Uyini sclera: isakhiwo, imisebenzi, izifo

Iso lomuntu - umzimba ehlukile ongenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. It has a isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi lokho sclera nalokho lesi sifo esweni khona. Ukuze uqalise ukuqonda isakhiwo iso.

Uyini sclera

Sclera esweni - kuyinto udonga lwangaphandle yeso, okuyinto has a endaweni enkulu futhi ihlanganisa 5/6 okubonakalayo wonke surface body. Empeleni, kuba izicubu aminyene futhi opaque fibrous. The ukujiya kanye kwabantu sclera kwezinye izindawo akufani. Ngakho uhla ushintsho inkomba yokuqala udonga lwangaphandle kungenzeka 0.3-1 mm.

I olwelwesini sclera

Ngakho uyini sclera? Lolu hlobo izicubu lunemicu esakhiwa izingqimba eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu. Olwelwesini libizwa episcleral. Kukhona inani elikhulu yegazi ukunikeza izinga kwegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, olwelwesini is ngokuphepha exhunywe kwi-yangaphandle iso ingxenye capsule. Lona sici zako ezisemqoka.

Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi isitsha igazi sihamba kuya phambi umnyango optic umzimba ngokusebenzisa izicubu, engxenyeni engenhla olwelwesini lihlukile izingxenye sangaphakathi olunzulu liningi igazi.

I izingqimba ezijulile

I sclera kakhulu efanayo bahlanganisa ikakhulu fibroblasts collagen. Lezi zingxenye ezibalulekile kakhulu emzimbeni iyonke. Iqembu lokuqala izinto ibilokhu bahileleke inqubo ukukhiqizwa collagen, futhi ukuhlukana imicu zayo. Langaphakathi, ungqimba wokugcina izicubu wabiza "ipuleti brown." Iqukethe semali lo mbala elibangela lesi luhlaza ethize esweni.

Ukuze staining izingqimba ezifana ukuhlangabezana amaseli ezithile - chromatophores. Basuke eziqukethwe ungqimba kwangaphakathi inqwaba. ipuleti Brown ikakhulukazi siqukethe imicu mncane we sclera, kanye ukungcola okuncane ingxenye nokunwebeka. Ngaphandle lesi sendlalelo embozwe endothelium.

Zonke imithambo yegazi kanye kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa ise sclera, idlule amanxusa - iziteshi ekhethekile.

Yini

sclera imisebenzi zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Eyokuqala kungenxa yokuthi i- Imicu yotshani collagen kungukuthi ahlelwe ngendlela ehlelekile ngaphakathi izicubu. Ngenxa yalokhu, imisebe yokukhanya bamane nje abakwazi ukwenzela ukungena ngokusebenzisa sclera. Lokhu izicubu ivikela retina kusukela ukuchayeka esijulile ukukhanya kwelanga. Siyabonga kulesi sici, umuntu akwazi ukubona kahle. Lena injongo eyinhloko ye sclera.

Lokhu Indwangu yakhelwe ukuvikela amehlo nje kuphela kusukela ukukhanyisa okukhulu, kodwa nazo zonke izinhlobo ukulimala, okufaka eyabangani ngokomzimba futhi ezingalapheki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sclera ivikela izinhlaka umbono kusuka izici eziyingozi kwemvelo.

Futhi, kumelwe kuphawulwe omunye umsebenzi ngaphezulu nezicubu. Evamile, kungashiwo ngokuthi isidumbu. It sclera kuyinto ukwesekwa eliphezulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yasibamba okunokwethenjelwa isici nemisipha, imisipha, kanye nezinye izingxenye iso.

yesifo azalwa naso

Naphezu isakhiwo kahle elula, kukhona izifo kanye nezifo ze-sclera ezithile. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lokhu Indwangu wenza imisebenzi ebalulekile, futhi uma kwenzeka nganoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka siba sibi umsebenzi apharathasi ezibukwayo iyonke. Lesi sifo kunganciphisa acuity ezibukwayo kanye nemiphumela ungalungiseki. izifo scleral akuzona kuphela kokuzalwa, kodwa ngenxa ezishukumisa ahlukahlukene, ngiye ngazuza uhlamvu.

Lokhu zokugula, sclera okwesibhakabhaka, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yofuzo futhi malformation ijwabu yokuxhuma yeso, zisesesibelethweni. umthunzi UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki ngenxa ukushuba elincane ungqimba. Ngemva ulwelwesi ezondile emehlweni sclera sombala ayevumela. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi lo mshumayeli zokugula ngokuvamile kwenzeka nezinye anomalies esweni, kanye ukwephulwa izinqubo kumiswa ukuzwa, ethanjeni amalunga omzimba.

Izifo sclera ngokuvamile azalwa nako. Phakathi bakhathazeka ngendlela efanayo futhi melasma. With ukuthuthukiswa isifo phezu scleral amnyama akhiwa. Iziguli kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane kufanele sibhaliswe kudokotela wezifo zamehlo. Nge ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kudinga ukuqapha njalo futhi yesixwayiso yokuba nezinkinga ezingathi sína.

izifo atholwe

ukuvuvukala Abaningana impela ezivamile sclera. Izifo ezenzeka ngenxa yale nqubo libanakekele ekhethekile. Ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezinjalo zabanye kungakuqinisa avuse hhayi kuphela ukungasebenzi jikelele izinhlelo ezithile zomzimba womuntu, kodwa futhi lesi sifo kwabanye. Ngokuvamile Amagciwane zingene kwezicubu ocular udonga lwangaphandle nge ukugeleza lymph noma igazi. Lokhu kuyimbangela eyinhloko ukuvuvukala.

Ekupheleni

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi lokho sclera futhi yisiphi isifo ijwabu khona. Ukwelapha izifo yakhe iqala uphethwe nezeluleko kadokotela. Kuphela onguchwepheshe angakunika umuthi ukwelapha isifo ngokuhlonza babe nazo zonke izimpawu. With ukuthuthukiswa izifo sclera Kunconywa ukuba uthintane kudokotela wezifo zamehlo. Lo chwepheshe kumelwe nifeze eziningi zocwaningo. yokwelapha ezinqunyiwe isifo satholakala.

Uma lesi sifo sibangelwa kungukuchotshozwa nezinye izinhlelo zomzimba, ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngalo ukuqeda imbangela ecashile. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho uyothatha izinyathelo ukubuyisela umbono.