Kungani udinga inkinobho ephethwe

Umgomo wamanethiwekhi ekhompuyutha ukuxhuma amadivaysi ahlukene (amakhompiyutha, amakhemikhali ) ohlelweni olulodwa esebenzisa izingxenye ezimbili kuphela zemishini: ama-routers kanye noshintsho. Ngenxa yamadivayisi anjalo, zonke izakhi zenethiwekhi zingathintana nomunye, kanye namanye amanethiwekhi. Ngaphandle, ukushintshwa nama-router kubonakala kufana, kepha benza imisebenzi ehlukile. Kulesi sihloko sizogxila emadivayisini okuqala, okungukuthi, ngefomu ehlukile njengenguquko ephethwe. Ngakho-ke, lawa madivayisi?

Inhloso nezinhlobo zokushintsha

Lawa madivayisi asetshenziselwa ukwakha amanethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esisodwa noma insimu ethile. Ama-switches axhuma amakhompyutha, amaseva, amaphrinta, amaskena, ngakho-ke ukudala inethiwekhi yezinsiza ezabelwana ngazo. Amadivaysi anjalo angasebenza njengabalawuli, okungukuthi, vumela izakhi ezahlukene ukunikeza ukufinyelela kolwazi, kanye nokuxhumana nabanye abahlanganyeli. Ngokunikeza ukufinyelela okunjalo kwedatha nokunika zonke izinsiza, kushintshela ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yonke.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi anjalo: alawulwa futhi alawulwa. Umsebenzi wokugcina ngokulandela uhlelo olujwayelekile. Umsebenzisi akakwazi ukwenza izinguquko kuwo. Ezingxenyeni zasekhaya kungokwezifiso ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo. Inkinobho ephethwe inikeza ukufinyelela kokuhlela. Ngenxa yale mfanelo, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwesistimu kuqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inkinobho ephethwe ingalungiswa futhi ihlolwe ukude noma endaweni yangakini ukuphatha ithrafikhi nokufinyelela kwinethiwekhi. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe lolu hlobo lwedivayisi.

I-Commutator ilawulwa: izici zobuchwepheshe

Amadivaysi anjalo akwazi ukusekela imisebenzi eminingi ehlukene yokwenza izinguquko kuzilungiselelo zethuluzi. Opharetha angakwazi ukuxhuma ucingo olulodwa lomshini kumshini bese usebenzisa umsebenzi we-CLI ukulungisa ukusebenza kwedivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuluzi lingalawulwa nge-SNMP, Telnet, i-SSL ne-SSH. Inkinobho ephethwe ingakwazi ukusekela imisebenzi ethuthukile (RSTP, MSTP, STP) uma kunezindlela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kwinethiwekhi (phakathi kwamadivayisi namakhompyutha). Uma umsebenzisi adinga ukwandisa izinga lokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, khona-ke ungakwazi ukumisa umsebenzi okhethekile 802.1 X, i-ACL. Ushintsho lohlobo oluphethwe, kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi, lungasekela ama-VLAN amaningi. Amadivayisi anjalo anganikeza ukuthembeka okuphezulu nokuzinza kwamanethiwekhi wekhompuyutha.

Isiphetho

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yenethiwekhi akumeli. Kulomkhakha, amadivayisi amasha ahlale ebonakala. Ezinye zazo zenzelwe ukwakha amanethiwekhi wekhompiyutha usebenzisa izintambo zethusi, nabanye - ngamanethiwekhi asekelwe ubuchwepheshe be-fiber-optic. Ngendlela efanayo, amadivayisi abhekwayo asathuthuka ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ungabona amanethiwekhi wekhompiyutha alawulwa inkinobho ephethwe yezinga 2 noma amazinga amathathu. Ukuthandwa kwemishini enjalo kungenxa yokusebenzisa i-computer, njengoba i-telephony, ithelevishini, i-Intanethi, ngisho namanethiwekhi asebhange manje ahlanganiswe ohlelweni olulodwa.