Ukuqina kwesibindi somzimba: izimbangela kanye nokwelapha

Umgogodla womzimba womuntu wenza imisebenzi eminingana. Kuyinto isixhumanisi esibalulekile ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal, livikela umthambo womgogodla futhi lihlanganyele ekuhambeni kwesiqu. Noma yiziphi izinguquko ezakhiweni zayo zithinta ikhwalithi yokuphila komuntu. Phakathi kwezifo ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesistimu yokwesekwa, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanelwe yisifo sokugaya umgogodla womgogodla. Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuhlobene nokuguga kwemvelo komzimba. Kodwa kungenzeka kube nezinye izizathu. Yiziphi? Sizokukhuluma ngalokhu kulesi sihloko. Uzothola ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisana ne-pathology nokuthi kungani umuntu engazange alahlekelwe ukwelashwa kwakhe.

Incazelo yesifo

Umsele womgogodla udlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu - uvikela umgogodla. Kanye nekhanda wenza isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, esilawula ukusebenza komzimba wonke. Ngakho-ke, ukulondolozwa kwesakhiwo samathambo somgogodla kuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza ngokugcwele komgogodla. Noma yikuphi ukuphulwa kulesi simiso kubangele imiphumela engaphenduki.

Isisu somgogodla womgogodla we-lumbar spine yinkqubo yokugulisa umzimba ebonakala ngokunciphisa ububanzi bayo. Ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwe-lumen ukucindezela izimpande zomgogodla. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalesi sifo kuhlobene no-Antoine Portap. Ngo-1803, udokotela wachaza lesi sifo ngokuningiliziwe, waqaphela izimbangela zayo. Kukholomu: "Izimpawu" wachaza ukukhubazeka kwemilenze kanye ne- muscle atrophy.

I-stenosis yi-pathology evamile, etholakala kubantu abadala. Uma ubheka izibalo, lokhu kuhlolisiswa kuqinisekiswe ku-21% weziguli ngemva kweminyaka engu-60. Ngamaphesenti angu-30 kuphela anezimpawu zokwelapha zesifo.

Izimbangela ze-stenosis

Ukuze wazi izimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo, udinga ukuqonda indlela esekelwe ngayo isistimu yokusekela, noma kunalokho, ingxenye yayo ye-lumbar.

Umgogodla womgogodla wenziwa yizidumbu nama-arches. Baxhunyiwe ndawonye ngezinqwaba. Ngaphakathi kwe-canal kudlula intambo yomgogodla. Yonke indawo yesikhumba igcwele izicubu ezimanzi nezamafutha. Lolu hlu oluyingqayizivele lusivumela ukuba senze ukunciphisa umzila omncane, okungenzeka kumsebenzi wesintu ovamile. Uma ububanzi be-lumen buyancishiswa nakakhulu, ukucindezelwa kwezinqubo zesibindi noma ubuchopho ngokwayo kwenzeka. Ngenxa yalesi senzo yokuhlukumezeka, izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa ze-neurological zivela.

Esikhundleni sesibangela saleso sifo singase sibe izicubu, ukuqhuma kwama-discs, i- intervertebral hernia, ukuhlukunyezwa, i-arthrosis yamalunga. Leli fomu lesi sifo libizwa ngokuthi "isiteji sesibili somgogodla womgogodla wesifunda se-lumbar," ngoba ukukhanya kancane kwe-lumen kungumphumela wezinye izifo. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlukahluka okuyisisekelo (idiopathic) yesifo kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Izimpawu zakhe ziyabonakala ngisho nasencane. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwama-congenital kuvela ekuthuthukiseni i-intrauterine engafanele.

Omunye wemiphumela eyingozi yalesi sifo ukuphulwa kokuthuthwa kwezakhi kumcibisholo. Ngenxa yalokho, ingcindezi emgodini womgogodla iyanda, okuholela ekucindezeni izitsha. Ngenxa yalokho, abakwazi ukusakaza ivolumu edingekayo yegazi ngezinga eliphezulu. Ngokusuka kwazo zonke izinguquko emzimbeni, umuntu uqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngemuva nangemilenze.

Indlela yokuqaphela lesi sifo?

Ukuqina kwesifo somgogodla kungumzimba ojwayelekile. Umzimba womuntu ujwayele izinqubo zokuguga ngokwemvelo, ngokuvamile ezibonakaliswa nezinguquko ezishisayo. I-stenosis iqala ngokungahambi kahle esifundeni se-lumbar. Izinkathi zokukhushulwa ziyashintshwa ngokuthula okuphansi. Ubuhlungu obandayo bungabangela noma iyiphi into yangaphandle (ukunyakaza okungahambi kahle, ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba). Ukuqina kokungahambi kahle kwanda kancane kancane. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba ukuguqulwa kwesiteshi akukwenzeki ngosuku olulodwa, lokhu kudinga isikhathi. Kulula ukubona ukucindezelwa esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa. Izicubu zomzimba zisezingeni eliphezulu. Uma ucindezelekile, ilula ngaphakathi kanye nezicubu zethambo. Ukukhathazeka okubuhlungu kwenzeka lapho izicubu zikhawulelwe.

Nge-stenosis, izimpande zentambo yomgogodla zihlushwa ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo. Bahlale besesimweni sokuvuvukala. Ubuhlungu be-back emuva buvame ukuhambisana nokushisa okukhulu, ngoba ukunikezwa kwegazi kumathishu okhathazekile kusaphazamiseka. Uhlale engakwazi ukuphefumula oksijini.

Ngesinye isikhathi, ngokumelene nesizinda somthwalo noma ukunyakaza okungahambi kahle, kukhona ukucindezela okubukhali kwesibindi, ngenxa yalokho, uyeka umsebenzi wayo. Lokhu kungabonakala kusukela ekuguqulweni kwesiguli sesiguli kanye nokwehluleka komsebenzi wemoto. Kuba nzima ngomuntu ukuma noma ukuhlala. Kuphela ngalesi sigaba uphendukela kudokotela bese ezwa ukutholakala "kwesimo somgogodla wendawo yomgogodla." Izimpawu zingathuthuka futhi ziholele emiphumeleni engaphenduki uma ukwelashwa kungaqalwanga ngesikhathi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-stenosis

Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okwehla kwesimo sezinthambo zamathambo, kunokunciphisa ububanzi bomgogodla womgogodla. Ngenxa yalolu shintsho, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zalesi sifo zihlukaniswa:

1. I-stenosis engapheli ibonisa ukwehla kwesibani somsele kuze kube ngu-5-10 mm. Ukukhubazeka kubonakala ngesithombe esitholakala emtholampilo. Ukwelashwa kudinga ukuhlinzeka, kepha izindlela zokulondoloza zingasetshenziswa.
2. I-stenosis ehlobene yomswakama wokugcoba umgogodla uveza ukugxilwa kwe-lumen kuya ku-10-12 mm. Leli fomu lesi sifo litholakala ngengozi, liyaphathwa kahle.
3. Nge -stenosis ye-lateral , umgogodla womgogodla wancipha ube ngu-3 mm. Lesi yisigaba sokugcina sesifo, okusho ukuthi kungenelela ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nge-stenosis

Ukwelashwa okwanele nesikhathi esifanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola okusheshayo. Ngokushesha udokotela ebeka ukwelashwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uyinqobe lesi sifo. Ukubonisana ngalolu daba, udinga ukuvakashela i-neurosurgeon noma i-neurologist. Isisu somgogodla womgogodla we-lumbosacral umgogodla ukukhethekile kwabo. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ezimpawu zomtholampilo, idatha yokuhlolwa kwegazi (izinguquko ezizindleleni, ukuzwela kwezitho), kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Njengoba ubuhlungu esifundeni se-lumbar kungenziwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, i-rayography ne-spondylography ayikwazi ukugwema. Ngezinye izikhathi i-MRI engeziwe iyadingeka. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, isazi singanquma ukutholakala kwesifo, imbangela yaso, nokukhetha ukwelashwa okwanele.

Izimiso zokwelashwa

Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isifo esingelapheki, okokuqala udokotela ubeka ukwelapha okulondolozayo. Inkambo ngokuvamile ithatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30. Ukufinyelela ngesikhathi esifanele kudokotela kungaphilisa isisu somgogodla we-lumbar izinyanga ezingu-1-2 futhi ungahambi ekuhlinzekeni okuhlinzekwayo. Amacala aqalisiwe adinga ukwelashwa kwesondlo kulo lonke impilo. Inkambo ejwayelekile yokwelapha ihlanganisa ukuphuza imithi kanye ne-physiotherapy. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuqeda imbangela yalesi sifo, nokunciphisa izimpawu.

Ukwelashwa ngamaphilisi namafutha

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuboniswa iziguli ezingenayo izifo ezinzima zezinzwa, lapho izikhalazo kuphela ezibuhlungu endaweni ye-sacrum nemilenze. Ukwelashwa kwesimo somgogodla womgogodla engxenyeni ye-lumbar kubandakanya ukwamukelwa kwezidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

1. Izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Xsefokam). Banciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala emthonjeni wezinzwa, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala.
2. Ama-Miorelaxants ("Midokalm", "Tizanidine"). Imithi enjalo yenzelwe ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwemisipha.
3. Amavithamini weqembu B ("i-Milgamma", "i-Neurovitan").
4. I-Vascular isho ("Pentoxifylline", "Kurantil"). Umphumela wabo oyinhloko uhlose ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi.
5. Imithi yokwelashwa (Diakarb).

Njengoba ubuhlungu obukhulu bubuhlungu, umphumela omuhle uboniswa yi-epidural noma i-sacral blockades, kanye nama-anesthetics wendawo. Ngokuvamile izidakamizwa ezinjalo zithathwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba wokwelapha

Uma isimo esiphelele sesiguli singalimazi, uhanjelwa kudokotela-rehabilististist ukuthola iseluleko. Lochwepheshe ususelwe ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zokufundisa ezempilo. Ukuzivocavoca kwe-stenosis ye-canal umgogodla wokugcoba kukhethwe ngabanye, ngokucabangela isimo sesiguli kanye nobuhlungu besifo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuqeqesha ngokomzimba ukufundisa indlela yokulawula ukubonakaliswa kwesifo, ukwandisa amandla nokuguquguquka kwezixhobo zokusekela. Ngezansi kukhona izinketho eziningana zokuzivocavoca okuphakanyiswayo nge-stenosis.

• Ukulala emhlane wakhe, ukugoba imilenze yakhe bese usakaza amahlombe akhe kabanzi. Kudingekile ukuthatha umoya ojulile, ubale ezinhlanu, bese uphumelela kakhulu ukuphakamisa esifubeni. Le nkimbinkimbi kufanele iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-8-10.
• Ukuzivocavoca kunconywa ukuqala nge-gymnastics yokuphefumula. Ukulala emhlane wakhe, kubalulekile ukuphakamisa nokuguqa ngamadolo esifubeni sakhe, uhlale kule ndawo imizuzu embalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukukhulula imilenze yakho ngomusa. Phinda okungenani izikhathi ezingu-10.
• Ukulala emhlane wakho, izandla zisakazwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Imilenze kufanele iguqe ngamadolo, bese ujika ngokushelela ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele. Kulesi simo, umhlane kufanele uhlale umile.

Ukuzivocavoca okunjalo kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa isimo seziguli ezitholakale zine-stenosis ye-canal umgogodla womgogodla. Izivivinyo zokwelapha nazo zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezingathintekile zomzimba. Esikhathini sokuqala, isakhiwo sokusebenza kufanele senziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kukadokotela-umfundisi. Ngemuva kokuthola ikhono elifanele, izifundo zingaqhutshwa ekhaya.

Usizo lwemithi yendabuko

Esikhathini sokuzivikela kwabahlengikazi bendabuko, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa kwe-stenosis. Phakathi kwabo, ukucindezela okwenziwe uju kuthandwa kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukugcoba isifunda sezinkuni nge-sweet delicacy, ukumboza ngehawula futhi ufake ama-plaster we-mustard ngaphezulu. Ungenza futhi i-compress kusukela ekungeneni kwe-elderberry, i-chamomile ne-thyme izimbali. Ukwenza lokhu, ku-decoction ekhulayo yezitshalo zokwelapha, udinga uketshezi indwangu yokotini, bese ulinamathisela endaweni ethintekile bese uyigqugquzela imfudumalo ngesibalo sebusuku.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngosizo lwabahlengikazi bendabuko akunakwenzeka ukuphulukisa isisu somgogodla womgogodla. Ukusebenza noma imithi kuzosiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Noma yimuphi umuthi wabaphilisa unika umphumela wesikhashana. Ngokushesha uzobe usadingeka ukubona udokotela.

Ukusebenza kuyadingeka nini?

Ukwelashwa kwe-stenosis ngokuhlinzwa kufanele kucatshangwe ngokwehlukana. Ukungenelela okuhlinzekwayo kuboniswa uma ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kungenisi imiphumela efunayo, noma isifo sisendaweni enganaki. Inhloso eyinhloko yenkambiso ukukhulula izimpande zesibindi kusuka ekucindezelweni. Njengamanje, kuye kwasungulwa izinyathelo eziningana zokwelapha okuhlinzekwa, okuvumela ukuqeda isifo somgogodla womgogodla we-lumbar. Ukusebenza kungenzeka ngokuvulekile noma ekugcineni. Phakathi kwazo zonke izindlela ezisebenzayo eziphumelela kakhulu yizinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukunciphisa i-laminectomy. Ukusebenza kuhilela ukunciphisa izindawo ezicindezela izimpande zesisindo. Ukusabela kungathinta i-arc ye-vertebra, umgogodla ophuzi, inqubo ye-spinous. Ezingama-68% zamacala, ukungenelela kunikeza imiphumela emihle.
• Ukuzinza ukusebenza. Ngokuvamile ziyanconywa ngaphezu kokudonswa kwe-laminectomy ukuqinisa umsebenzi osekelayo womgogodla.

Umphumela wanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinza kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuvamile ukhetho olulodwa lokuphulukisa isifo somgogodla womgogodla lusebenza ngokuhlinzwa. Ukubuyekezwa mayelana nezindlela ezisebenzisayo ezimweni eziningi zilungile. Imibono engalungile yeziguli, njengombuso, ihlotshaniswa nenkathi yokululama okunzima. Ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Ukuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Ngemuva kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, wonke amandla esiguli kumele ahloswe ekubuyiseleni impilo. Kulokhu angasiza udokotela-rehabilitologist. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphumula yikhono lokulawula isifo sobuhlungu. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, ochwepheshe anganikeza izindlela eziningana: izinqubo ezishisayo, ukusetshenziswa kweqhwa, i-ultrasound, i-electrostimulation. Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza komzimba, isiguli siphinde sinikezwe inkambo yokwelashwa. Ukuzivocavoca kukhethwe ngabanye, ngokucabangela isimo sesiguli. Lapho isiguli sifunda ukulawula isifo sobuhlungu yedwa, isikhathi sokubuyisa singabhekwa siphelele.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Ukunciphisa ububanzi bomgogodla womgogodla kuyingozi ngenxa yomphumela walo emthonjeni womgogodla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isithombe somtholampilo sesifo sishintsha ngokuphawulekayo, kuvela izimpawu zezinzwa. Ukubonakaliswa kwabo kuxhomeke ekubambeni kwenqubo ye-pathological (paresis yemilenze, ukwephulwa kozwela kwezitho zomzimba).

Isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi kungani ungayinaki indiva i-stenosis yomsele wamagogasi. Izinhlobo, izimpawu nokuphathwa kwesifo nazo zichazwe kulesi sihloko. Lesi sifo sibonakala inkambo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe oqeqeshiwe, kuyadingeka. Ukwelashwa kwe-stenosis okwakhiwe kakade kuyinkqubo ende futhi enzima. Ukuze kuvimbele ukutholakala kwalo, kwanele ukuba uhlolwe njalo kwezokwelapha futhi uhambisane nokuphila okusebenzayo. Yiba nempilo!