Yini i-HTML futhi lokho "ukudla" ...

With ukuthuthukiswa Internet kanye likwazi ukuhlalisa inani elandayo amawebhusayithi, abantu abaningi ezikukhanga umsebenzi izinhlelo ku-Web. Yingakho isithakazelo izindlela ngawo kukhona inethiwekhi ezikhulayo, kuhlanganise indlela yokwakha website, indlela encode ulwazi, bangakunaki iwebhu ulimi lokwakha ukuthi i-HTML nokunye ...

Ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu - yezindlela kolwazi ikhodi, eyenzelwe ukudluliselwa idatha ku- World Wide Web. Namuhla, kunamabandla olimi ezingaphezu kweyodwa, eyasebenza njengodonga isisekelo sokuthethelelwa ikhodi ye-HTML.

Yini i-HTML? Kuyindlela ukuze ubeke umbhalo, izixhumanisi kanye izithombe, ividiyo kanye izithombe emakhasini lewebhu ezakha amawebhusayithi kanye inthanethi. Imininingwane elulwimini HTML, amandla ukufunda kuphela web uMklami abanolwazi. Isilinganiso idatha yomsebenzisi kuyabaveza isiphequluli sewebhu (Internet Explorer, Mozilla Fire Fox, Opera noma i-Chrome). Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo icubungula ulwazi futhi ubonisa it in kwindlela lalihloselwe lokubonisa izivakashi.

Le nhloso bungatholakala kalula ngosizo imiyalelo eziqukethwe amafayela we-HTML. Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Bhala ikhasi lewebhu Kulula, uma wazi izakhi eziyisisekelo zolimi, ngokuthi tags noma echaza. Nabo, ungabeka oyifunayo usayizi wefonti, beka umbhalo phakathi, faka isithombe noma isixhumanisi. Nakhu ukuthi kusebenza kanjani: notebook elula kungenziwa tags wasabela ufaka umbhalo, ucacise indlela eya isithombe noma faka isixhumanisi ekhasini lewebhu phakathi. Khona-ke ukugcina ifayela njengoba Ikhasi lewebhu (ngefomethi ye-HTML), ukubeka phezu iseva (uma wakhe, khona-ke omunye umuntu ikhokhwe ibamba) futhi ahlinzeke isixhumanisi kubo bonke abasebenzisi. Kusukela isixhumanisi esilandelayo, page izivakashi zewebhusayithi uzobona ukuthi uke code efayeleni: Umbhalo wakho, isithombe bese oxhumano.

Umbuzo, yini i-HTML futhi kanjani ukuyisebenzisa ukwakha amawebhusayithi, kufanele kuphawulwe, futhi abanye lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana web izinhlelo.

Njengoba sekunama-iziphequluli web, hhayi nje ngcono izinguqulo lolu hlelo, kodwa futhi ulimi HTML. Ochwepheshe batusa Onjiniyela iwebhu ukuze "bhala" ulwazi oluyisisekelo kuwebhusayithi usebenzisa amakhodi elula, "aphelelwe yisikhathi", ukuze wonke umuntu angakwazi ukulibuka kuphela inguqulo endala ye-isiphequluli sewebhu. Ezinye izindaba zika-amasevisi ezokuzijabulisa singatlolwa bunjesi usebenzisa nezinye izilimi kanye nobuchwepheshe: Java, i-Javascript, Flash, PHP, MySQL. Kuyinto ngenxa umehluko izinguqulo umsebenzisi angabona phambi kwakho ukwaziswa okusontekile (umbhalo, ezikhishwe for eziseceleni ikhasi, ukucinga indikimba yendaba, phansi noma siyiswe ezansi ngokuvamile non-display). Lezi amaphutha ezingelapheka ngokuvula site kwesinye isiphequluli sewebhu noma usebenzisa uhlelo ekhethekile esimweni Flash (Isiphequluli ihlinzeka leli thuba elihle kangaka, ukuba umuntu amane nje ucindezela "buyekeza module", kodwa ke futhi akubona bonke abantu). Nokho, akubona bonke amaphutha ezingelapheka.

On le nkinga kwadingeka ngisebenze yenhlangano yomhlaba wonke - Consortium W3C (Umhlaba WideWeb Consortium). Ochwepheshe yenkampani udale inani izincomo ethembeni sokugwema divergences ukuklanywa futhi silubonisa kwesikrini yomsebenzisi. Zonke imithetho yokubhala, ngabe usungenele ku-HTTP-protocol. Yingakho-HTML izinhlelo wayengubani futhi ungubani base ngokudala isayithi, naphezu kwavela Imininingwane esephepheni izilimi elula kakhudlwana futhi eziphambili. Yingakho zonke zifiki Sisikisela eziqala ukuhlola ikhodi, okungukuthi version yayo yakamuva --HTML 4.01 noma XHTML, ngakho njengoba ukuba singenzi amaphutha uma ubhala amakhasi ewebhu. Hhayi lutho ngokuthi standard HTML futhi ikhodi jikelele umbhalo isakhiwo phezu olandelayo khasi lewebhu. Ngemva kokutadisha ke, wonke umuntu uzokwazi zilwazi nezinye, okuthuthukile ubuchwepheshe ukudala amawebhusayithi.

Ngakho, nesithakazelo esinjalo udaba ukuthi i-HTML, ke ulungisiswa nesidingo sokutadisha ke. Ngaphandle, yebo, ulwela ngekhwalithi ukusebenza umsebenzi wabo ...