Ultrasound kwesibindi: kokubusa umbhalo. Ubukhulu kwesibindi: omdala evamile

Isibindi yisona izitho parenchymal kanye indlala elikhulu umzimba. Ukuxilongwa izifo zesibindi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kokubili laboratory kanye nezindlela luhlolo wezinsimbi. Enye indlela iningi ulwazi kuyinto isibindi ultrasound. Norma, emagama ukusebenza ayisihloko lesi sihloko.

Sakhiwo isakhiwo kwesibindi

Isibindi yisona laboratory elikhulu umzimba womuntu, lapho ukucubungula kanye synthesis inqwaba izinto. It liqukethe izingxenye 4. I ezimbili ezinkulu - ilungelo kanye ngakwesobunxele, ngobukhulu kanye ibukeke ku ultrasound. Lezi ezinye ezimbili - tailed square, lilincane kakhulu futhi akudingeki kulolu cwaningo value abalulekile zokuxilonga. Ngaphandle, isibindi imbozwe Glisson capsule, ezisabela ngayo ukwanda Usayizi wendlala.

I iyithimba takhi we lobule hepatic, esakhiwa hepatocytes eziningana, emithanjeni emincane yegazi kanye excretory Bile imbobo. Hepatocyte kuyinto cell ezikhethekile, lapho kukhona izinqubo zokwenziwa umzimba.

Isimiso semithambo yegazi kwesibindi

Isibindi Perfusion eyenziwa Umthambo hepatic. Outflow wegazi ihlinzeka portal Vienna, okuyinto ichibi elikhulu eqoqa igazi emazikweni ayibhangqiwe we komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu. Isibindi ukuhlunga mass Blutwurst amcibe ku bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi vena cava. Ngo kakhulu sesibindi synthesizes Bile, okuyinto enhle zholchnym capillary igeleza isuka kwesokunene nezinhlanu kwesobunxele Amapayipi ezivamile hepatic, bese - ngokusebenzisa ezivamile Bile imbobo phakathi duodenum. Ukuze uhlole futhi ukufunda isakhiwo zalezi zakhiwo ngokugcwele ivumela ultrasound isibindi. Norma, sokuqonda inhlolovo uvumele ukuxilongwa umehluko nezinye izifo wesinye izitho ezizungezile.

kokusebenza kwesibindi

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini. Isakhiwo eyingqayizivele hepatic lobule isakhiwo kanye uhlelo emithambo yegazi, esiyingxenye wave sine, futhi inikeza ukubambezeleka Ukubohlisa exchange compounds unoxidized futhi imikhiqizo parenchyma we wendlala yabesilisa, kulandele ukuhoxiswa yokugcina. indima isibindi secretory liqukethe Bile zamagama, okuyinto isixazululo of Bile futhi fatty acid futhi abanye izakhi mkhondo. umsebenzi Zokwenziwa we wendlala yabesilisa kumiswa cishe zonke amaprotheni amafraktjhini wegazi futhi abanye izinto ezithile (lipoproteins, igazi ezijiyisa igazi, ama-enzyme).

Bile has a umsebenzi yokuwasha kudaleke peristalsis. indima wokugaya ukudla of Bile nalo enikeziwe, egqugquzela emulsification okunamafutha ngcono ukugaya zokugcina lipase pancreatic. Iqhaza ayisivikelo indlala elikhulu umzimba kuhilela zamagama omzimba avikelayo, futhi ezinye izingxenye uhlelo umphelelisi. Ngo izenzo isibindi fetus nezinsana njengoba hematopoiesis. Ukusebenza ilungile futhi umsebenzi umzimba incike ubukhulu kwesibindi. Jwayelekile ukubaluleka omdala kuqhathaniswa njalo futhi ziyahlukahluka uhla 1-4 cm.

Ingqikithi yalo luhlolo ultrasound

Ultrasound itholakala kabanzi, kancane futhi indlela kobuhlungu yophenyo yezitho zangaphakathi.

Ultrasound unekhono ezibonisa off izibilini ukushintsha kanjalo ubude wokuzuliswa imvamisa. Lezi zinguquko sizibophezele yi ultrasound inzwa unit kanye asithumela control unit, lapho ukucubungula wenziwa kanye kumiswa izithombe qapha. Lapho inzwa wenza kokubili generator amagagasi ultrasonic.

Omunye kulula kakhulu ukufinyelela kuwo ngoba imizimba wokuhlola kuyinto kwesibindi. Ubukhulu we inzwa ultrasound nokulungiswa uvumele ukuhlola umzimba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ukuhlola homogeneity oyiyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba ngobukhulu yensimbi has ukubunjwa yayo izakhiwo inhomogeneous (izitsha, Bile Amapayipi).

Sinini luhlolo ultrasound kwesibindi

Okokuqala, vakashela cwaningo ultrasound kufanele kube ngabantu ababhekana ahlolwe wezokwelapha. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba ubone ezinye izifo eziyingozi kusaqalwa yentuthuko bese ubamba ukwelashwa okufanele. Iziguli udokotela uye kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo "isibindi ithumba" noma "isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo viral" bezikhungo saziso ultrasound cwaningo. umonakalo Obungapheli ezithweni lesisu, izinsolo ngoba khona izimila noma assays ushintsho laboratory (ikakhulukazi amasampula hepatic) isisekelo luhlolo ultrasonic kwesibindi.

ngezinye izikhathi Wabesifazane kudinga ultrasound ukukhethwa indlela elilungile inzalo hormone futhi cishe zonke neoplasms abulalayo esifazane uhlelo zokuzala. Iziguli umlutha wotshwala noma usuvele unayo ngokoma kwesibindi, ngezikhathi sihlole isitho apharathasi ultrasound. Uma ngezikhathi uphawu ubuhlungu ukunqamula ilungelo quadrant engenhla kanye nokuntuleka ukudla, futhi kufanele wenze ultrasound kwesibindi. Norma, kulungiswa yi ezimweni eziningi ukuvumela okuyikona zisuka.

Indlela ukulungiselela isibindi ultrasonography

Isigaba wokulungiselela kuyinto iphuzu elibalulekile ngaphambi luhlolo. It ihlose ukudala izimo ngoba ngeso elingcono kwezitho besisu, kuhlanganise isibindi. Isiguli ziyokwehlela ukuhlolwa esiswini esingenalutho, nge esidlweni sokugcina kufanele kube amahora akukho ngaphansi kuka 8 ngaphambi cwaningo. Akunconyelwe usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi ultrasound zokuxilonga ukudla ezibangela igesi kumiswa emathunjini (imikhiqizo yobisi imidumba). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umuntu has ukuthambekela, kufanele kuthathe 3-4 izibhebhe black amalahle kusihlwa ngaphambi luhlolo. Futhi, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze elilodwa noma amabili do a enema ukuhlanzwa.

Isibindi ultrasound: izinkomba

Ultrasound udokotela zokuxilonga phambi test isetshenziswa isikhumba esiswini gel ekhethekile ngcono ukuthintana inzwa ngesikhumba futhi inikeza elikhulu isithombe kumiswa.

Okokuqala, isakhiwo kulinganiselwa. Kuyinto evamile iyunifomu. Edge isibindi kumele kube flat. Ngemva kwalokho, uqhubekele yokukala ubukhulu sokunene nesobunxele webele iyizingxenye. Kubo, kulinganiswa ukujiya kanye nesinqumo sagittal. Ngokuvamile, i-ilungelo Lobe ukujiya kufanele zilingane 11,2-12,6 cm kanye nosayizi sagittal - 15 cm share kwesokunxele incane, ngakho Uhlonze lwalo ngaphansi kwezimo kuyinsakavukela yisilinganiso sesifundo 7 cm, futhi ibanga sagittal -. 10 cm. ultrasound apharathasi kalula ukunquma kanye nosayizi jikelele kwesibindi. omdala ojwayelekile zokhahlamba kusuka cm 14 kuya 18 eside futhi 20-23 cm ububanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho ihlaziye ngokuba khona webele parenchyma yesifunda, izimvu zamanzi kanye calcifications akha izinguquko isignali echo. Ukuze zingaqinisa noma zenze buthakathaka uhlelo ultrasonic wave udokotela angase azibone kumiswa okuluketshezi noma okuqinile. Ngezinye izikhathi phakathi uketshezi kumiswa kungenzeka akha isithunzi, okhombisa nginesimila yisinanakazana.

Ngokuba non-iyunifomu izakhiwo zihlanganisa lemithambo emithanjeni Bile mapayipi. Ubukhulu transverse of vein portal, akumele leqe 13 mm, futhi ephansi Vienna eziyize has a ububanzi of 10 kuya ku-15 mm. emithanjeni Hepatic okuyinto ezingenalutho phakathi cava vena, abe ububanzi amamilimitha angu-6 kuya ku-10. Umthambo Hepatic ukuthi zihlolwe esangweni isibindi, lapho Uhlonze lwalo 4 kuya ku-7 mm. Ngenxa nenyongo jikelele Bile imbobo kwenzeka outflow. Ngokuvamile, ubukhulu bayo kumele tisukele amamilimitha angu 6 kuya ku-8.

Izimo inhlolovo

Ultrasound uphethwe ngo abadala ayinakho Izimo. Uma isiguli awakulungele noma cha kahle ulungiselela inhlolovo umcimbi, reception yayo kule SPL-iKhabhinethi kufanele uyiswe kwenye indawo. Lokhu kuzovumela ngaphezulu qualitatively enze isibindi ultrasound. Norma yi ukuqaqwa kungenzeka ukusungula okuyikona futhi ukwelashwa okufanele.

intengo Umhlahlandlela

Uma ngezikhathi ekukhathaza ubuhlungu ngakwesokudla quadrant engenhla, isicanucanu, umuzwa umunyu umlomo, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ukuqhuba ultrasound kwesibindi. Inani liqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela wezinsimbi kuyinto yeningi futhi zokhahlamba kusuka ruble 700 kuya 1400.