Zokushisela kwezakhiwo metal: ubuchwepheshe kanye nezici

Omunye Balisebenzisa kakhulu womshini yabadobi isisindo kanye nokukhiqiza izindlela umhlangano izingxenye is Welding. Ungayisebenzisa ukuqoqa sanoma yisiphi pair of izakhi - tee, emincane, mechanical ethangeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindlela zobuchwepheshe, esebenzisa ngalo Welding izakhiwo steel, ngcono, ekubeni esebenza kahle.

izindlela Classic zokushisela

izindlela Standard for Welding izakhi zensimbi ngaphansi kusho ukusetshenziswa main imithombo ezimbili amandla: ilangabi legesi noma i arc kagesi.

Gas arc Welding kungaba othomathikhi, semi-automatic futhi inhlukano ngokugcwele. Inketho zokugcina kuhilela kumiswa le weld balukhulume ngezandla zabo kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, arc inhlukano (RD) Welding metal izakhiwo kuhlanganisa inhlukano ukulawula izinqubo supply electrode noma yamathebhu wire Welding inqubo ngokwalo nezingxenye.

Imodi Manual ndlela iphumelela kakhulu kuphela imvelo yasekhaya. Lapho usebenzisa ngokuyinhloko esetshenziswa Welding ubuchwepheshe kwamanzi autogenous nokunamathisela ngomthofu izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma indlela zakudala kagesi arc Welding.

At inhliziyo samuntu sokuqala - Welding othomathikhi - amanga inqubo zinqwabelanisile ingxenye umphetho ngaphandle kokuqondiswa umuntu oqondile. Wonke lo msebenzi ngo-indlela ekhethekile, okuyinto pre-set. Yiqiniso, ukuthi lo Phiko ububanzi elinganiselwe kakhulu imisebenzi, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko imikhiqizo siphelile, ukuze ukukhiqizwa emikhulu ke iyaduma kakhulu.

Lomhlangano metal izakhiwo, Welding ikumodi okuzenzakalelayo ivumela ukusebenzisa contact ubuchwepheshe kuhilela Ukushisa udini izakhi, Welding electroconvulsive nezinye izindlela "manual". Umehluko kuphela - siphela wizadi akuyona, futhi iklanyelwe ngokukhethekile futhi zahlelwa irobhothi.

Imodi semi-automatic eqala okuyinhloko weld Imbondela, noma ngocingo electrode kodwa ezonini umsebenzi ezidla ngokuzenzakalelayo, okuyinto kakhulu kwandisa umkhiqizo umsebenzi esizeni.

Le modi isetshenziswa cishe noma yikuphi ubuchwepheshe Welding metal izakhiwo, ekusebenziseni electrode non-fusible, igesi fluxes futhi ezenzakalelayo ukusuthisa wire yamathebhu e Ukushisa zone. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa ekhaya futhi yabadobi ka Welding semi-automatic izakhiwo steel kuyinto samuntu nenzuzo kakhulu emhloleni inqubo lobuchwepheshe.

ubuchwepheshe

Ngo Welding yesimanje ngokujoyina metal izingxenye asebenzisa isisi esikhalisa ilangabi esishisa bhé hhayi kuphela futhi arc kagesi, kodwa futhi umphumela wukushisa, laser amandla, imisindo ephansi, ama-electron imishayo yebo ibutho.

ukukhuluma Vele, ubuchwepheshe Welding njalo ngcono. Njalo ngokwanele baziqambela izindlela ezintsha ukuqalisa le nqubo lobuchwepheshe. novelties Zinjalo izinhlobo ezilandelayo Welding - plasma, thermite futhi electron uvumelanise.

Ngu Welding thermite uqhutshwa metal ezibucayi akha lesi umphetho zazo elicibilikile ngesikhathi ekhethekile amandla omlilo ingxube busuka okuhlangana kuyo. Iziduli futhi wasebenzisa ukulungisa ukukhubazeka nokusasamba e izakhiwo steel isivele eseqedile yi "kwatheleka" metal.

Plasma Welding wenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo edabula ezimbili electrode igesi ionized. Lesi sakamuva uba i arc kagesi, kodwa ngempumelelo yalo iphezulu kakhulu. Le gesi esishisa bhé isetshenziswa hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa metal weld, kodwa futhi ngoba ahlabayo yayo, lapho emhlabeni generator plasma ungakha ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi Amatebhe Welding uhlelo.

Esebenzisa electron ugongolo amasu Welding ukukhiqiza ezivuzayo esijulile 20 amasentimitha, ububanzi umphetho ngeke idlule eyodwa isentimitha. I ethile kuphela generator enjalo ukuthi ukusebenza naye kungenzeka kuphela a cleaner ephelele. Ngakho, lobu buchwepheshe isetshenziswa kuphela ezindaweni ezikhethekile kakhulu.

Ukuze ahlanganise wosayizi omncane izakhiwo steel iyashelela ukusebenzisa igesi noma arc kagesi Welding mathupha. umshini semi-automatic okhokhela ngokwayo ukuqaliswa imisebenzi esinevolumu ephansi izinto. Modern Welding ubuchwepheshe, ngokulandelana, zisetshenziswa kuphela ekukhiqizweni.

Zokushisela metal izakhiwo: izici

Welding ubuchwepheshe isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela lapho esebenza metal, kodwa polymers ezahlukene. Yonke inqubo kuyinto Ukushisa ukusonteka of evele, abese kuhlanganiswe zibe munye.

Zonke umsebenzi Welding unezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: inhlangano uxhumano.

Kakhulu isikhathi-ukudliwa futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi esigabeni sokuqala. Ukuthembeka kanye namandla we isakhiwo kuncike ukuhambisana zonke izidingo. Abangaphezu kwesigamu sonke isikhathi ewela inhlangano izingxenye.

Ukuqinisekisa inhlangano efanele metal izakhiwo

Ikhwalithi ephezulu, ukuqina kanye ukuthembeka umphumela wokugcina inikezwa kuncike nezimfuneko ezithile.

• Uma ukhetha izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze banamathele ngokuqinile wabeka phansi ubukhulu yephrojekthi.
• Nokusulwa kumele osayizi abathile - lapho ukwandisa ngamandla umkhiqizo wokugcina is kakhulu ziyancipha.
• I-engeli kulinganiswa kanye elawulwa ngosizo amathuluzi akhethekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngikwenze ngokugcwele ecacisiwe kuphrojekthi, noma intando ingozi kuwa isakhiwo sonke.

Izinzuzo Welding

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi Welding izakhiwo steel konga isikhathi yonke indalo ekhona, futhi uthole eliphezulu umthungo, inqubo unezinye izici:

• Massa eseqedile ukuvuvukala ayishintshi, kusukela izingxenye eziyinhloko ezimbili kuphela, okuyinto usindisa impahla.
• Ayikho umkhawulo ukushuba we metal.
• Ikhono ukulawula futhi ulungise Umumo metal izakhiwo.
• Ukutholakala imishini Welding.
• Ikhono ukusebenzisa Welding ngoba emsebenzini wokulungisa nokwakha kabusha.
• yobunzima High namandla ngokuhlanganyela.

avelele ezengeziwe

Ukuze umklamo okuholela kwaba eliphezulu nokunokwethenjelwa, kubalulekile ukugcina zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe.

A ekhethwe kahle izinto, izingxenye kanye nemishini avumele ukuthola izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu Hambayo welds. Kungenjalo umklamo siphelile ilahlekelwa hhayi kuphela isethulo yayo, kodwa futhi ukusebenza kwawo.

Kwekhono welds

Ukuze izilinganiso zobukhulu ngqo kanye lula ukusetshenziswa uma udala umqhubi metal isetshenziswa. Naphezu kwalokhu, RD izakhiwo Welding steel, Cranes ungavula phakathi kwenqubo yokunquma ukukhubazeka - burly uqhekeke, ashise amamaki, porosity, nokutubeka, nezinye liyehlisa.

Izimbangela ukukhubazeka

Nokuwohloka kwakheka kwi metal izakhiwo ngenxa ukuvuza kwensimbi esibunjiweyo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu isici singesabo sici umsebenzi ukudalwa ezivuzayo ovundlile. Susa kubo ngesando, bese uhlole umkhiqizo khona fusions.

Izimbangela ezishile-ngokusebenzisa processing kungenzeka imiklamo eliphansi imiphetho igebe kuyenyuka njengoba ijubane ongaphakeme umsebenzi namandla amancane ilangabi. Ukuphungula ukusika futhi umphetho Welding yiwo.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu isici kubhekwa yokuntuleka Fusion, ngoba kubathinta kabi amandla nokwethenjelwa weld. amasayithi okunjalo kuyaqedwa ngokuphelele, izinto zensimbi kuthiwa uphunyukile kabusha ashiselwe.