Yini ningelihlanganyele ngesikhathi Manta? Yini imikhiqizo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa emva Mantoux?

Ukugonywa Mantoux ngokuvamile evusa ukukhathazeka kwabazali mayelana nokuthi sizokuthinta kanjani impilo yengane, bekungeke yini kube yezinkinga emva yokugoma.

Okokuqala, abazali basuke bedinga ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa Mantoux Kuphoqelekile. Ngaphandle kwayo, leyo ngane ngeke uthathe e zasenkulisa enqatshelwe ukuhamba kuleli zwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali abakhathalelayo ucela: "Yini engeke idliwe ngenxa ngesikhathi Mantoux?" Lesi sihloko sizosisiza ukucacisa omama kanye obaba ngomntanami ukudla. Ukugcizelela okukhulu kubekwa ukwehluka ekudleni ngaphambi nangemva ngokugoma. Ukuze ukwazi ukuthi awukwazi ukudla ngemva Mantoux, kufanele uthole ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wengane emva yokugoma.

Okubaluleke ngendlela efanayo kwezempilo yisikhathi yokugoma. Ngakho, imigomo ezifweni kolyat kweminyaka ethize kanye imvamisa isilungisiwe. Ngakho lapho ungeke ukwenze ingane Mantoux kuphela owazi udokotela.

Ekuqaleni, kudingeka siqonde ukuthi kuyini - lokugoma Mantoux?

Ukugonywa Mantu: ukuthi kuyini

Ukugonywa Mantoux kwenziwa minyaka yonke luhlolo izingane sofuba. Isifo sofuba - igciwane esibi esibangelwe igciwane, kusukela lapho kufa khona abantu. ekuhlonzweni lesi sifo futhi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ukuze ugweme ukufa. I-ejenti causative isifo sofuba iyona imbewu eletha tubercle. Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo sihlasela emaphashini. Ngo kusaqalwa sofuba kuhambisana ukukhwehlela obuqinile phlegm. Ezigabeni kamuva - ukukhwehlela igazi, ukukhathala komzimba. Engozini singabantu izinhlelo buthaka amasosha omzimba bese abantu abane-HIV. Mantoux test kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi ikhona yini emzimbeni igciwane le-TB noma cha.

Okwamanje, kukhona izindlela ezimbili kokuphathwa ukuhlolwa Mantoux.

Ukuphatha izidakamizwa eyodwa - tuberculin. Indlela yokuqala - indlela yaseqhweni (indlela yaqanjwa igama ongudokotela ayisungula). Ngo indlela yaseqhweni ukulungiselela iqondiswa sisesikhumbeni kancane ezilimele yesiguli sami esithile. Eyesibili indlela - Mantoux indlela lapho izidakamizwa iqondiswa esikhunjeni. Ukuphatha indlela akuphazamisi yi. Ukuhlolwa imiphumela lwenzeka izinkomba efanayo.

izidingo zempilo

Ukuvimbela isifo sofuba ezilungisiwe nezindinganiso zempilo futhi kuhlanganisa:

1. Definition of sifo zisaqala. Ezinganeni lokugoma wenziwa kusuka onyakeni owodwa kuya eminyakeni 17 kukonke.
2. Allergy yokuhlola noma kunjalo wobulawa kanye ngonyaka.
3. Ukugonywa ayivunyelwe ekhaya, futhi wenziwa kuphela nabezokwelapha.
4. ukuhlolwa Mantoux uqhutshwa nesimungumungwana futhi idiphtheria imigomo.
5. Mantoux test asikwazi ukwenziwa esimweni ngokuhlukaniswa.
6. Ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile izingane ngaphambi yokugoma kanye nokuhlola sempilo yabo.
7. Okuncane isikhawu phakathi lokugoma Mantoux nezinye lokugoma izifo kuyakuba inyanga eyodwa.

Indawo yokugoma

Indawo ye ukugoma kuyindlela ikamelo ukwelashwa kwe-enkulisa noma kuyo. Lokhu kunjalo uma ingane uyahlanganyela kulezi zikhungo. Uma leyo ngane izokwazi ekhaya, bese uzama ukwenza umtholampilo yezingane. Ukugonywa njalo kwenziwe ngokohlelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uyibambe kubazali njalo ukutshela kusengaphambili.

Kangakanani wokugoma Mantoux

Ukugonywa lufakwa izisebenzi zezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe ngaphansi kuqhubeka isimiso somhlangano okhethekile "Tuberculin". Wokugoma wokuqala kwenziwa eneminyaka engu-unyaka owodwa futhi kamuva owaba ngonyaka. Ubuchwepheshe yokugoma simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: it is eyenziwe phakathi ibhodi lemisindo kusukela ngaphakathi isipetu ekhethekile. ekuphathweni umthamo - 0.1 ml. Ngemva umjovo kwakheka Kwamanzi engalweni "inkinobho" noma ukuvuvukala ungqimba isikhumba. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-40 Buttons iphele. Ngosuku lwesibili endaweni inoculation uphendulela ububomvu nezwe ohlangene. Le ndawo esikalini ngosuku lwesithathu ngemva inoculation nombusi ngamamilimitha.

Kwenzekani lapho yokugoma

Ingqikithi esebenzayo by ngokuxhunyelelwa le antigen - tuberculin okuyinto etholakala kusukela igciwane lesifo sofuba. Esikhathini indawo umjovo kwenzeka ekuqongeleleni T lymphocyte (ngenxa - ukuvuvukala), okuyinto yakhishwa uqobo evela kwamanye amangqamuzana isitsha igazi. Qala ukusebenza, hhayi wonke amaseli, kodwa kuphela kulabo abaye baba ukuxhumana Koch induku. Eshiswa ingxenye mkhulu esimweni uma umzimba nabo igciwane lesifo sofuba.

Indlela ukulungiselela ingane yakho yokugoma

Yona kanye nokulungiselela kuyinto umsebenzi kahle kulula. Ukulungiselela yokugoma ngokuvamile iqala izinsuku ezintathu noma ezine ngaphambi kosuku ngokugoma. Into yokuqala okumele uyenze - ukushiya imodi evamile kosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukulayisha umzimba wengane. Esesibili - ukugwema ukuthintana nabantu abagulayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungaphindeli ukuvakashela, hhayi ukuhamba kwezithuthi zomphakathi. Okwesithathu - musa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu umkhuba.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukugoma Mantoux ayenzelwanga izingane ngonyaka abasebasha kweyodwa ngenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba ingane aziphathe ngendlela ekhethekile, ukuze umphumela ungaba ngempela olungalungile.

Ngokulandelako, cabangela umbuzo yini ningelihlanganyele Manta.

Indlela ukuze adle at umgomo Mantoux

Kumele wakhumbula ukuthi isiphuku - umgomo ukuthi awukwazi ezifanayo kwemijondolo njengoba nabanye imijovo zokuvimbela ezifweni. Uma uthi nhlá, lo mbuzo ilula, kodwa kumele wasondela umthwalo omkhulu wemfanelo. Amandla kufanele kuphelele. Ezweni lethu kukhona izikhungo ekhethekile, lapho ukudla okunempilo ukhokha kakhulu ukunakwa. Lawa izikole, izikhungo zezempilo kanye kuyo. Ukuze uthintane ngalolu daba kungase Precinct wezingane.

Ukuze lo mbuzo: "Yini ingadliwa ngesikhathi Mantoux" Impendulo isobala ngeke zisebenze. Ligcizelela ukudla olinganiselayo futhi efanele, enempilo.

Yini imikhiqizo akukwazi ngesikhathi Mantoux

Lapho okunomsoco kuyadingeka ukuba ngakususi imikhiqizo ezingaba avuse njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, okuyilezi:

• izithelo ezisawolintshi (amawolintshi, tangerines, ulamula, ubhamubhamu, njll ...);
• amaqanda (kokubili engahluziwe kuphekwe);
• Chocolate nemikhiqizo yalo (amaswidi, ayinhlama);
• imikhiqizo izinhlanzi (kuhlanganise kwasolwandle);
• ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo;
• amantongomane (amantongomane, hazelnuts);
• kakolweni.

Yini ningelihlanganyele ngesikhathi Manta? Yiqiniso, ngenhla i ukudla allergenic okuyinto babangela zokuzikhukhumeza, yingozi empilweni.

Ngokushesha ngaphambi inoculation

Ngosuku ezenza umgomo saziso kuyinto ukuhlolwa ingane futhi ukuhlolwa isimo sayo. Ngokuvamile emphinjeni iyenziwa futhi alinganise lokushisa. Izinga lokushisa kufanele ufunde 36,6 ^C. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi kuyodingeka wenze irekhodi emlandweni ukugula kwengane. Lapho lokugoma wenziwa emtholampilo, umsebenzi wezempilo ubuza abazali ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nesimo sezempilo netimphawu ukuziphatha kwengane. Uma ukuhlolwa Mantoux eniyenzayo esikoleni noma enkulisa, abazali ngokubhala ukunikeza imvume yabo wokugoma.

Ngesikhathi yokugoma futhi ngokushesha ngemva

Ngesikhathi yokugoma isiguli kufanele sihlale sizolile. nengane ejabule kungaba ukudonsa uhlangothi, uthole isilonda kanye nokuphathwa okungafanele imithi. Urovnoveshennost Kufanele ugcine abazali ngokwabo, njengoba uvalo yabo yadluliselwa ingane. Emva umjovo Akubalulekile ngokushesha ukushiya umtholampilo, kungcono ahlale kuwo noma nihambahambe eduze komgwaqo. Uma impendulo wokugoma uxwayiswe, udinga ngokushesha ubuyele emuva kwehhovisi likadokotela.

Ukuhlolwa imiphumela emva umjovo

Kukhona ngezigaba elandelayo ukusabela Mantoux yokuhlola: negative, positive futhi kungabi ngokwahlulela ngezizindlo.

• Ukungabikho ephelele uphawu noma khona ukusabela kuphela ngomjovo - kuyinto ukusabela okungekuhle.
• Lapho usayizi izinkinobho 2-4 mm noma ukusabela ibizwa ngokuthi uphawu engabazekayo isikhumba ububomvu.
• A ukuphendula omuhle ubhekwa e uphawu angaphezu kuka 5 kwangu.

A ukuphendula omuhle asivumelani kancane omuhle (usayizi izinkinobho 5 mm kuya ku-9 mm), ukusabela umfutho ophansi (usayizi yezinkinobho-10 mm kuya ku-14 mm) kanye yokusabela okukhulu (ubukhulu yezinkinobho elingu of 15 mm kuya 16 mm). Kodwa ngisho noma ukutheleleka lutholwa, akusho ukuthi umntwana uhlushwa isifo sofuba.

Isizathu salokho zingakhiqiza BCG wokugoma elenziwe esibhedlela. sofuba imbewu eletha kwalokho umjovo wasithukuthelela tuberculin (umjovo izidakamizwa), okuholela ukusabela okuhle.

Uma umphumela omuhle (izici ezinomthelela kumele ngaphandle) njalo kwenziwe uphethwe ezengeziwe: isikhwehlela, esifubeni X-ray, kanye ucwaningo wonke amalungu omkhaya.

Ingozi yokuba nesifo TB unayo izingane nentsha. Izibalo uthi izimpawu sofuba kufanele 7-10% izingane. Izingane ezinjalo babukela a Dispensary sofuba, lapho ekuqaleni benza chemoprophylaxis. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, ingane idluliswe ngaphansi kokuqondisa udokotela wendawo. Ngemva konyaka, ukuphinda isivivinyo Mantoux. Uma ukuzwela iqhubeka, bese lezi zingane wabuka njengoba enempilo. Uma ukuzwela luyanda, kungenzeka ukukhuluma mayelana igciwane likhula ngokushesha.

Indlela ukuhlola ubungozi ukuze uthole isampuli omuhle

A ukuphendula omuhle alisho-100% khona isifo. Nokho, kukhona ingozi izici ukuthi udinga ukuba banake:

• ukuzwela ukwanda ihlumela unyaka nonyaka;
• umehluko ukufundwa kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule ezingaphezu kuka-6 kwangu (ubukhulu nyaka 16, 10 ngonyaka odlule);
• ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho kukhona inani elikhulu sofuba ukutheleleka;
• naye (ngisho okwesikhashana) iziguli ezinalesi sifo;
• babe noma izihlobo ekhaya, ubani ake waba nesifo sofuba.

Kunezigaba ezimbili sofuba:

• isigaba esicashile.
• isigaba asebenzayo.

Dangerous abantu abasesikhundleni esigabeni asebenzayo lesi sifo. asebenzayo izimpawu isigaba yilezi: ukukhwehlela uqine ngokwanele ukuthi ihlala amasonto amathathu noma ngaphezulu; ezinzima ubuhlungu besifuba; isikhwehlela viscous ngegazi; anda ngobuthakathaka ukukhathala; Ukugodola futhi umkhuhlane; kwesisindo; ukungakuthandi ukudla.

Uma umuntu ungenwa isifo sofuba esicashile, kodwa akuyona esithathelwanayo kwabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli fomu asinazo izimpawu futhi umuntu akazi ukuthi kukhona isifo.

Iziguli babephathwa amasonto amabili, akuzona yingozi kwabanye.

Kwezinye izimo, musa goma Mantoux

Impendulo yalo mbuzo othi: "Uma ungakwazi ukwenza Mantoux ingane" ngale ndlela:

• uma ingane iyagula yizifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo kuzo zombili oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki;
• uma ingane izifo zesikhumba ogulayo;
• uma ingane iqembu, lapho kukhona ngokuhlukaniswa ku izifo zezingane;
• uma ingane yokungezwani komzimba abagulayo;
• uma ingane iyagula somoya bronchial;
• uma ingane iyagula isithuthwane.

Mantoux ukuhlolwa kungenziwa kuphela emva yokutakula wengane inyanga eyodwa. Uma wenza-ke umuntu ogulayo, umphumela kweqiniso ngeke kutholakale. Ezimweni ezinjalo, njalo ukhethe ukucwaninga okwengeziwe ngesimo x-ray noma scan.

Uma umgomo omdala, ngakho-ke impendulo yombuzo othi nini ngeke ukwazi ingubo ngeke odnaznachno: ". Ngesikhathi izifo efanayo ingane"

Imithetho yokuziphatha ngemva yokugoma

On Mantoux yi kungathinta mishandling yokugoma. Njalo abadala kumele wazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ngemva yokugoma Mantoux. Ngemva lokugoma, izenzo ezilandelayo azivumelekile:

• Mantoux ayikwazi ukuphatha upende oluhlaza;
• akunakwenzeka bhala indawo lapho umgomo wanikezwa;
• Musa ibenze kakhulu izingubo esihlalweni;
• Mantu ayikwazi ukuchelela uketshezi: amanzi, peroxide, utshwala;
• akunakwenzeka bonyana batshidze usimende.

Ngokulandelayo, cabanga impendulo yombuzo othi: "ukwenza ingubo: akufanele kube khona?"

Enqabelo ekudleni ngesikhathi yokugoma

Ngakho, ingane yakho ubeke nesiphuku. Yini hhayi ukudla ukudla okwakungenzeka ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba umntwana engadli, uthi odokotela e-reception esibhedlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele sinake imnyama. isimo esinjalo izothatha izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, hhayi ngaphezulu.

Ngokwandisa baphuza uketshezi akufanele lenqabe. Ikakhulukazi esimweni ukuhlanza, ukukhishwa isisu kanye nemfiva.

Endabeni okwandisa izinga lokushisa ngenhla 38.5 ° C kuyadingeka ukunikeza izidakamizwa antipyretic. Uma izinga lokushisa komzimba ngezansi ukaznogo value, ke izidakamizwa akufanele inikezwe. amasosha omzimba engane sika elwisana nesifo.

Ngemva Mantoux angengene ekudleni entsha akuyona ingane imikhiqizo abadumile, kanye nalabo imikhiqizo kungabangela ukusabela nomzimba. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isiphuku - umgomo ukuthi awukwazi udle izithelo ezisawolintshi. Uhla oluphelele lolwazi imikhiqizo kunikezwa ngenhla.

Ngaphezu kokudla, kumele wazi ukuthi isikhathi posleprivivochny kubalulekile ingane. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuba amxwayise we nesenzakalo izifo emathunjini bese imikhuhlane. Awukwazi ukuya ezindaweni zomphakathi kanye hamba nayo kwelinye izinyanga ezimbili emva yokugoma. Okumele kuqashelwe akuncikile yayiyini test Mantoux.

Ongakwenza ungadli kuwo na? Awukwazi kube ukudla allergenic (ubisi, amantongomane, ushokoledi, ezisawolintshi izithelo nenhlanzi), kanye nemikhiqizo emisha Kunconywa ukuba iphathwe isonto elilodwa emva yokugoma.

Uma abazali unombuzo angenakudliwa ngemva Mantoux ingane, kufanele wazi ukuthi amacala ekuzileni ukudla ziyefana ngaphambi ngokugoma.

Emva kokuthola impendulo esiphethweni ngenhla imibuzo kusobala ukuthi kuzo zonke izimo, ukudla ukuziphatha kufanele kube okufanayo.