Yini okumele uyenze uma ungenawo ukuqala umbadlana?

Abaningi kithi baye uhlangabezana nezinkinga nge-computer yakho. Futhi kahle, uma kuyinkinga ukuthi zingaxazululwa ngokuzimela. Okubi nakakhulu, uma ekugcineni kuyomelwe awathwale umshini isikhungo service. Futhi ngisho noma konke ilungile, hhayi iqiniso lokuthi uhlelo futhi izohluleka futhi ngeke zingafezeki okwamanje esibi.

Uma sishiya eceleni yonke inkulumo mayelana isimiso amaphutha noma ezinye izinkinga mechanical, lonke wonke inkinga ingaxazululwa. Kuyi-Internet lenqwaba amavidiyo anikezelwe silungisa amagajethi kanye izingxenye computer. Ngakho ungabona kanjani ukushintsha esibukweni efonini yakho, indlela ukuhlanza futhi gcoba ezipholile, indlela esikhundleni amafutha ezishisayo. Yini okumele uyenze uma ungenawo ukuqala umbadlana?

amaphutha

Okokuqala udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini okungenzeka babe imbangela yenkinga. Ngokuvamile, i-motherboard - idivayisi eyinkimbinkimbi elibamba isibalo esikhulu izakhi, kusukela ezinkulu ukuze izingxenye ezincane imishudo, izinzwa kanye nezinkomba. Ngenxa yokuthi ibhodi ukubeka abalawuli, nezixhumi, Slots, chipset, nabalawuli, capacitors, nokunye. E., Enzima ukuze agweme amaphutha.

By the way, une zonke lezi zinto kungaba izinkinga ukulungisa, kuthinte izindlela kwenhlekelele. Ngenxa yalokho, kuba sobala ukuthi kulesi simo iphutha zingahlukaniswa zibe mechanical uhlelo. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka ingalungiswa ngensimbi nokunamathisela ngomthofu, ngisho ekhaya, nakuba kunjalo kuyinto ngempela ezingavamile. Uma umphumela akuphumelelanga umonakalo ngokomzimba kungenziwa lilungiswe kuphela ukuthenga idivayisi entsha. Ngezinye izikhathi capacitors, amandla izinzwa noma izakhi efanayo okuyinto ukudlulisa voltage umane ashiswe ngenxa umthwalo ohlelweni.

amaphutha System maningi "nezimo". Bona Nokho kukhona kulula ukulungisa bebodwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi une iphendukele usizo lochwepheshe. Kodwa jikelele yephutha lohlelo - akusiyo iyunithi umusho, kanti uma unanoma isizathu sokuthi kungani ungaqali lo umbadlana, ungalilahli ithemba.

Ubani okufanele asolwe?

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokuvamile, uma sekube yikuphi ukwehluleka, ukusola noma abasebenzisi noma ukudla eliphansi. Esimweni sokuqala, lomthengi kungenzeka engaqondile isicelo uma ufaka ebhodini, ngobutshapha kumbe ngokungalungile decompress ke ukusebenza. Esimeni sesibili, kungalimaza amandla supply, okungasekelwe kuphela overload imali, kodwa futhi ukuze "uqothule" lonke izingxenye kuso.

Iphinde ingathiwa enecala labo zithunyelwa kuwe ngeposi umkhiqizo futhi ezilimele okuthile phakathi zokuthutha. Kukhona abakhiqizi abonakele labo ngezinye izikhathi wenze umhlangano eliphansi, kanye ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke eliphansi, capacitors ongasasebenzi, radiators ababuthakathaka, bayakhohlwa Ukupholisa ngomoya chip, nokunye. D.

isixazululo Homemade

Ngakho uma kwenzeka inkinga ethile, futhi zazi ucishe ohlelweni ubuchwepheshe bama-computer imisebenzi ke sikwazi uzama ukukulungisa ngokwakho. Qaphela ukuthi ukuphazamisa isimo somzimba we umbadlana uyisuse nge sikhathi sewaranti, futhi konke kuzokwenzeka - konke ngentando yakho.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi onyathelisiwe wesifunda ibhodi yakhiwa izingqimba eziningana, futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukushuba we ipuleti ngokwayo - kuphela ambalwa amamilimitha angu. ugqinsi ngalunye eseke babashayeli ithusi, futhi uma inkinga nabo ke okungenzeka kakhulu, wena kuzosiza sesevisi noma yokufuna isiteji entsha.

Ngaphambili, ngo-amamodeli ubudala, ngokuvamile kwenzeka capacitor ukuvuvukala. Le nkinga lalingabulawa kalula kuyoqedwa nokunamathisela ngomthofu. Uma usuvele wasebenzisa leli thuluzi, uyazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ungazama solder izingxenye ezincane, ngenkathi ugcina iso izinga lokushisa, kanye usebenzisa udosi mncane.

ithuluzi

Ngaphambi ukusheshe ukususa zokugwema noma ukubhekana Kungani futhi ungaqali umbadlana, kumele ukuxilonga "kokugula." Ngokuvamile, enkonzweni izikhungo ukusebenzisa multitester okuthiwa noma multimeter. Leli thuluzi ithole igama ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo ngezindlela eziningi: It ungabheka izibonisi eziningana.

Lezi amadivayisi inombolo enkulu. Badinga ukwazi ukusebenzisa, ukuqonda, uyini umehluko we analog umhloli digital, ezosheka ukuzinza endaweni yesikhulumi. kudivayisi Digital ukhululekile kakhulu ukusebenzisa, kulula ukusebenza, kanye nemakhono latsite idinga, ikakhulukazi uma ephethe imodeli eliphezulu.

Ngenxa yalokho, multitester zingase zibonise ukuthi zamanje voltage izinkomba, ukumelana wokulinganisa, hlola resistors, transistors, diodes, capacitors nebhethri umthamo.

esikhundleni

Yiqiniso, cishe awekho umsebenzisi abayitoho ekhaya ekhabetheni is amanga kanye multitester. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuxilonga ukuwohloka ngazo zonke izindlela. Uma umbadlana yakho ifakiwe, kodwa ngeke uqale, kubalulekile ukuyiguqula.

Inzuzo enkulu PC - wukuthi uma kukhona iqoqo izingxenye ezingaba ukushintshwa. Ukuze uthole module okuyiphutha, kubalulekile ukuze unqamule ingxenye badedelane. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi okuningi kuncike izihibe, izintambo, oxhumana nabo, izixhumanisi, kanye nezinye izinto. Lena ngokuvamile kuholela ukuphazamiseka izingxenye yokuxhuma.

Ngokuvamile, siqiniseke umsebenzi futhi sigqamisa ingxenye okuyiphutha, ochwepheshe batusa ukugcina chip umbadlana, ugesi kanye isikhulumi ukuqapha amasignali umsindo. Uma usebenza, khona-ke cishe, kungcono kwenye yezingxenye ekhubazekile. izindleko Eminye ukuxhuma ngayinye kudivayisi eyodwa ngesikhathi futhi ukuqapha ukusebenza kwayo. Abanye bakwenza okuphambene, ukuthatha idivayisi badedelane.

Uma ngabe le uphethwe uthola ukuthi ibhodi iqala, kodwa, isibonelo, singahlangabezani ikhadi ihluzo, akusho ukuthi i-ihluzo namafutha kuhlulekile. Izinkinga zenzeka ne izintambo ne compounds noxhumana nabo ku okufanayo uhlelo ibhodi. Ngakho lapho kuyodingeka ukuhlola ikhadi isiqophi ukuxhuma kwenye ikhompyutha, esikhundleni ikhebula nokunye. D.

iqhinga

Izizathu ukuthi umbadlana kungaqali, abalandeli ezisebenzayo noma endaweni yesikhulumi jikelele kwakungekho zimpawu zokuphila, sihluke ngokuphelele. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngisho uhlelo uqobo umane "bakopele." Ngokwesibonelo, uma ibhethri umbadlana BIOS emzaneni, noma-ke nje alikho, le ndlela "ukudlala ufile." Ngenxa yalesi simo, multitester nje ephelele, futhi uma ningathwali umkhiqizo iyokhandwa.

Kukhona inkinga nge voltage eceleni. Ukuze uqonde konke kahle nale uhlangothi, kudingeka ukuxhuma ugesi kuya umbadlana bese uxhume ikhodi yamandla kuwo. Uma ungeyena imodeli kungxenyekazi endala kakhulu, izibani LED kuso. Uma Isibani ovuthayo, cishe, kwakuzodingeka kuze iyokhandwa.

inkinga evamile

Kwenzeka lokho akusho ukuqala umbadlana, kodwa abalandeli ukuphotha. Inkinga akuyona ovame kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kubonakala ku motherboards amadala. Abanikazi yalezi amadivaysi kudingeka uqaphele ukuthi izinkinga zalolu hlobo ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukunganaki umsebenzisi. Kulokhu, kuyokusiza yokuhlanza abavamile. Eqinisweni, nokuvinjelwa efanayo okufanele iqhutshwe okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha: hlola isimo ohlelweni, ukuhlanza uthuli kusukela umbadlana, ukuqapha Ukupholisa nokunamathisela ezishisayo. Uma amaphuzu imali, akukho isidingo umangale ukuthi lokuhlushwa enkulu uthuli kwaholela kungukuchotshozwa oxhumana.

Kulokhu, okufana yimpumelelo kakhulu - kuba ukuhlola operability we isixhumi ngamunye. Mhlawumbe indawo lapho amandla supply ixhunyiwe, kakhulu singcoliswe futhi lidinga ukuhlanzwa isimiso. Kungenzeka kube nezimo ezenza ukuthi izinkinga kubonakala nezixhumi ukuze ihlolwe zangaphandle ke kulula kakhulu ukuba siqonde lokho okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo: nje ushintshashintsha ikhebula noma isixhumi washintsha.

capacitors

Ngokuthakazelisayo, uma ungaqali Asus umbadlana ke bafuna ukusola phezu capacitors. Ngokuvamile, umenzi ubhekwa ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza futhi njalo uzihlomisa onobuhle yayo nge high quality materials. Kodwa ngo onobuhle amadala kukhona amaphutha. Abanye abantu banqume bebodwa nokunamathisela ngomthofu lezi zitho, kodwa ukukwenza kahle, okuyinto luhambisana nomthwalo futhi yephutha lohlelo. Kwenzeka ukuthi capacitors ukushintsha phakathi nendawo service, kanye umbadlana ngokusebenzisa isikhathi iyeke "bukhoma."

Ayikho Impendulo

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umbadlana uzoqala futhi ngokushesha shaqa. Ngokuvamile, abantu baqala ukucabanga ukuthi kukhompyutha enqobe igciwane esabekayo. Yena "badla" konke okwakutholakala, futhi akukho ukubuyela emuva. Lena incazelo ezingavamile. Ngokushesha kuwufanele ngibheka ukuthi PC inkinobho amandla hhayi wanamathela ke udinga ukubheka iyunithi uhlelo futhi bahlanza kusuka uthuli.

Yebo, futhi kubalulekile ukuba zingasebenzi zonke emgqeni, noma uvale konke ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ushiye izakhi eziyinhloko. Kwenzeka ukuthi PC akufakwanga ngenxa kwamandla okungadingi yenze imisebenzi yayo eziyisisekelo, nakuba kuleli cala, i-motherboard ngeke afakwe. Kwenzeka futhi ukuthi imbangela yenkinga izobonisa a BIOS ukuthi ihlaba umkhosi ithoni ezithile.

Ikuphi i-sithombe?

Abanye abasebenzisi ibhekene iqiniso lokuthi umbadlana iqala, kodwa akukho isithombe qapha. Yiqiniso, isizathu sokuqala futhi main - lephula isibonisi. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela, kakhulu ngokuvamile ngaphezulu abasebenzisi ukuwukhohlwa ukuxhuma qapha eziko likagesi. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngakususi ukulimala ikhebula kanye ukusebenza inkinobho qapha amandla.

Esinye isizathu salokhu Iphutha - BIOS. Wathi ngezinye izikhathi phinda futhi ngokuvamile kungathinta umbadlana. Ngokuvamile konke isixazululekile, uma ungene izilungiselelo BIOS. Kodwa ukuqapha alisho, ngakho ukuvula icala PC futhi ufune ibhethri. Yena unesibopho imemori non-oluyingozi futhi ilondoloza izilungiselelo BIOS. Thina donsa, elinde imizuzwana embalwa bese uyifaka emuva.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kungase kube izinkinga nezinye izingxenye. Khumbula ukuthi ngisho uthuli kungaba isitha sakho esikhulu nguwe, ngakho uma kwenzeka okuthile PC yakho, mane uvule izindlu kanye ngokusebenzisa element ngayinye. Inkinga lungabonakala, isibonelo, ungathola umbadlana kanye nokuhlola yona ukubonakala amnyama, izinto wokushiswa noma intuthu elimazayo.

transistors

Uma ungaqali Asus umbadlana noma enye inkampani, isizathu angase aqambe amanga ku transistors. Lena enye ingxenye ukuthi ungahlukaniswa ngokuvamile ube ngokuzimela ukuqinisekiswa. Sifuna elifushane isekhethi kubo. Ngisho noma kwenzeka lokhu ngempela ezingavamile, kodwa njengoba besho, nasi isixwayiso - is forearmed.

Ukuxilonga futhi ukukhulula ibhodi kuzo zonke ezitolo amandla ukuba sigweme ukushaqeka wamshaya. Thatha multitester (yebo, ngeshwa, labo abanayo le divayisi ayikwazi ukwenza lokhu zokuxilonga) futhi uhlole zonke iziphetho we transistors. Le nto ebhodini okunzima ukubathola, ngoba ayijulile, kanti izingxenye on a yesikhulumi kakhulu. I Transistor libukeka isikwele noma unxande nge terminals ezintathu.

Okulandelayo, imitha kufanele ibe "embili" Imodi diodes. Izakhi ezimbili insimbi uthinte "imilenze" we Transistor. Peep libonisa Transistor iphutha.

imininingwane

Konke okungenhla akuzona izizathu kuphela. Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela eziningi amaphutha aholela iqiniso lokuthi umbadlana kungaqali. Into yokuqala ukuthi uyikhumbule - iwukuba unakekele kohlelo. Awukwazi ukuthenga PC bese uyakhohlwa, kubalulekile ukuba babanakekele, ahlanzekile, ukuqapha Ukushisa nokunye. D.

Phakathi kwezinye umonakalo, okungaholela le umbadlana kusukela uhlelo, it angabizwa ngokuthi efanele kwe-adaptha inethiwekhi - intambo uxhuma uhlelo Inthanethi. Ngenxa imizila engazinzile, izikhungo Inthanethi namanye amadivayisi bangezwa amandla yokwanda kwama eziholela nokutubeka chain.

Abasebenzisi ngokuvamile nazo izinkinga BIOS. Ngenxa yabo, awukwazi ukuqala le Gigabyte umbadlana. Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi ozama ukwethula imodeli entsha multiprogramming platform. Kodwa uma ngokungazelelwe edolobhaneni amabhethri esiku ebhodini, akukho ukuqaliswa kohlelo kuzosiza. Udinga nje esikhundleni salo.

Nutrition futhi kudlala indima eqakathekileko. Nge-PC self-ababebuthene udinga ukubala amandla adingekayo, okuyinto angakwazi ukusingatha lo kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe singakhohlwa mayelana Ukupholisa ezinhle, njengoba abakhiqizi, ukonga on izinto, ukhohlwe ukusetha ambalwa radiators owengeziwe yezingxenye amandla noma usebenzise stabilizers ababuthakathaka.

Esinye isizathu ngenxa okuyinto yakho umbadlana Asrock kungaqali - lilimele nezimbobo. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi, kodwa off azungeze ngenkathi PC ezingapheli zingayilimaza izakhi ebhodini. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kuba abukhali unamathele ingalo yakhe aphume isokhethi, kuzoba khona ukwanda amandla ukuthi kuzokwenza amandla omlilo port. Futhi kahle, uma-non-ukusebenza ngeke Jack kuphela ... Kodwa akushise konke ebhodini? Thina Kuzodingeka imali entsha.

okutholakele

Ngakho khumbula: uma umbadlana yakho kungaqali, cishe, uzoba ukukuthwala iyokhandwa. Lona khetho enengqondo kakhulu, okuyinto wenze ukuphila kwakho kube lula, nakuba lokho kuzodinga imali eyengeziwe. Uma zazi ucishe e PC, ungakwazi ngesandla zama ukukulungisa - ngoba ngezinye izikhathi, njengoba sazi, inkinga ingase ecasha amabhethri efile noma ikhebula unqamukile.

Ngakho-ke, thina hlola ukuthi yonke izakhi nimi ixhunyiwe, futhi ugesi - ifakiwe. Khona-ke sibheka ukuthi kukhona sikhundla lengiyo yonke yamandla aphindeke kabili ye nabalawuli kanye CPU jumper: kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izingxenye angathí nyaka, 'ehlezi "ezindaweni zabo. Uma lutho okwenzekayo, sicabanga eduze kwebhodi looking batshengise ezilimele, ukuxhuma izakhi kuphela ezidingekile umsebenzi kokuqala. Uma usebenza, isizathu itholakala kwenye yezingxenye ekhubazekile,. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, khona-ke kungcono ukuba baphendukele ochwepheshe.