Xhuma i-router kwikhompyutha ephathekayo noma ikhompyutha. Imiyalo yokufaka nokulungisa i-router

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi abaningi abanikazi bekhompiyutha bajwayele ukuhlala ezweni labo elithulile elivaliwe, lapho behlezi ukusebenza komshini wekhompiyutha. Kubonakala sengathi kusadingeka, uma ikhadi levidyo liheha njalo isithombe esikrinini sesilondolozi, i-unit unit yenza ngomsindo abalandeli ngomsindo, futhi iprosesa yenza izinyathelo ezilandelayo zedatha kanambambili. Noma kunjalo, ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwezobuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha, njenge-whirlpool, ngokushesha kuqinisa ngisho nabasebenzisi abanjalo, ngokuphoqelela, isibonelo, ukuqonda ukuthi ikhompyutha ixhunywe kanjani ku-router. Kuqondene nalokhu "isitini" senethiwekhi yesimanje esizoxoxa ngayo namhlanje.

Igama elibi "router"

Igama elithi "router" lafika kithi kusukela olimini lwesiNgisi, olungasetshenziswa ngokuthi "idivayisi elawula ukudluliselwa". Igama lesibili, eliye laziwa isikhathi eside phakathi kwama-operators wesistimu, liyi-router. Ngakho-ke, uma ukudala inethiwekhi elula yamakhompiyutha amaningana kwakungenzeka ukuphatha ukuhamba kwekhebula "lokuqamba", okwakungenzeka nakwabaqalayo, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe kule nsimu babhekene nesidingo sokuhlela izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziqhamukayo ezingenakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwama-node akhethekile alawula ukudluliselwa Idatha. Lezi yizi-routers. Manje, ngesidingo sokufaka nokulungisa i-router , ngisho nabanikazi abavamile bama-PC namaphathothi abathintekayo ukuxhuma kwi-Inthanethi babhekene nazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamadivayisi anjalo. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuhlela ukusabalalisa kwe-intanethi ngaphezu kwamanethiwekhi angenantambo noma ngokudlula umkhawulo wokufinyelela womhlinzeki ngekheli le-MAC elikhuni. Ngenhlanhla, ukuxhumeka kwe-router akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile futhi lungenziwa emaminithini ambalwa.

Ukuklama ukusebenza

Ngaphandle, i-router iyisisetshenziswa esincane esikhungweni sepulasitiki, esingaphambi kwendawo lapho kukhona khona ama-LED wesimo futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, uhlu lwezinkinobho. Emdongeni ongemuva kunezinombolo ezixhumi ze-Ethernet, enye yazo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-WAN", nabanye - 1, 2, 3 ... Sesivele sibonise ukuthi router ingakwazi "ukuphakamisa" inethiwekhi. Ukuxhumeka nokucushwa kwalo kuyahlukahluka ngokuya endaweni nokunikezwa kwemigqa yokuxhumana. I-router ingasebenza njenge-node ephakathi, uma umsebenzi wayo unciphisa ukuthola nokuqhubeka ukusakaza i-Wi-Fi (njenge-repeater yeselula), noma njengendawo yokufinyelela eyinhloko, ukuguqula amasignali wenethiwekhi. Esikhathini sokuqala, akukho izintambo zokuxhumana ezixhunywe kuwo, okwesibili okungenani okudingekayo - kusuka kumhlinzeki oxhuma kwisixhumi se-WAN. Futhi ngemuva kwenkambu yinkinobho yamandla, shintsha kabusha inkinobho kuzilungiselelo zokuqala futhi usebenze umsebenzi we-QSS. Wonke ama-routers anamuhla angasebenza kwi-Wi-Fi ejwayelekile, ngakho afika ne-antenna yangaphandle.

I-Assortment

Manje kubonisa ukugcina kwamakhompiyutha ngokweqiniso ngokweqile okwenziwe ngobuningi bamamodeli we-routers. Lapha, kokubili i-Asus RT-AC68U ethuthukile yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-10, ne-D-Link DSR-1000 ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15, kanye ne-TP-Link "ethandwa" ngenani elingabizi. Umthengi ngamunye uzothola lokho akudingayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunesidingo, ababonisi bangachaza ukuthi i- router ixhunyiwe kanjani . Ukuzikhethela komodeli kuxhomeke emisebenzini ehlelwe ukuthi ixazululwe ngosizo lomzila. Ukuvimbela imingcele ye-MAC bese usakaza i-Wi-Fi kumishini eminingana, isisombululo sesabelomali, esichazwe ngezindleko eziphansi, ukutholakala kwazo zonke imisebenzi eyisisekelo kanye nomsakazo ojwayelekile we-transceiver, kuyafaneleka ngempela.

I-router ixhunyiwe kanjani?

Ake sithi umsebenzisi unomsebenzi wokuxhuma i-router ngendlela yokuthi bangasebenzisa i-intanethi kuwo wonke amadivayisi angasebenza nge-Wi-Fi. Ukwenza lokhu, ikhebula le-Ethernet (ihlangothi eliphikisiwe) elivela ku-ISP kumele lixhunywe ku-WAN isikhangisi ngemuva kwecala lomzila. Okulandelayo, kusukela ekuphumeni mahhala (1, 2, 3 ...), donsela intambo (ithengwe kunoma isiphi isitolo, ubude obufanele futhi kakade nezixhumi) kumxhumeli we-Ethernet yekhompiyutha bese uyixhuma. Akukhathaleki uma uxhuma i-tp-link router noma imodeli yenye inkampani, kulokhu i-algorithm yezenzo ifana. Isele ukusebenzisa amandla kudivayisi futhi uqhubeke nezilungiselelo.

Ukukhetha indlela yokuxhumana

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-router isetshenziselwe ukuhlela ukufinyelela kwesikhathi esisodwa kwi-Inthanethi yamakhomphyutha angu-2-3 amisiwe, kunconywa ukushiya indlela yokuxhumeka engenantambo ngokuqondene nendabuko. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi isebenze ngesivinini esiphezulu, ukungakhathazeki ngenxa yokuphazamiseka nokungabi endaweni yomthumeli (ukuphikisana kwe-Wi-Fi kusenziwa). Kunconywa ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi engenazintambo kuphela uma izintambo zingeke zibekiwe.

Ukukhubaza umthumeli futhi ulungise imingcele

Isibonelo, umzila we- ZyXEL uzoxhumeka ngalendlela elandelayo: ikhebula eliyinhloko lixhunywe kuxhumano lwe-WAN; Cha. 1 ixhunywe kwikhompyutha ezocatshangelwa ukuthi iyinhloko; Kusukela kuNombolo 2, 3 ... ikhebula elibili elithintekayo lihanjiswa kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu ngokuxhuma kuma-connectors e-Ethernet. Ngemuva kwalokho kumshini omkhulu, udinga ukuqala isiphequluli bese ufaka indlela 192.168.1.1 ebhakisini lekheli (inhlanganisela eqondile iboniswa elebula phansi kwedivayisi noma emfundisweni). Uma unxusa iphasiwedi, faka i- "admin". Ngendlela, uxhumano lwe-TP-Link router luhilela ukufaka inhlanganisela efanayo ukuze ufinyelele kuzilungiselelo. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, umsebenzisi uzobona umuthi wemenyu wohlelo lwangaphakathi. I-transmitter ingakhutshazwa esigabeni "se-wireless mode", ngokumane ukhiphe ibhokisi "Vumela ukusakaza kwe-router wireless". Ukuhamba ngemenyu, ungenza izilungiselelo zamanye amamodi: ikakhulu, ukunika amandla ukufinyelela kwephasiwedi ngenkathi usebenza ku-Wi-Fi; Cacisa inethiwekhi ye-périmeter; Vumela izimvume zamanye amakhompyutha, njll Abanye abahlinzeki badinga ukulungiswa nokubeka "okhiye", kulokhu, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwezilungiselelo ezengeziwe. Ungabona izinketho zemenyu kusayithi lomkhiqizi we-router. Uma uhlelo lusebenza ngokugcwele, sincoma ukuthi ulondoloze izilungiselelo kufayela usebenzisa inketho yokugcina izilungiselelo esigabeni sesevisi. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuchofoza kwegundane ezimbalwa ukubuyisela zonke izinguquko ezenziwe.

Isixazululo esilula senkinga

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ungakwazi "ukuphakamisa" inethiwekhi ku-router. Isixazululo sabo singaphansi kwalesi sihloko. Kodwa-ke, uma uxhumano lwe-router kwi-Inthanethi lungafinyeleleki kalula, nakuba nje lusetshenziswe ngokushesha, ungazama ukubuyisela zonke izilungiselelo kuzilungiselelo zefektri bese wenza izilungiselelo ezintsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ku-router efakiwe, udinga ukucindezela inkinobho yokusetha kabusha esimweni ngokufanisa noma isiboule esesibambini bese ubamba kule ndawo imizuzwana engu-5-10. Lapho izinkomba ziqala ukungena, inkinobho ingakhululwa. Ngezinye izikhathi isenzo esinjalo esilula sisiza ukubuyisela umsebenzi we-router.

Ukungafani

Bonke abakhiqizi be-router banamuhla bazama ukwenza inqubo yokufaka nokucushwa ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngisho namaphasiwedi wokungena ohlelweni lokuphatha langaphakathi lwabasunguli abahlukene ahlukile. Okufanayo kungashiwo ngekheli. Isibonelo, uma ukuxhumeka komzila we-D-Link nokusetha kudinga okokufaka kwe-192.168.0.1, indlela efanayo ithathwa ngabanikazi bekhambi le-TP-Link. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzisi, esefunde ukusebenzisana nanoma iyiphi i-router, uzokwazi ukulungisa amanye amamodeli.