Urea egazini. Uphakamisa uphinde wehlise okuqukethwe

Urea is kuhlelwe inqubo neutralization ammonia esibindini. Kumiswa It is e ukusabela amino acid deamination. Urea iphathelene compounds of ongaphakeme isisindo yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo. It has ikhono kudlule ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa cell ulwelwesi zama-erythrocyte futhi parenchymal izitho. urea kusukela filtration igazi kwenzeka glomeruli. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo reabsorption yayo enkulu (yokwenziwa) Kwenziwa ku tubules.

Urea igazi ugxilisa ngokuvumelana synthesis glomerular filtration isilinganiso kanye perfusion kwezinso.

Le ngxube has ubuthi ongaphakeme, kodwa ubuthi guanidine nemikhiqizo ifa potassium ion buthelela nalo. Urea futhi nemiyo osmotically esebenzayo ngakho uma ephawulwe ekuqongeleleni edema emisipheni kwezitho parenchymatous, myocardium, isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, izicubu ongama.

igazi urea (lokuhlushwa yayo plasma) Ibhekwa kube inkomba yokuthi kwezinso kudivayisi glomerular umsebenzi. Nokho, ukulinganisa esinembile wenziwa kokuqukethwe creatinine.

Ukwandisa urea kumiswa ebonwe ukusetshenziswa esiningi ngokweqile amaprotheni uthi catabolic, kanye ukumuncwa amaprotheni nama-amino acid ngemva ukopha kakhulu esiswini. Ukwandisa lokuhlushwa yayo ebonwe amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa lenyuka reabsorption ubukele izinso tubules.

Encishisiwe igazi urea (uketshezi olungenambala olusegazini) ngaphansi zokwenziwa hepatic umsebenzi sifo, kanye enganele amaprotheni eyanele. Okuqukethwe kwakwakhe serum kungase kwandise ngenxa yokwamukela izidakamizwa ngamunye. Le mishanguzo zihlanganisa Phenylbutazone, Ama-anabolic steroid, dopegit, yensimbi izakhamzimba, aldomet, izidakamizwa nephrotoxic.

Ukuncishiswa urea egazini kungase kubonise isifo sesibindi (ukusha kwesibindi, e kuhlanganise viral, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi izimila). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu umzimba kukhona ukwakheka kwakwakhe eziyisisekelo. Lapho ukuhlukumeza kwenzeka futhi ukukhiqizwa isibindi disorder urea. Kulokhu, lo ngezimpawu zesifo abanakwethenjwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ecacile neqondile. Izimpawu main kufanele sithathwe njengehlelo ubuthakathaka, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukukhathala, jaundice, nokubhamuka ebabayo, ukungakhululeki ku hypochondrium kwesokudla.

In izifo wokugaya ukudla, ephelezelwa malabsorption of amino acid akha amaprotheni esikhathini postoperative ezihlobene ukungenelela ngoba izifo emathunjini, pancreatitis ezingamahlalakhona, izifo yisinanakazana laphawula encishisiwe urea egazini. Ukwelashwa lokhu kumele sibhekiswe ekhuluma isifo ecashile. Njengomthetho, ngemva ukususa lesi sifo futhi ukuhlolwa kwesejwayelekile.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okuqukethwe enkompolo umchamo kunqunywa lokuhlushwa yayo egazini. Futhi uyakucabangela ngobungako filtration ku izinso.

Jwayelekile igazi urea kuyinto 2,8-8,3 mmol / l. Ngokuvamile, lapho inqubo evamile wamaprotheni umzimba, elikuqukethe kuyaqabukela okuqhubekisela ezingaphezu kuka 6 mmol / l. Uma kwenzeka kukhona ongaphakeme Ukudla amaprotheni, emakamu kwakwakhe kuyehla kube 2 mmol / ilitha.

Ukwandiswa urea egazini (ngokuvamile emakamu izikhathi eziningana izinkomba evamile engenhla), ngokuvamile uhambisana ukudakwa ezinzima, ngokuthi uremia. It yaphawula isimo ezifanayo isizinda lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

- kwezinso ukwehluleka ifomu acute;

- pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis;

- anuria (ukungabi khona umchamo syndrome, umuntu angenakho azikhulula);

- sikashukela;

- izimila noma concrements ku urethra noma ureter;

- ukusha;

- peritonitis;

- ukushaqeka;

- phenol elinobuthi, mercury nosawoti, chloroform;

- ukopha gastro-emathunjini.