Umbhoshongo uDavide eJerusalema: umlando, incazelo, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

EJerusalema - idolobha lapho ungakwazi ukuhamba emuva ngesikhathi nje inkomishi yekhofi ekuseni. Kunzima ukuthola enye indawo kanje emhlabeni, nomaphi lapho yesimanjemanje endulo, multi-zenkolo, isiko kanye namasiko ezizwe ezahlukene munye. Wonke umuntu oza lapha, ihlala phakade ukwazi ubuhle kuleli dolobha ongaphakeme-key lapho ukwenza umlando. Uma ufuna thinta kakhulu nenhliziyo yeJerusalema, bese uya indawo lapho kumi Tower kaDavide (Citadel). Futhi lokhu Luhambo akulona inani yenkolo, kodwa umlando salo ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo ukuba umlando yonke indawo yedolobha lasendulo.

OMFUSHANE INCAZELO izimpawu zendawo

Umbhoshongo UDavide izinqaba enamandla eyakhelwe eduze kweSango Jaffa. Ngabo, iningi zezihambeli ziyafika neDolobha Elidala, ngakho umfanekiso lenqaba empeleni iyisici esibonisa eJerusalema. Noma ubani obelokhu lapha, qiniseka ukuthi basibonile lesi isikhonkwane esidala, ngofuzo abakhileyo yesimanje wawoyise.

Citadel isendaweni amagquma entshonalanga esibheke idolobha amamitha amakhulu ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisikhombisa nantathu. Ngesikhathi buqala, ke uyazigcwalisa enomsebenzi obalulekile ukuze ivikele lo muzi kubahlaseli, Nokho, okuyinto, akazange ukuzisindisa sona ngokwaso ekubhujisweni noma eJerusalema noma Tower kaDavide wathola igama layo yokudumisa enkosini enkulu.

Igama: ngephutha, wehlela emlandweni

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abantu abaningi bakholelwa uDavide, umakhi enqabeni, kodwa empeleni akanayo maqondana nalo. Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi olwenziwa inhlolovo bemivubukulo eduze umbhoshongo wathola ukuthi yasungulwa ngemva kokufa inkosi edume noSolomoni indodana yakhe. Futhi igama layo lenqaba wathola ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye: amaKristu waseByzantium kubhekwe ukuthi kwaba entabeni eNtshonalanga, kwaba esigodlweni abadumile yeNkosi uDavide, labhujiswa esikhathini esizayo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abavubukuli baye babonisa ubuze besimo kule nguqulo, igama wanamathela futhi liye lasinda kuze kube namuhla.

Umbhoshongo uDavide eJerusalema: umlando

Izazi-mlando zisitshela ukuthi inqaba futhi lenqaba ngokwayo yasungulwa ngo yesibili BC leminyaka. Phakathi nale nkathi, ukuncipha Old Town eseke usayizi pretty umxhwele futhi kabi kwakudingeka izinqaba ukuzivikela. Ngokwezazi zemivubukulo, ukuze nokwakha kwabo waqala ngesikhathi Ngesikhathi seNkosi uDavide noSolomoni indodana yakhe, kodwa iNkosi uHezekiya kuphela wayiqonda indlela okubaluleke ngayo lizungezwe udonga okusezingeni eliphezulu eJerusalema, futhi ngenkuthalo waqala ukwakhiwa yayo.

Cishe eyikhulu edlule ababusi umndeni amaHasmonea bakwazi ukuphothula umsebenzi phambi kwabo wakha oluqinisayo ngokuphawulekayo ticongotekulindza eziningana.

Liqala ukubusa, iNkosi uHerode eyakhelwe esiGungwini entabeni esigodlweni lawo elihle futhi wanakekela ukuvikela kwakhe nasekuqiniseni odongeni inqaba. Iphuzu ezingavikelekile kakhulu zalo lonke isakhiwo ayebhekwa enyakatho ntshonalanga okuyingxenye. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi uHerode wakha imibhoshongo ezintathu omkhulu, ebanikeza isihloko obucacile - "FASA", "UMiriyamu" futhi "Gippikus". Okokuqala Citadel lethiwa behlonipha umfowabo inkosi, basuka kuleli zwe bebodwa. UMiriyamu wayengudadewabo unkosikazi kaHerode ukuthi Lesi sibalo sehle sisuka ezandleni zakhe. Umbhoshongo lwesithathu ubizwa ngokuthi i-omunye wabangane bami abakhulu kakhulu yenkosi. Bonke babenesifiso lenze samuntu amandla kungani umbuso waseRoma wawunamandla futhi amandla eJerusalema.

Kazi liye lasinda kuphela senqaba Kwaqale kwaba yena, waba isisekelo ukwakhiwa obengeziwe Tower kaDavide.

Umlando waseJerusalema - umlando enqabeni

Esikhathini yoma AD iJerusalema kakhulu ubuhlungu yanqotshwa amaRoma, owanqoba edolobheni futhi baphendula lenqaba ezitokisini. Nokho, ulandela iRoma bamukela ubuKristu, amanxiwa umbhoshongo zanikwa izindela.

ababusi WaseTurkey, anqoba leli dolobha, sanquma ukugcina izindonga ungeze ku- ke, turning kube isakhiwo obunamandla bokuthi uye wakwazi ukumelana naleli gagasi zenkolo eziningana. Ingabe ukunqoba ukumelana abaseTurkey, Knights baye bebancenga ukuba lidele ukuze uthole ukuphila. Phakathi nokubusa Crusaders Tower kaDavide wagcwalisa umsebenzi walo eziyisisekelo zokuzivikela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sasizungezwe umsele ngokujulile, futhi babelokhu zizulazula odongeni inqaba. Phakathi nale nkathi, njalo weza eYerusalem, ama-pilgrim owayevela eYurophu, kudingeka sivikelwe ama-Arabhu kanye izizwe ayimizulane.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-nambili inqaba ekhulwini nge umbhoshongo babhujiswe phakade futhi kabusha:

• e 1187 kanye bamba emzini Saladin;
• ekuqaleni kwekhulu nantathu (ukubhujiswa kanye nokubuyiselwa amaMamluk);
• kabusha phakathi nekhulu-nesithupha, le sultans yoMbuso WaseTurkey.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke iminyaka emine lapho eJerusalema isingathwe abaseTurkey, Umbhoshongo KaDavide udwetshwe ngombala ngaphansi kokuhlolisisa yabo. Zonke ngesikhathi yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo emabhalekisini a amakhanda ambalwa, lapha Yakhiwa minaret futhi mosque. Baye basinda kulokho kuze kube namuhla.

Citadel e zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwaphawulwa obhekwe insimu British eJerusalema. Ayebusa kule nsimu kuze ngonyaka wamashumi amane nesishiyagalombili. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lenqaba kwaba yizinsuku ezivelele: kabusha isakhiwo, endaweni ezungezile sasiyindawo ukusebenza eziningi amaqembu ahlukahlukene zomculo.

Esikhathini kwamashumi amahlanu, umbhoshongo lasendulo ngasibuyisela isimo sayo njengomholi isakhiwo zokuzivikela, kodwa ngonyaka ayisithupha nesikhombisa leminyaka elidlule, leso besele yaphenduka indawo zamasiko nezomlando okuyinto ijabulela ithandwa enkulu phakathi izivakashi uyeza eJerusalema.

Ukuguqulwa inqaba ibe Museum

Eighties kwekhulu elidlule esizeni enqabeni kwakukhona Museum "Tower kaDavide", okuyinto wembula wonke umlando eJerusalema kusukela lasungulwa. Lezi zivakashi zibe yakho uyiqhamukela ngasohlangothini, izakhiwo, imidwebo kanye okutholwe ngemivubukulo efakwe zonke eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezine komuzi.

Izivakashi eJerusalema ungakwazi ukukhuphuka okuvimbezela futhi ujabulele kokutholakala ukubukwa entsha ye Old Town. panorama enjalo kunzima ukuthola ikuphi, ngoba lapha kuphela endaweni kuyabonakala shazi.

Eminyakeni yamuva, ethandwa kakhulu laser show, okuyinto ukusakaza ezindongeni lombhoshongo. Izifundo mlando ehlukahlukene emlandweni eJerusalema. Ukuze ubone lo mbukwane emangalisayo ezimibalabala, ezindongeni enqabeni, izivakashi zivela kuwo wonke umuzi.

Indlela ukuya Tower kaDavide

Incazelo Izikhangibavakashi - kuyigxathu. Njengoba isisho sibonisa, kangcono ukubona kanye kuka ukuzwa kayikhulu. Futhi bheka, udinga zifika ngokuphazima kweso endaweni. Museum itholakala engxenyeni ephakathi edolobheni, kulula ukufinyelela by ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Ukuze eMbhoshongweni Ka uDavida imizila emibili ibhasi - amabili kanye sixtieth.

Khumbula ukuthi Museum ivulwa yelishumi ekuseni kuze ngehora ezinhlanu kusihlwa (ngeSonto - ngoLwesine). ULwesihlanu ubhekwa zingancishiswa ntambama, umsebenzi ihlala kufika emahoreni amabili ngosuku. Imali entry ingeqi amashekeli angamashumi amathathu (ngesilinganiso exchange phezu minyaka eyishumi ezinsukwini Juni 2017 1 ishekeli = 16.77 ruble).

Uma ufuna ujabulele laser show ke uzilungiselele ukukhokhela omunye angamashumi amahlanu nanhlanu. Ukusebenza ihlala ngehora elilodwa futhi ngokuvamile iqala ngo eziyisishiyagalombili kusihlwa.