Umuthi 'Mikosist ": ukubuyekezwa, analogue, intengo. Izidakamizwa "Mikosist": yokusetshenziswa

Izidakamizwa "Mikosist" imfundo manual ichaza njengenhlangano agent antifungal. Isithako asebenzayo zomuthi izenzo fluconazole - a inhibitor ukukhetha sterol zamagama kumaseli fungal. It suppresses the human cytochrome uhlelo P450 akusho abonise umsebenzi androgenic, kuyaphumelela maqondana Amagciwane of mycosis.

Pharmacokinetics

Ngemva nomuthi wetemlomo nobe emthanjeni "Mikosist" (umsebenzisi ibonisa ukuthi leli) sibalelwa uketshezi lomzimba nezicubu. Ngo isikhwehlela, uketshezi peritoneal futhi articular, ngamathe, ubisi lwebele izidakamizwa lokuhlushwa elifana nalelo lokuzuziwe oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. Okuqukethwe i-fluconazole ku cerebrospinal fluid in iziguli fungal meningitis kuba amaphesenti lokuhlushwa e-plasma okuyinto yena, ngokuqondile wakhona umthamo ayisishiyagalombili. Lapho isicelo kanye-nsuku zonke ukuze usuku lesine kuya kwelesihlanu amaphesenti angu-90 kufinyelelwa lokuhlushwa zilingana. Uma ngosuku lokuqala ukuba athathe umthamo okweqa evamile izikhathi ezimbili, ungaba ngosuku lwesibili ukufinyelela angu-90 ekuqongeleleni zilingana. Eleven ukuze nambili amaphesenti bophezela fluconazole ukuze plasma amaprotheni. Ngo-peripheral igazi metabolites kungukuthi itholiwe. Pharmacokinetics kuncike ngokuyisisekelo izinso, ngoba izidakamizwa excreted ikakhulu ubonisa kubo, futhi mayelana ayisishiyagalombili amaphesenti - zinjalo. Phakathi namahora angu-amathathu zelashwe emakamu lomcebo asebenzayo-plasma kuyehla ngesigamu.

izinkomba ngoba

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa "Mikosist" inkwethu, kuhlanganise generalized, eqonda, zangasese, lapho nezinye izinhlobo koda Candida ukutheleleka, candidemia, futhi khona izinto cishe kunikela ukuvela thrush. eboniswe Futhi kuyinto ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nabantu mucosal candidiasis: pharynx; candidiasis temlomo kuhlanganise atrophic, okuvela egqoke amazinyo; emphinjeni. Medicine "Mikosist" imfundo manual incoma zaphathwa iziguli abane-cryptococcal meningitis noma sepsis, cryptococcosis, ukutheleleka cryptococcal kwesikhumba noma emaphashini. Wabuye isicelo nokuvimbela Ukuphinda yalezi kwezinso in iziguli AIDS nakwamanye amacala immunodeficiency. Imithi esetshenziswa ukuze avimbele izifo fungal kubantu ngamathumba abulalayo, uchayeke ngenxa ngemisebe noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukunqoba idatha. Futhi, lesi sidakamizwa "Mikosist" lisetshenziswa ekwelapheni fungal izifo imbilapho kanye esifubeni, mycoses ezijulile sendawo, kuhlanganise paracoccidioidomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis in iziguli izinhlelo ezivamile mzimba.

I ngomthamo ifomu, emabhokisini Ukwakheka

amafomu amabili umthamo nomuthi has "Mikosist": Amaphilisi futhi isixazululo ukumnika. Amaphilisi Abonayo zenziwa eliqukethe u-50, 100 kanye 150 amamiligremu angaba fluconazole. Bonke bangabangasokile gelatin kanzima, nge umzimba opaque ezimhlophe, futhi kuhluke kuphela umbala zamabhodlela: Amaphilisi y eliqukethe u-50 angu isithako esisebenzayo, ukukhanya cap blue angu 100 - oluluhlaza, 150 angu - blue. Okuqukethwe mass oluyimpuphu okuqinile noma elimhlophe (cishe white) powder. izithako Isesekeli isinyathelo magnesium stearate, anhydrous lactose, colloidal Silicon dioxide, talc, ama-titanium dioxide, corn isitashi, gelatin, indigo carmine. Amaphilisi Abonayo eliqukethe u-50 no-100 mg-fluconazole, imakethwa e amaphakheji ne kunye, kubili, amabhamuza ezine, izingcezu ayisikhombisa ngalinye. Futhi labo aqukethe 150 angu isithako esisebenzayo - yizicucu elilodwa noma amabili.

isixazululo ukumnika ine uhlobo ketshezi esobala, kungekho nto enemibala emihle noma ezinemibala kancane. Omunye equkethwe angu ezimbili ngemililitha we ketshezi esebenzayo ngayinye. Izingxenye yesibili kukhona amanzi umjovo kanye sodium chloride. isixazululo kwabiwa ngezinkulumo ingilazi ngeZitsha namamililitha engamakhulu afakwe amakhadibhodi amabhokisi. Omunye iphakethe iqukethe okukodwa isitsha.

Indlela "Mikosist"? Isikali

Umthamo kokujwayelekile fluconazole e ukutheleleka cryptococcal usuku lokuqala lokwelashwa, 400 mg, ezinsukwini ezilandelayo - 200-400 angu. Isikhathi yokwelapha kuncike waqinisekisa cwaningo mycological ka kusebenta sokucindezeleka, ngokuvamile angaphezu kwayisithupha - esingamasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Ngo-cryptococcal meningitis usebenzise imithi "Mikosist" yokusetshenziswa Kunconywa eziyishumi - amasonto nambili emva yi Sasenza izifundo amasampula engakhi cerebrospinal fluid. iziguli AIDS emva kokuphothulwa ukwelashwa kokuqala kuboniswa nokuvimbela yokuphindela cryptococcal meningitis isikhathi eside reception kusho "Mikosist" umthamo hhayi ngaphansi kuka ezingamakhulu amabili angu ngosuku.

In iziguli candidiasis eqonda, candidemia nezinye koda Candida izifo, ngokuvamile ngosuku lokuqala ukuthatha angu ezine zomuthi, futhi ezinsukwini ezayo ezimbalwa - angu angamakhulu amabili nsuku zonke. Endabeni ka ezinzima letindzala imvubelo umthamo kungase kukhule ku angu ngosuku emakhulu asibhozo. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhutshwe okungenani amaviki amabili ngemva ukuqedwa izimpawu nokuthola engeyinhle igazi isiko. Uma candidiasis oropharyngeal, kuhlanganise in iziguli amasosha omzimba kahle, izidakamizwa umthamo ngelanga kuyinto amahlanu - eziyikhulu namashumi angu, balithathe ukuba inkathi eziyisikhombisa - izinsuku eziyishumi nane. Ngo candidosis atrophic okubangelwa egqoke okufakelwa ngokuvamile ebekiwe engayitholi nsuku angu amahlanu izidakamizwa lihambisana isinqandakuvunda. Ukwelashwa baqhubeka amasonto amabili. Ukuze uthole ezinye Candida izifo (candiduria, esophagitis, isikhumba kanye mucosal candidiasis) umthamo wansuku zonke imithi amahlanu - eziyikhulu angu, ayikho indlela yokuyelapha nane - amathathu izinsuku.

Ukuze kuqedwe lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane candidiasis nomuthi "Mikosist" imfundo manual ekhombisa zamukele singly e isamba 150 angu. Kungaba for ezine - izinyanga eziyishumi nambili kanye ngenyanga ukuphuza capsule eyodwa (150 mg) ukunciphisa imvamisa ukwehluleka kwesikhashana. Ngokuvamile engabelwe candidiasis ngaphezu izidakamizwa "Mikosist" amakhandlela, isibonelo, "Terzhinan", "Clione-D", "Ginezol". Kuye ngezinga of ingozi yokutheleleka fungal, nokuvimbela candidiasis umthamo nsuku zonke letiphakanyisiwe zomuthi ziyahlukahluka kusuka amahlanu angu anamakhulu mane.

Endabeni mycoses ezijulile sendawo kungase kudingeke uthathe isidakamizwa ngesikhathi umthamo ezingamakhulu amabili - angu anamakhulu mane ngosuku iminyaka emibili. Isikhathi ukwelashwa incike ngabanye kanye isithombe emtholampilo: nge coccidioidomycosis, kungaba isukela nanye izinyanga ezingamashumi amabili nane, paracoccidioidomycosis - ezimbili kuya nesikhombisa izinyanga, histoplasmosis - kwemithathu kuya nesikhombisa izinyanga.

imithetho isicelo

Intravenous ukuvuza ukulungiselela kufanele sinikezwe ngesilinganiso ezingekho ngaphezu amabili namamililitha ngomzuzu. Asikho isidingo ukushintsha umthamo wansuku zonke uma udlulisa iziguli ezivela emthanjeni imithi ngomlomo. A isixazululo ukumnika iyahambisana dvadtsatiprotsentnym isixazululo glucose; izixazululo Hartman futhi Iringa; Isixazululo sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium chloride endaweni glucose, i-sodium chloride (0.9%). Ukumnika esiyolandelwa usebenzisa abavamile kits fluconazole ngoba igazi, usebenzisa eyodwa izixazululo ezilandelayo.

side effects

Iningi leziguli abaphuza umuthi "Izibuyekezo Mikosist 'ngakho eshiya ezinhle. Izidakamizwa empeleni ngempumelelo aqede izifo fungal kodwa kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Ngakho, kusukela uhlelo kokudla ingozi isicanucanu, ukubuyisa, ukuqothuka kwezinwele okungavamile kuphelile isibindi umsebenzi, izinkinga izinzwa zokunambitha, uhudo. Futhi, abanye abantu ubheke okuvela kuyo ikhanda, ukuquleka, isiyezi. Bathi ukuthi izenzakalo ezinjalo wazithatha ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthatha izidakamizwa, "Mikosist". Uphenyo ezinye iziguli aqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa yokwelapha izidakamizwa yokungezwani komzimba ngendlela i-erythema, amawala, angioedema, urticaria. Phakathi kwezinye imiphumela engemihle engase kufanele Alopecia, fibrillation ventricular, kahle izinso umsebenzi, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, futhi hypokalemia kuphawulwe.

Izimo

Ngesimo amaphilisi akufanele ebekiwe imithi izingane ezingaphansi kweziyisithupha ubudala (izinsana ivunyelwe ukuthi isebenzise uhlelo izidakamizwa ngesimo isixazululo ukumnika). Ungayisebenzisi le izidakamizwa "Mikosist" lactating abesifazane (abesifazane abakhulelwe kudingeka babela it ngokunakekela), kanye nabantu sensitivity high ukuze izithako kufakwe kwengoma. Nge isidingo anda ukusebenzisa ngokuqapha iziguli kwezinso esingamahlalakhona / hepatic, ukungabekezeleli acetylsalicylic acid.

ukweqisa izidakamizwa

"Mikosist" ibhalwe amacala izidakamizwa ukweqisa izidakamizwa. Izibuyekezo zabantu abaphuza umuthi ngemithamo ngokweqile, abonisa ukuthuthukiswa nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kukhona ukubukeka sokuwa ukuziphatha paranoid, ukusangana. Umuntu zikhala ukweqisa izidakamizwa kufanele uyiswe esibhedlela, lapho lavage esiswini zizokwenziwa kuye, isebenzisa umshini wezinso, diuresis ophoqelelwe, ukwelashwa lingaze.

"Mikosist" noma "i-fluconazole": okuyinto engcono?

Ngakho umbuzo evame ukubuzwa yiziguli. Eqinisweni, kokubili izidakamizwa ziyafana, singasho ukuthi ayafana yini. Umahluko owokuthi ukuthi izidakamizwa "Mikosist" kwenza inkampani Hungarian eyenza imithi "Gédéon Richter", kuyilapho "fluconazole" - ukulungiswa production ezifuywayo. Yiqiniso, lokhu kunomthelela oqonde ngqo ku izindleko nemithi. Ukukhetha lokho ukuthenga - "Mikosist" noma "i-fluconazole" - abaningi bakhetha izidakamizwa, okuyinto eshibhile. Ngempela, umehluko okukhulu intengo. Ngakho-ke, isembozo "Mikosista" (owodwa capsule equkethe 150 amamiligremu angaba fluconazole) kufanele akhokhe ngokwesilinganiso ruble angu-295, kanti iphakethe efanayo "fluconazole" izindleko ruble 8-20 kuphela. Intengo isilinganiso ibhodlela 100 ml isixazululo ukumnika "Mikosist" kuyinto ruble 311.

Ngokuqondene izakhiwo kwemithi imithi emibili, baze cishe ezifanayo, umehluko kungabonwa ngaphandle ukuthi izinga ukumuncwa: ngokuvumelana idatha etholakalayo, emakamu esiphezulu emzimbeni "fluconazole" litholakala emva 1-2 amahora emva isicelo, futhi "Mikosista" - 0.5 amahora -1,5. Nokho, akubona bonke iziguli aphendule imithi emibili ngokulinganayo. Ezinye ungaboni mehluko phakathi kwabo, kuyilapho yokugcina bakholelwa ukuthi izinga incike intengo, okusho ukuthi umuthi kuyabiza, ngcono. Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukuthola izibuyekezo lapho abesifazane bathi ngemva kokuphila isikhathi ukuthatha "fluconazole" inkwethu zabuya, kodwa "Mikosist" bavunyelwe ayibulale unomphela. Kunoma ikuphi, isinqumo ngesakho.

analogs

Ngaphezu "fluconazole", kukhona eminye imithi ukuthi Ungashintshanisa izidakamizwa "Mikosist". Analogs nomuthi kokuba isithako njengelisebenzayo athi unesimo esifana, ivezwa kahle. Ngesimo amaphilisi for ekwelapheni imvubelo kanye nezinye izifo fungal, ungasebenzisa "Diflucan" izidakamizwa "Flucostat", "mikomaks" nabanye. Indlela ephumelelayo kuyinto "Mikoflyukan" (amaphilisi). "Mikosist" kuzo zonke lezi analogs ezahlukene by izinkomba ezifana bioavailability, isigamu-nokuphila, ngesilinganiso ukumuncwa.

izidakamizwa ekuhlanganyeleni

Kuyadingeka ukuqapha ngokucophelela isikhathi prothrombin e seziguli ezithola fluconazole kanye engaqondile anticoagulants coumarin iqembu, ngoba kukhona ingozi okwandisa VWP. Lapho concomitantly nge sulfonylureas izidakamizwa "Mikosist" ingelula isikhathi isigamu-ukuphila kwabo, ngakho udinga ukucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka abe kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela. Endabeni fluconazole futhi phenytoin ukwabelana may degree emtholampilo abalulekile nesanda emakamu zokugcina, ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo kuhlanganiswe ethola umthamo kumele kungancipha. Bekanye ukuvuma kusho "Mikosist" futhi rifampicin uzobe ukwehla lokuhlushwa i-fluconazole imakwe ke ulapha "Mikosista" kudingeka ukwandisa. Ukusetshenziswa ahlangene i esuselwe azole nge nomuthi lihambisana terenadinom contraindicated, njengoba ingaqala ezinzima, arrhythmia ezisongela ukuphila. Uma uthatha imithi "Mikosist" kanye cisapride, engaveza ukusabela engathandeki ingxenye inhliziyo, kuhlanganise tachycardia ventricular. Nge ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa fluconazole futhi theophylline encishisiwe isilinganiso imvume izinga kusuka plasma yegazi zokugcina, ngakho kwandisa amathuba ukuthuthukiswa imiphumela yayo esinobuthi yokweqisa.

Izixwayiso

Kufanele uqhubeke nokwelashwa nge "Mikosist" kuze kube ngukuthethelelwa emitholampilo hematological. ukuqedwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi yokwelapha igcwele ngangibuye ngihluleke. Njengoba sekushiwo, iziguli ezinemishini esingamahlalakhona kwezinso kufanele usebenzise izidakamizwa ngokuqapha esiphezulu, ngoba excreted ngokuyinhloko izinso. Isikali ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa wesikhathi eside kufanele kwenziwe, ikhumbula CC. Ngezikhathi ezithile fluconazole kuhilela imiphumela anobuthi kwesibindi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ukuqapha ukusebenza walo mzimba. Phezu ukuthola izilonda izimpawu kufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi.

Iziguli ezelashelwa isizinda "Mikosist" kusho kwaba ozibone ezingavamile exfoliative ukusabela cutaneous, ezifana anobuthi epidermal necrolysis futhi Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Iziguli neoplasms okubulalayo nokuhlala AIDS nivame ukuvela isikhumba ukusabela kabi komzimba uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo equkethe i-fluconazole. Uma ngesikhathi ekwelapheni olukha phezulu ukutheleleka fungal ukuqubuka livela, izidakamizwa ufuna ukukhansela. Uma uhlangabezana ekuxhamazeleni abantu koda noma letindzala ukutheleleka fungal udokotela kufanele kuqinise kweso ukwesula izidakamizwa kwenzeka ozokhula erythema multiforme, noma izilonda bullous. Phakathi ukwelashwa, imithi "Mikosist" (izibuyekezo siliqinisekise) kungadala isiyezi, ngakho iziguli kudingeka baqaphele ngokukhethekile lapho esebenza inqubo nokuphathwa kwezimoto.