Amazwe okuqondene EU. Umlando European Union

1951 kwaba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukeni a ubudlelwane ngokuyinhloko entsha kwezomnotho phakathi emazweni amaningana aseYurophu. Kulo nyaka wazalwa omunye wemisebenzi kwezomnotho impumelelo. Sikhuluma-European Economic Community. Ekuqaleni kwaba inyunyana kunalokho elincane, lelo ine ubulungu aseYurophu eziyisithupha kuphela. Bakhandwa kahle athuthukile lizwe nge umnotho ozinzile futhi amathemba esihle sesikhathi esizayo.

EJalimane, eFrance, iNetherlands, iBelgium, Italy kanye Luxembourg - emazweni angamalungu e-EU, babengamaphayona ubuhlobo entsha yezombusazwe nezomnotho emphakathini womhlaba. Empeleni, kwaba ukubuyekeza lekusasa inyunyana kwezomnotho. Ngo-1951, i-ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho entsha Western Europe lenziwe. Qala yephrojekthi ye emazweni athuthukile ngesikhathi kwaphumelela kangangokuthi ososayensi kanye zezomnotho ngokubheka izinto esezidlulile empilweni ukuthi ngenkathi esukela ku 50s sekwephuzile kuya maphakathi no-70s ngokuthi "yokuchuma" emphilweni European Community.

Lokhu countdown EU baqala ukuvela ngo-1957, ngoba kulapho Isivumelwano esasayinwa ku ukusungulwa uhlobo olusha ngokuphelele of ubudlelwano - European Economic Community. Amazwe e-EU kwahluka ukukhula olukhulu kwezomnotho. Libuye isici ukuthi intuthuko eqhubekayo ebonwe engu-15 elandelayo.

Amazwe okuqondene EU, uma abantu babo nge okusezingeni eliphezulu lokube nawo ezingeni lekuphila ngenxa yokuthi inhlangano entsha ngokucacile imigomo isethi futhi eyisebenzisa ilandelane ezithile, futhi ngempela ngempumelelo. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka lokuqala (iminyaka 50-70), lokhu kuyimpumelelo enkulu is dalo of emakethe yimpumelelo ezivamile wezolimo. United Kingdom, i-Ireland Denmark ukwelekelela izethulo zabo ngenhla uhlu ngo-1973.

Yini kwaba - isimangaliso kwezomnotho noma wacabanga Inqubomgomo olinganiselayo uthi? Kunalokho, lona wamuva, njengoba amazwe angamalungu e-EU, wanquma ngokushesha, imibuzo eminingi ngenxa yokuthi ukuqinisekisa ukuhweba ngempumelelo ngaphakathi Union. Banduluka imingcele ukunyakaza dolobha, abantu kanye nezinsizakalo, wasungula ejwayelekile yenqubomgomo ku ezokuthutha kanye nezolimo, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, lwahlangana uhlelo intela.

Ekuqaleni, emazweni angaphansi kwe-European Union, ukhululiwe futhi ngempumelelo ukusebenza umgomo ukwakha zithenga izimpahla dolobha, kanye wahlela ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo abasebenzayo ezonini EU. Union States ukuqinisekisa ngezinga eliphezulu ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, ezinzile ubudlelwane yemali kanye nezezimali, nokubambisana yobuntu, inqubomgomo angaphandle olinganiselayo, kanye nokuphepha kwamazwe amalungu enyunyana.

Ngokomlando thi okwakubaluleke ngokufanayo ngonyaka 1967 lapho Union wadala ngaphakathi kwakungamadodana izikhungo main zomthetho: i-European Commission, ePhalamende, uMkhandlu kanye neNkantolo. Lo mcimbi olandelayo kwaba lapho kwemukelwa khona ingxenye Greece ngo-1981. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ingxabano, okuyinto kwabangelwa ukungafani emnothweni ngesiGreki kanye nezinga kulawo mazwe ukuthi beniyingxenye Union isikhathi eside. Amazwe ngaphandle EU ngaleso sikhathi kwadingeka lelisetulu intuthuko yomnotho. ukubusa Greece kwaholela eziningana nobunzima futhi ukulahlekelwa.

Ngo-1986, emazweni angaphansi kwe-European Union bezingaphansi ku ezimbili uthi mkhulu ngoba wokukhushulwa eSpain nasePortugal. A indima enkulu ekwakheni ikusasa EU kudlalwa iSivumelwano SaseMaastricht, esasayinwa ngo-February 1992. Amazwe okuqondene European Union, ngalesi sikhathi kwadingeka zezikhulu zayo amalungu angaphezu kuka-15. Ngo okufanayo ibhange olulodwa aseYurophu ngohlobo imibuso emikhulu kanye ilungelo lokubuyiswa lwemali olulodwa yadalwa.

Ngo-January 1 1995 EU kuhlanganisa enjalo emazweni eziphambili njengoba Finland, Austria naseSweden. I-Amsterdam Treaty iqukethe uhlelo oluthize ukunwetshwa European Union ngo-June 1997, kwakudingeka ahambe esikhathini eside amazwe naseYurophu eMaphakathi neseMpumalanga. Loluhlelo, kanye bonke abanye, umfelandawonye kwenziwe ngokuthi "omuhle kakhulu", kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sibhekene nezinkinga zomnotho ezengeziwe.

Ngo-2004, e-Commonwealth langena isimo: Hungary, iLatvia, iLithuania, Cyprus, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Czech Republic nase-Estonia. Kwaba ukunqoba eziseMpumalanga Yurophu. Wathola wakhe ithuba ujoyine isakhiwo kwezomnotho yimpumelelo European, nabakhileyo kula mazwe baye bathuthela, amazinga amasha kangcono eziphilayo.

Ngo-2007, i-EU yokutholwa zezikhulu zayo Romania futhi Bulgaria.

Yini EU namuhla? Lokhu ezomnotho international, okuyinto namanje ezisebenza ngempumelelo, futhi singene ke iphupho yamazwe amaningi. Ngu zonke izinkomba - Yiqiniso, inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe, ngisho nemisebenzi isimo. Nokho, ngobuchwepheshe kuba - nje umfelandawonye, + kodwa lowo unelungelo eligcwele iqhaza ukuhlanganiswa lwebudlelwane nemave emhlaba, kanye nethonya layo likhula minyaka yonke. Ngokungangabazeki, EU kuyinto sokunconywa e ukuthi uyakwazi ukuletha ukuthula okuhlala njalo, ukuchuma nokuzola ngezinga e-Europe.