Uyini asebenzayo imishini inethiwekhi?

Noma yimuphi inkampani yesimanje (isakhiwo ibhizinisi ihhovisi, mboni, inthanethi esitolo it.d.) isebenzisa i yayo imisebenzi inethiwekhi yekhompyutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma kukhona ama-computers amabili noma ngaphezulu ngakho-ke kulula ukudlulisa idatha kudingekile phakathi kwamadivayisi. Yiqiniso, eqala nokulawula uhlelo. umsebenzi okunjalo wemfanelo livele imishini inethiwekhi.

Hlobo luni imishini? Kuyinto iqoqo amadivayisi ezidingekayo ukuze ukusebenza inethiwekhi ehlelekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imizila, ukushintshwa, Izikhumulo, patch panel, nokunye. Lezi amadivayisi zihlukaniswe yekwentiwa imishini inethiwekhi. Namuhla ngifuna ngikuthi fahla fahla ifomu kuqala kuwe.

Ngakho, esebenzayo imishini inethiwekhi - amadivaysi ekhethekile electronic ukuthi babe izakhiwo ezithile "ukhaliphile". Ngokuyinhloko lezi zihlanganisa imizila (marshtutizatory) ne ukushintshwa.

A inkinobho kuyinto amanethiwekhi ngawo amakhompyutha idatha exchange omunye nomunye. Zisetshenziswa ukuxhuma kwesizinda inethiwekhi ukushayisana, kodwa futhi ukuvimbela ukulahleka kolwazi ngocansi. Lokhu imishini kunethiwekhi esebenzayo kokubili ephethwe nengaphethwe.

Engaphathwanga bahlinza isimiso, okuthiwa futhi algorithm amakheli lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Le divayisi ububi ephakama kusukela iqiniso lokuthi ethola ikheli iphakethe, okuyinto ayitholakali etafuleni ezifanele, kwakheka switch by isicelo ukusakaza, okuholela ukuqalisa phansi wesiteshi zokuxhumana kanti ngenxa yalokho ukwehla inethiwekhi ukusebenza. Futhi lenethiwekhi nakanjani ukuzilwela phakathi nokuhlasela yangaphakathi.

Ngokuphathelene ukushintsha ephethwe, imishini inethiwekhi ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ukwandisa ijubane ukuthumela ulwazi, kanye ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza inethiwekhi. Ngaphansi kokulawula kunethiwekhi yabo ine ezingeni lelisetulu Ukuvikelwa. Umsebenzi omningi usebenzisa ezingeni lesibili inethiwekhi OSI imodeli.

ukushintsha yomgudu asebevele besebenza olwesithathu ezingeni axis. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuze abasebenzise njengezipho umnyombo inethiwekhi. Kwezinye izimo, le amadivaysi okuthile Ungashintshanisa imizila.

Manje ake sixoxe ngalokho a router. Kuyinto nedivayisi esebenzayo inethiwekhi ukuthi usebenza olwesithathu OSI ezingeni. It iklanyelwe ukunikeza ukufinyelela kunethiwekhi yomhlaba zendawo Uhlela basakaza ibhizinisi inethiwekhi, enikeza ukufinyelela umsebenzi ngamunye ulwazi abaludingayo. Futhi ingasetshenziswa ukusungula izinhlelo zokuvikela ukuthi ukuvimba zangaphandle inethiwekhi nsada.

Nokho kukhona hardware zesikrini ezisetshenziswa phakathi amanethiwekhi. Zibizwa ngokuthi ama-firewall. Ingabe amaseva abazinikele lapho isofthiwe isifakiwe (Isistimu, Virtual Network eziyimfihlo firewall). Zinikeza nokuvikeleka inethiwekhi futhi Sinqanda ukufinyelela emininingwaneni izinsiza Inthanethi nge izinsongo.