Ukuhlola isibindi: uhlu izindlela

Uma uqala ukuqaphela soreness e ngakwesokunene sayo, umlomo wakhe uvele ukunambitheka ababayo, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesizathu iqala lapho ezizwa esegula ke kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuyinkinga nge kwesibindi. Kodwa ungaqali ukufunda amaqabunga tea futhi ngidle izidakamizwa ikhangiswe. Kungcono uthintane onguchwepheshe bese ukuchitha ukuhlolwa kwesibindi. Kube ngemva kokufunda imiphumela ka ultrasound, CT, i-MRI, radioisotope scan noma biopsy, unganikezela ukuphathwa efanele.

Qedela segazi

Ngokuvamile isinyathelo sokuqala luhlolo kwesibindi - ihlaziya. Okokuqala, odokotela njalo linqume kwegazi ezivamile. Lona cwaningo elula ukuthi kukhomba inkinga ethile, kodwa kuyokwenzeka ukucacisa khona ukuvuvukala umzimba. Futhi lapho ukwehla anjalo esikhathini platelet ukubala, kungaba bazitshela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo viral ngoba iphazamiseke amaseli isibindi.

biochemistry

Kuzodingeka ukuthi ahambise uhlu igazi umthambo, lapho ama-enzyme isibindi (aspartate aminotransferase futhi aminotransferase alanine) izonqunywa. Lokhu Assay kuniketa inkhomba ezilimele cell ulwelwesi, okuyinto avumele enzyme ethize yeselula kusukela kwesibindi emgudwini wegazi. Norma la ma-enzyme - esingaphansi 41 U / L ALT. Uma weqiwe, lokhu kungase kube uphawu kwesibindi lwezinhlobo ezahlukene. Lokhu kuhlaziya libizwa-biochemistry igazi. Lwenza ukucacisa ratio ALT, AST, ukukhomba phosphatase ane-alikhali futhi bilirubin amazinga ukunquma, ukulinganisa lokuhlushwa gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Ngokwe-ukuhlaziywa kunqunywa izinkomba ezingaphezu kwezingu-40.

ultrasound

Elibalulekile isibindi esiteji luhlolo - ultrasound. Ultrasonic uphethwe ivumela ukusetha ubukhulu kwesibindi kanye nenyongo sesinye. Indlela ibonisa izinguquko ehlasela umzimba ezifana hepatotoxicity, zonke izinhlobo pancreatitis, isifo sokusha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-gepatoze emzimbeni kuyoba amabala ebonakalayo amaseli fat. Hepatocytes namafutha abe kwabantu ezahlukene, okusho ukuthi isithombe ultrasound uyobheka ezinhle. Futhi ukuthuthukiswa isibindi amaseli isifo sizobuyiselwange ezicutshini ultrasound show izimpawu cystic.

Ngokuphathelene izinguquko ebalulekile, isibindi kanye ultrasound luhlolo abonisa ngokucacile izingxenye nge kwabantu lenyuka, okungaba hemangioma, adenoma, umdlavuza metastatic, calcifications. indlela futhi ivumela ngokunembile ukunquma kwehle echogenicity izindawo kungase kubonise khona Sarcoma, lymphoma, ithumba noma hematoma.

Ngemva kokuhlola idatha, udokotela ngeke bakwazi ukwenza ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe, kodwa ichaza nesiqondiso ukusihlola kwesibindi, ngaphandle ongakhetha sinqatshelwe.

Ukuze isiguli, ukutadisha okunjalo kobuhlungu ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukuqeqeshwa kancane, ekuqedeni ukubuyisa.

Ikhompyutha scintigraphy futhi IKhompyuthaYami ukuskena

izindlela zesimanje luhlolo kwesibindi zihlanganisa radioisotope ukuskena noma imigwamanda ezihambelana nokucinga kwakho scintigraphy uhlelo lwekhompyutha ehlanganisa isibindi, gallbladder futhi mapayipi. Indlela yokuqala kabanzi lisetshenziswe zokwelapha kusukela 60s ekuseni futhi ilahlekelwe ezinye lokuhambisana. Eyesibili indlela esanda kuqalwa futhi isivele kwakuqala ukwanda phakathi diagnosticians. Lolu cwaningo iyakunikeza ukusebenza emzimbeni, ukucacisa lingakanani, ukukhomba izimila futhi ngimise isihlalo khona izinqubo eziningi ezingapheli.

Scintigraphy wenziwa usebenzisa nesibabule colloidal (noma ezinye izinto eziphuma ezintweni eziphilayo), okuyinto anelebuli technetium enemisebe 99. I IKhompyuthaYami enemisebe iqondiswa isiguli ngemithambo yegazi noma ephefumula. Khona-ke, usebenzisa gamma amakhamera ukuzwa amaza, it is iguqulwe futhi adluliselwa computer. Isithombe iza layering nombala. Ucwaningo kuthatha imizuzu efika ku-30, okuvumela udokotela ukuhlola umsebenzi umzimba kanye ukuthola ulwazi mayelana egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

ukuskena Isotopic nayo eyenziwa imizuzu 30-40, kodwa kudinga isiguli ukuqedela baxhashazwe. isithombe D ibonakala iphepha, kunokuba esikrinini. Lokhu umbala imigqa ukubopha.

Bobabili izindlela uphenyo eyenziwa esiswini esingenalutho. Enye ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka.

CT nama-MRI

Kukhona indlela ezimbili yesimanje, kodwa eqolo yokuhlolwa isibindi - computer futhi magnetic resonance tomography. CT is ezenziwe usebenzisa ama-X ray. Umphumela we-nqubo ukulungele izithombe nambili (tincetu ovundlile) evumela ukucacisa indawo kanye nosayizi izilonda. Ngaphandle udokotela uyakwazi ukuhlola ngemvelo yenkinga futhi ukubona kwakuthinta kanjani kwezicubu ezizungezile. CT iqondiswa ngoba esolwa jaundice obstructive, izinhlumba, isibindi ukuhlukumezeka, nokopha, hematomas, isifo sokusha kanye izimila.

MRI is kufanele kubhekwe indlela inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke luhlolo kwesibindi kanye nezinye izitho. Magnetic resonance imaging kuthola izimila ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, ngisho usayizi encane kakhulu. Kulokhu, phakathi naleyo nqubo, kungenzeka nje kuphela ukuxilonga isimila, kodwa futhi ukusungula uhlamvu yayo, ukubona metastases ukuhlola patency nemikhumbi, ukubona ushintsho olwenzeka ehlasela umzimba wonke, ukusungula degree isifo sokusha nokuningi. Ucwaningo uqhutshwa ngendlela apharathasi ezikhethekile ezifana emhubheni. Inqubo kuthatha imizuzu engu-30 noma ngaphezulu.

Sifo engenziwa noma ngaphandle Ngokuphambene ke. Indlela nakanjani ephephile iziguli, kodwa kudinga ukulawula sufaka. Kufanele ukudubula konke futhi imihlobiso, futhi izinsizakuzwa, futhi amazinyo. MRI ebukhoneni eziyingozi izilonda, metal iziqeshana noma izikhonkwane futhi umshini wokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungenzeka kuphela emva kokubonisana phambili udokotela.

biopsy

A biopsy inikeza kungenzeka ekunqumeni aetiology lesi sifo, isigaba saso, kanye nezinga umonakalo isitho. Ukuze ukuhlaziywa esithathwayo ihlule ophilayo, okuyinto wathumela i histological (izicubu), cytological (cell) noma luhlolo bacteriological.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana izinhlobo biopsy kwesibindi:

• lubhoboze;
• nenshisekelo nge-ultrasound;
• transvenous;
• Laparoscopic.

Ukuze isibindi isimiso biopsy amalungiselelo aqala ku ezingu-7 zokugcina. Isiguli sibe ukuyeka ukuphuza ama-NSAID futhi ukuvimbela yokuvuma anticoagulants. izinsuku ezingu-5 kusukela ekudleni akufaki ukudla ukwandisa ukubuyisa. 3 izinsuku uqale ukuthola "Espumizan". Inqubo eyenziwa esiswini esingenalutho.

Into esemqoka ukuthi isiguli kufanele baqonde - uma kwenzeka ubuhlungu kanye nezimpawu ezimbi alibale ucingo kudokotela akunakwenzeka. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze wokuhlola kwesibindi. Kuqalwaphi ukunquma udokotela, njengoba kuyodingeka isithombe egcwele isimo isitho. Khumbula, iningi izinkinga ingelapheka nge Sokuzivikela ngesikhathi esifanele.