Uxhumano electrical indlu yangasese. Kuphi? Ukwenza amadokhumenti

Ngemva ukwakhiwa emakhaya azo kufanele ubhekane eziningi nezinye izindaba ngaphezulu, enye yazo ukuxhumeka amandla grid ka indlu yangasese. Ayikho isakhiwo ayikwazi ifaneleka ngokugcwele zokuphila, uma kungekho ukushisa, ukukhanya namanzi, yingakho ngisho ngesikhathi sesigaba ukwakhiwa kufanele wabeka zonke izinhlobo Izinsiza encike ngqo uxhumano imizila zangaphandle.

Iningi enkingeni lapha ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi nje asazi kanjani wena yokuxhuma amandla grid ka indlu yangasese, ngokukhethekile, akubona bonke baqonde, lapho ncamashi kufanele iphathwe futhi yini imibhalo ukulungiselela bese uthumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ngempela ukuqonda ezingacacile isikhathi imisebenzi ehlukahlukene nokubaluleka kwayo Imininingwane Ngakho-ke, ukuba baphile ngokuphuza kwemizwa isikhulu njalo, kungcono ukubhekana ne lokho izenzo normative elawula inhlangano nokuziphatha imisebenzi enjalo.

Yini odinga ukuyazi?

Ngaphandle kokuya imininingwane yendlela uxhumano kagesi indlu yangasese, okuzokwenza ukuba bakwazi ukuqonda kongoti bolwazi kuphela, singabona izinto ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo okufanele zikhunjulwe yimuphi umthengi abavamile onquma ukuxhuma emaphakathi ugesi.

Zonke izici zalesi Inqubo zinikwa imininingwane inombolo Regulation 861, kugunyazwe uhulumeni ngo-2007. Ikakhulukazi, kukhona ngokwanele wathi ngayo kufanele kwenziwe ukuxhumana amandla grid ka indlu yangasese, ngokukhethekile, ezibhekwa ubuchwepheshe inqubo. Ukuze nokuqala ukusabalalisa inkampani kumelwe siphethe nomnikazi isivumelwano esikhethekile, owawuthi ukulethwa oyokwenziwa yamandla, bese-ke kufanele kube ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unethuba okwamanje.

Ngaphambi ufuna amapayipi ifoni, kufanele ugcine engqondweni ukuthi lo mthetho usebenza kuphela uma isamba wonke amadivaysi kagesi ukufakwa ekhaya lakho, musa kudle engaphezu kwengu-15 kW, njengoba kulolu hlu zenziwa futhi yimuphi "izinto" okuyinto sesivele exhunywe kwi leli phuzu lokunamathelisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mbuso lingafika ku 20 kW, uma imingcele kusayithi lakho eseduze uxhumano iphuzu emgceni locondzile:

• amamitha kungekho kuka-500 ezindaweni zasemakhaya;
• amamitha akukho kuka 300 ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.

Kuphi ngisebenzisa?

Ukuze uqalise uzodinga ukwazi amandla efoni, okuyinto waziphatha ugesi endaweni yangakini. Indlela elula yokuthola lolu lwazi - ubheke omakhelwane noma ukubiza ekuphathweni wendawo.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi indawo okusetshenzwa kuyo ezindaweni emngceleni wama umthwalo basakaza abahlinzeki ezimbili. Kulokhu, ukuxhuma ekhaya lakho kuyomelwe awathwale inkampani lapho izinto (substation, izingongolo noma impahla ezinye) wena abaseduze.

Indlela ukukwenza?

Ukuze uxhume epulazini noma ezinye izinhlobo impahla oyimfihlo amapayipi, uzodinga ukukhipha isitatimende ku yokumba efanele, futhi ucacise okulandelayo kuwo:

• idatha iphasiphothi. Linikeza ubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isingeniso kwabo iyiphi enye idokhumenti efakazela ubuwena (isibonelo, kusuka kwesokudla), kodwa kungcono ukuba uvumelane kusengaphambili nenkampani yakho.
• I ngqo nekheli luhlobo okuzokwenziwa ixhunywe kwinethiwekhi supply. Ngokwesibonelo, ungacacisa ikheli esiqondile lapho indlu ezweni lakho
• Uhla oluphelele lolwazi amadivayisi ezokwenza ukuxhuma, kanye umthamo wabo Imininingwane e "kW".
• Lusuku lekutawentiwa ngalo ohlela ukuqedela ukuklanywa wasungula imishini axhunyiwe. Lolu lwazi kungenziwa ebalulwe ukufakwa noma ukuklanywa inkampani.

imibhalo eyengeziwe

Ngaphezu isicelo, inkampani ugesi ingadinga ukuthi uhlu amadokhumende, okuyilezi:

• Passport noma yimuphi omunye umbhalo okukhulunywa ngayo isicelo.
• Isitifiketi esiqinisekisa ilungelo lakho ubunikazi yendlu.
• inombolo kamazisi.
• umthwalo ukubala.
• Uhla oluphelele lolwazi wonke amadivaysi ukuthi uyangena ukuxhuma amandla supply, kuhlanganise inkomba amandla ngamunye wabo.
• Itulo Iphethini, elibonisa zonke izindawo lapho izinto axhunyiwe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi leli cebo kufanele evezwe hhayi kuphela indawo yendlu, kodwa futhi icebo eduze, okuyinto into ethile, futhi lapho kuyoba inqubo uxhumano. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze linqume kude kangakanani imingcele bomhlaba yakho amandla eqondile into.

Uma Element dokhumenti wahlanganyela intokozo kungeyena umnikazi, futhi nommeleli wakhe, ugesi inkampani kumele athole amandla ommeli nayo eqinisekisiwe ehhovisi okukhethekile pre-ummeli olungisa izivumelwano sika. Ngesisekelo lolu hlelo lokusebenza wabe eseya Ukukhishwa izimo lobuchwepheshe, okuzokwenziwa akhiwa iphrojekthi.

Imibandela

Ukubeka ugesi endlini kuhlanganisa eziningi izigaba ezahlukene, ngamunye enikeza isikhathi esithile, okuyilezi:

• Ukukhishwa izimo lobuchwepheshe - akukho wenyanga eyodwa.
• Uxhumano Kwenziwa ngesisekelo isicelo okufakiwe - angaphezu kwayisithupha izinyanga kusuka ngesikhathi inkontileka kwaphethwa ngokuthi nenhlangano. Leli gama sihlanganisa kubekwa ephelele ukuxhumana ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ikhebula uma uxhuma kusuka esiteshini esincane sikagesi, kanti ukufakwa okuthunyelwe olwengeziwe, uma indaba yakho isetshenziswa uxhumano emoyeni.
• Ukuze afeze imisebenzi inhlangano ahlukahlukene ezihlobene uxhumano yazo zonke impahla edingekayo, unikezwa akukho izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi ibanga Imininingwane phakathi iphuzu uxhumano umkhawulo sidlula lesi ke kukhona angaphezu kwangu-300 noma ngisho 500 amamitha. Kulokhu, ukwakhiwa umhlinzeki umugqa has isikhathi esingaba iminyaka emibili, kodwa inkokhelo sokufeza yonke imisebenzi ngeke ibalwe ngokwendlela izinga ngabanye, okuyinto ngokulandelana, ephakeme ukwedlula standard. Ngesicelo ikhasimende Ingasheshisa ukwethulwa ugesi endlini, kodwa wonke umsebenzi kuleli cala futhi kwenziwe kuphela ngezindleko zayo. Zonke lezi imibuzo engcono ziqondiswe umuntu ngamunye, njengoba inkampani ngayinye yenza izidingo zayo futhi izici namasevisi.

izindleko

Regional Electric Networks ayatholakala kuzo zonke izakhamizi Awukude ukuba abantu ngentengo hhayi ruble ezingaphezu kuka-550 ukuxhumana uma esewonke amandla ukusetshenziswa esingeqile 15 kW. Ngamanye amazwi, uma isicelo iqukethe umthamo ezingekho ngaphezulu kuka-15 kW, kulesi simo, akekho umuntu unelungelo ukuba zitshele zonke izinhlobo inkokhelo eyengeziwe kumnikazi.

Esimweni esinjalo, kusobala, akuzona njalo ngakho, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi inkampani, wobambiswano ophethe lesifunda amandla inethiwekhi, ngokuvumelana umninindlu ukuthi umsebenzi othile noma ezinye kuyodingeka bakhokhe ngokwehlukile. Kungase kube ezihlukahlukene izincazelo abukho - yinkimbinkimbi nanoma yiziphi izinqubo, libonisana ngesidingo sokwakha ngendlela izakhiwo ezengeziwe, ukwandisa amakhono kwezobuchwepheshe imishini efakwe futhi eziningi nezinye izimo. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi zonke lezi zinsolo emthethweni, futhi noma iyiphi inkinga enjalo asisebenzi uma ekhaya yakho ihlangabezana nezimfuneko, ukuthi usendaweni ilungelo iphuzu connection, futhi ingeqi amandla kushiwo.

Amacebo eziwusizo

Uma indaba yakho sidinga uxhumano angajwayelekile, uhlu kwemibhalo kungaba ushintsho oluthile. Ezinye izinhlangano ithuba ukushintsha iphakethe ejwayelekile kwemibhalo ezimweni ezejwayelekile, ngakho kungcono kakhulu ukuxoxa ngale ndaba njalo ngabanye. Njengengxenye umthetho wonke-Russian neziphathimandla zesifunda banelungelo lokwenza noma isiphi okwengeziwe ukuze afanele izimo zendawo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona imibhalo eminingi yeminyango ukuthi ukucacisa izikhundla ezahlukene.

Uma imishini, okubandakanya amakhaya wiring idayagramu kuya amapayipi, kodwa alutholakalanga ngaphakathi ngesikhathi esithile (okuyinto kwenzeka kaningi impela), namalungelo womnikazi ukubeka ukufaka isikhalazo esisemthethweni ngokugcwalisa ke ngokubhala. Noma kunjalo, akufanele athi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuthi kukhona abaningi siqonde izici zaso ezicashile, ngakho kungcono kakhulu ukuba acele ukusekelwa ummeli afanelekayo kule ndaba. Abanikezeli nabo inkontileka kuphothuliwe e uxhumano kungadala yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ezifana yokuntuleka ezezimali, izinkinga wetemisebenti nobe lomunye, kodwa eqinisweni abanakho maqondana nomnikazi. Ingabe isivumelwano ongazange sikhishwe ngenxa iphutha inkampani, nabameli abanolwazi ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukuqhuba ibhizinisi ukuze ekugcineni alulame isinxephezelo umonakalo zokuziphatha, okungase kwezinye izimo ngempela ehloniphekile.

Kungcono ukubhuka ngokuqondene iphrojekthi ye inkampani oyophatha inqubo uxhumano. Zonke izinhlangano ukuthi ningathwali uxhumano emthethweni, ngokuvamile awanelisekile ezihlobana yokuthi lezi zincwadi zibizwa akhiwa besithathu, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi ibuphi ubunzima esingase sibhekane ahlukahlukene. ochwepheshe Kuncono, uma uthanda, noma kunjalo, ukwazi ukuthola indlela "catch" engumshumayeli kulo mkhakha. Okungenani iyala iphepha efanayo enhlanganweni, uyokwazi ukulondoloza isikhathi sabo nezinzwa, uziphathe ngendlela ukuxoxisana njengoba ukubhala komuntu siqu kuyinto umuntu singenakwenzeka ngabe quibble.

Okungagunyaziwe ikhebula engena endlini igcwele nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Uma inhlangano efanele ukuba ingabonakala nokugxambukela, kuba, phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, kuzoveza ukuthi kahle eyasungulwa semali, kuzodingeka ukuthi akhokhele isikhathi eside.

Indlela ukuxhuma amandla kuleli zwe?

Uma ilungu olusemthethweni engenzi inzuzo ingadi inhlangano, lapho ukuhlangana kwanqunywa ukuxhuma "dacha ugesi", awamele esiyakuqokwa, abayoba izithakazelo wonke amalungu omphakathi ukubhekana indlela ukudweba uxhumano amandla grid ka ekhaya eyimfihlo ngamunye owayekhona.

Yini okufanele ayenze?

Ukuze uqale nge bakhonza uhlu oluphelele imibhalo, okuhlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Isicelo uxhumano amandla supply lobambiswano lwakho;
• uhlelo ebonisa ukuthi indawo noma yimaphi amandla abamukelayo isikimu okuqondene namalungu CNT;
• amakhophi amaphepha afanele eqinisekisa ubunikazi wesakhiwo ehlukahlukene izindlu;
• ikhophi isinqumo olusemthethweni nguMshicileli umhlangano jikelele CNT ukuze isivumelwano nenhlangano uxhumano zobuchwepheshe;
• ikhophi SNT we isimiso.

Ngemva kwalokho ezinsukwini ezingu-30 inhlangano inethiwekhi kumelwe ulungiselele futhi uthumele okusalungiswa lobuchwepheshe uxhumano sivumelwano futhi izimo lobuchwepheshe okumelwe ahlangabezane nazo kumakhasimende ngaphakathi endaweni yayo. Ukuba semthethweni isiyonke izimo lobuchwepheshe ukuze isicelo kufanele kube iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.

Uma zonke izimo yabhalwa ku uxhumano inkontileka zobuchwepheshe bathobelana ngokugcwele umtsetfo lokhona ke usihlalo kufanele ngemvume ke ezinsukwini ezilandelayo ezingu-30 ngokubuyela ikhophi ikheli inkampani yenethiwekhi. Uma kukhona abangafuni namazinga, kufanele uthumele ukwenqaba wabonisana ukusayina amaphepha lenhlangano inethiwekhi, okuyinto ke kuyodingeka izinsuku ezinhlanu ukuqeda amazwi angenhla.

Ngemva ukusayinwa yokugcina SNT inkontileka kumele enze konke lokhu Ukucaciswa. Ikakhulukazi, ngenxa amalungu omphakathi Kwenziwa ensimini ka ukwakhiwa kwe-substation transformer, zonke izinhlobo zikagesi nezinye izinto ezidingekayo, kuyilapho inkampani inethiwekhi uzobe wahlanganyela kule nhlangano umsebenzi CHT imingcele.

Amanani kulesi simo, indinganiso - akukho kuka 550 ruble ngayinye umhlanganyeli uma kuyoshiswa angaphansi kuka-15 kW. Into kuphela kufanele kuphawulwe kulesi simo - ilunga intengo ingqikithi uxhumano ngamunye zingandiswa futhi intengo nezindleko edingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe zikagesi ngaphakathi CHT, njengoba izibopho ezinkampani inethiwekhi ukwakhiwa okunjalo Ayibalwa.

Isikhathi Ukuhlanganiswa

Isikhathi ingqikithi inqubo uxhumano kufanele kusaba:

• izinyanga 6, uma isamba wonke amalungu CNT Uzodla akukho ngaphezu kuka-100 kW, kanye nebanga Imininingwane kusukela imingcele womphakathi izakhiwo eseduze lenhlangano inethiwekhi amamitha esingaphansi 300 ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni amamitha 500 ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
• ezingu-12, ngaphandle uma mibandela engenhla zifeziwe, kodwa jikelele power ukusetshenziswa lingaphansi kuka 750 kVA.
• izinyanga 24, uma inani amandla ukusetshenziswa ingaphezu 750 kVA. Kulokhu, uhlelo ukutshalwa inkampani inethiwekhi zingakhiqiza neminye imibandela uxhumano zobuchwepheshe, kodwa noma kunjalo kumele singeqi iminyaka emine.

Ngemva kwenqubo uxhumano Igridi Inkampani kufanele akhiphe futhi ukuletha umthengi isenzo delimiting ibhalansi amaqembu, kanye nezibopho zabo zokusebenza. Njengoba sihambisana nale dokhumenti enikeziwe isenzo ukuxhumeka zobuchwepheshe, nayo yonke imibhalo ikhishwa mahhala.

Lapho zonke emisebenzini ehlobene inqubo uxhumano zenziwa, SNT kuyodingeka isivumelwano nomphakeli zamandla.