Ukuthuthukiswa kweKotlovanov: Izindlela Eziyisisekelo

Umgodi ukujula emhlabathini, ukubeka nje, umgodi omkhulu, wadala isisekelo sesisekelo, kanye nezinye izakhiwo zobunjiniyela nezokusebenza. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemigodi kwenziwa kuphela ngabachwepheshe ngolwazi oluthile nolwazi. Lo msebenzi uqala ngokulungiselela ama-design kanye nama-accounting documents: lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu uma kungumbuzo wokuqhuba umhlaba emhlabeni , lapho kunombono omkhulu wokuxhumana komhlaba, okukhona okumele kuthathwe ngakho ukuze kungabikho isimo esiphuthumayo.

Inqubo yokucwaninga yokucwaninga isetshenziswa. Qinisekisa ukucabangela i-angle yemithambeko yemvelo, izici zokubumbana komhlaba, njll. Izindonga ekufukukeni zingaba mpo, kepha kulokhu, ukulungiswa okunye kwenhlabathi (uma ukujula kudlula amamitha amabili) kuyadingeka. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kunezakhiwo zokuhlala eseduze. Njengomthetho, ekucubunguleni imigodi yesisekelo, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zomsebenzi zenziwa : umsebenzi we-geodetic; Inhlangano yemigwaqo yokufinyelela yesikhashana; Ukusakaza noma ukususwa kwenhlabathi ethuthukile.

Abafuyi be-Backhoe

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezintambo kwenziwa ngezinhlobo ezehlukene zezimbizi, ikakhulukazi, ne-backhoe. Lokhu kwenza sikwazi ukuthuthukisa inhlabathi ngendlela yokuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukufeza ukungena kwe-lateral. Umshini kuleli cala ungaphezu kwezinga lezansi bese ulayisha umhlabathi okhishwayo ube yimoto yokuthutha noma imoto. Abafuyi be-Backhoe bavame ukusetshenziselwa uma besebenza ngenhlabathi emanzi noma enomanzi.

Iyiphi indlela ongayisebenzisa - ukungena ngaphakathi noma ukuphela - kuxhomeke kulokho okushiwo izici zomsebenzi womshini. Lapha kubalulekile ukucabangela ububanzi bokuvuzwa nokujula kokumba. Uma ukuthuthwa kwezimoto kunamaceleni amabili, ukungena kokungena ekugcineni kungaba kusuka ku-160 kuya ku-170 cm ububanzi. Uma iloli lokulahla linikezwa ohlangothini olulodwa, ububanzi buyoba ngu-130 cm. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi emgodini wesisekelo nokulayishwa kokungena ekunciphiseni kunciphisa ububanzi bokungena, ngoba inhlabathi evuliwe kufanele ibekwe ekulahleni . Uma ububanzi bokuvuzwa bukhulu kunebubanzi bokungena (uma uhamba emgwaqeni oqondile), kusetshenziswa amakhefu amaningi ekugcineni, noma uhamba ngendlela ye-zigzag (indlela eguquguqukayo-ubuso).

Abadwebi beDragline

I-Dragline ivula umhlabathi, ophezu kwezinga lokumba. ImiSebenzi yenziwa ngosizo lwezingeniso ze-lateral nokuphela, futhi ukulayishwa komhlaba kuqhutshwa futhi ekulahleni noma emotweni. I-dragline ine-radius enkulu ephendukayo, futhi ibumba ngaphezulu-lezi yizinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko ngaphezu kwe-backhoe. Ngakho-ke, kuyasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo uma isebenza ngezinhlabathi ezinomsoco futhi ezithambile, ngisho noma i-saturation yayo ngamanzi iphezulu kakhulu. Imisebenzi ingenziwa ngokuthatha umhlabathi ohlangothini ngalunye weloli (umzila ojikelezayo we-shuttle). Kubalulekile ukuthi umcibisholo we-dragline uphendukela sonke isikhathi ngenkathi kulayishwa inqubo. Futhi uma inhlabathi iqoqwa eceleni kwezimoto zempahla - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi indlela yokuhamba nge-longitudinal-shuttle.

Ukuphela kokuthuthukiswa

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwemfuyo kwenziwa futhi yonke inhlabathi ithathwa, ama-slopes aqedwe futhi phansi kuhlelwe. Uma phansi kuyisisekelo sephansi, inhlabathi ayisusiwe konke - ngaphansi kuka-10-30 cm kunehlelwe. Ama-bulldozers enza i-sweep ye-bottom of the excavation. Ukuze kulungiswe ukucutshungulwa, abavuli bamanzi basetshenziselwa ngentshiseko namuhla. Umzimba wabo osebenzayo u-telescopic (uhamba ngezindlela ezihlukene), futhi umcibisholo ungadlulisa. Umsele ongemuva ulele lapho umsebenzi ekufakweni izingxenye zangaphansi komhlaba.