Isifo sofuba emathunjini: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Sifo Nokuselapha

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu ubelwa ne sofuba emathunjini. Lesi isifo sína futhi eziyingozi, okuyinto uma iyekwa ingelashwa kungaholela ekufeni. Wonke umuntu kumele azi ukuthi izimpawu zalesi sifo. Ngakho, liyini sofuba emathunjini? Yini izimpawu sici for kuye?

Ingqikithi sofuba emathunjini

Isifo sofuba - isifo okuyinto bonke abantu ezaziwayo. Lokhu ochwepheshe eside ukuqonda isifo esithathelwanayo. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lesi sifo lihlotshaniswa kuphela ukulimala umgudu wokuphefumula. Empeleni akunjalo. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo zezifo extrapulmonary. Omunye wabo - sofuba emathunjini. Kukhona isifo esibizwa ngenxa mycobacteria. Omunye wemithombo lengculaza iziguli abangafuni ukugcina imithetho yokuhlanzeka.

Abantu abanjalo angawodwa Mycobacterium sofuba (MBT) nesifo ngonyaka abantu abambalwa. Ukuze umthombo ukutheleleka futhi ihlanganisa izinkomo. sofuba Mycobacterium linamandla kakhulu ithonya yizici zemvelo. Lapho wadalula nezilwanyana ezincane ezihlukahlukene bangaba ultra-esihle kuyizinhlayiyana zokuhlunga noma giant izakhiwo branched. Ngo izimo ezikahle, i-ILO ukuthola ukuma ejwayelekile.

Amafomu sofuba emathunjini

Lesi sifo isihloko zihlukaniswe zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Isifo sofuba idluliselwa njengoba wamathumbu, yingakho kukhona? Impendulo yalo mbuzo kunikezwa. Ngakho, isifo sofuba eyinhloko kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

• Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa ubisi unboiled izinkomo tuberculous.
• Lapho ukusabalalisa hematogenous sofuba Mycobacterium kusuka okuzobhekwa zisuka kule wamaphaphu, izindlala zamanzi.
• Ngenxa ukusetshenziswa ukudla izitsha utheleleke nge sofuba Mycobacterium, noma umkhumbi, laphetfwe ngabantu banaso lesi sifo.

Ifomu yesibili isifo kwenzeka iziguli womuntu umonakalo wamaphaphu ngenxa ukungenisa isikhwehlela kanye ngamathe. sofuba Mycobacterium ngale ndlela ukufinyelela emathunjini futhi ngegciwane nodonga lwawo (ikakhulukazi kuthinte ileum). Lokhu kuphumela fistulas kanye ezibangelwa ukungaphenduki embhedeni. Eziyingozi uma ezizungezile sofuba emathunjini? легочной формы. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi lesi sifo ngokuvamile inqubo yesibili ezenzeka ngesikhathi intuthuko yefomu yamaphaphu. Okuningi akuvamile emathunjini isifo sofuba esiyinhloko, ukuthuthukisa ngenxa ukutheleleka alimentary.

izimpawu

Ngo sofuba emathunjini abantu ubeke ngezibonakaliso ezilandelayo esolisayo:

1. Izimpawu lokudakwa. Ngenxa yokugula iphango elahlekile, iqala ukuze wehlise isisindo emzimbeni. Iziguli esekhala ukujuluka ebusuku, imfiva. Abesifazane kungenzeka ukuya esikhathini lingekho.
2. izimpawu emathunjini. Ekuqaleni lesi sifo kukhona ukuqunjelwa kwezinye abantu. Luyakukhahlela kahle ilandelwe, njengoba umthetho, yesikhathi eside futhi kungaba okulimazayo sohudo. Iziguli uthintane ochwepheshe futhi ezikhala ngezinhlungu ubuhlungu esiswini.
3. Ukutholakala imfundo. On palpation esiswini kungenzeka palpable maloboleznennaya lwesimila.

Lapho elimazayo esidalwa yizilonda emathunjini sibe lesion emathunjini kwenzeka izimpawu yokucasuka peritoneal. Iziguli enomkhuhlane. Indle kukhona igazi ebonakalayo noma izingxenye zalo (erythrocyte, leucocytes) atholakala ngochwepheshe ku ucwaningo usebenzisa ngesibonakhulu. Ukuze inqubo esidalwa yizilonda emathunjini sibe elimazayo kungenziwa libhekene ukuxakeka. Ngokuvamile lapho ukopha, isimiso emathunjini, ukwephulwa kwamalungelo ubuqotho nodonga lwawo.

ekuxilongweni kwe-TB

Sitholakele "sofuba emathunjini" kungaba inikelwe ngochwepheshe ngemva ngokuzimisela efanele. Kuhlanganisa:

• tuberculin;
• X-ray;
• colonoscopy;
• barium yombala enema;
• laparoscopy futhi biopsy.

izindlela Abaningana impela ulwazi computer tomography futhi laparoscopy. Ngo isicelo yalezi zindlela ukuxilongwa ochwepheshe ngokuvamile zitholakala kwezinye iziguli calcified mesenteric lymph node, tubercles. Ulwazi kanye-X-ray luhlolo. Siyabonga kuye, ochwepheshe zembula izimpawu sofuba emathunjini (isibonelo, barium yombala nokugcinwa ku cecum e yokukhululwa neminye iminyango).

Kvantiferonovy test - laboratory indlela yesimanje elikuvumela ukukhomba ukutheleleka. Ukuze ahlanganise uphethwe isifo sofuba kufanele ucabangele ke kanye. Ngakho, lokho okushiwo yinkulumo yokuhlola ukufunda umthamo wegazi lesiguli. Yena aqashiwe esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni kusuka umthambo futhi ibekwe endaweni ikhithi ekhethekile ehlanganisa amashubhu ezintathu. Ngemva nokuqoqwa kwegazi izazi ucwaningo. Kvantiferonovy test anganika omuhle, omubi futhi Equivocal:

1. A yi omuhle ubonisa ukutheleleka nge-Office.
2. A yi negative kutholakala abantu enempilo. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uma Akubalulekile siqambe ukutheleleka ngesifo sofuba Mycobacterium. Umphumela ungase ube ukungahambisani engeyinhle zamanga. Lokhu kwenzeka izinkathi ekuseni ukutheleleka, ngoba immunodeficiency uthi.
3. yi ngabazeka kungenzeka onalezizimpawu ngazinye amasosha omzimba, kanye ukwephulwa izimfuneko preanalytical. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi, odokotela anqume ocingweni igazi elisha noma ukuqokwa vo ezengeziwe.

ukuxilongwa umehluko

Labo izimfanelo ukuthi ngokuthandana ochwepheshe lapho kuhlolwa abantu ngesifo sofuba esolwa emathunjini kungenzeka libhekene nezinye izifo ukuvuvukala. Kukhulu ngezindlela isifo ezivamile libizwa izilonda emathunjini, isifo Crohn, isifo sohudo amoebic, izimila emathunjini. Ukuze ithole ukuxilongwa okufanele kudinga ukuxilongwa umehluko :

1. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho uhudo amoebic , nezimila, luhlolo histological kufanele kwenziwe.
2. Ngenxa endoscopic biopsy sarkoidopodobnye granulomas zingatholakala, ehlanganisa lymphocyte ukuthi kukhona maphakathi amaseli ezinkulu ezifana Pirogov-Langhans. Letakhi kukhona isici sofuba emathunjini bese isifo Crohn. Ukuhlukanisa sifo kusuka komunye nomunye, zingase amakhaya caseous necrosis. Bona kwenzeke kuphela granulomas e sofuba emathunjini.

ekwelapheni lesi sifo

Lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo "sofuba emathunjini" impatho iqala izibhedlela ezikhethekile. Umgomo wakhe - isekelé ukuphulukiswa foci ukutheleleka, ukuqedwa izimpawu. Ukwelapha isifo sofuba lide kakhulu. Yokutakula kwenzeka kungakapheli nonyaka ngokwesilinganiso. Kwezinye izimo, kuthatha isikhathi kakhulu okuphulukisa.

Ngo sofuba emathunjini kuyadingeka ukuqedela ukwelashwa. ingxenye Its main - a ngamakhemikhali. Odokotela akhethiwe ukwakhiwa ethize inquma inhlanganisela umthamo wabo. Ekuqaleni le yelashwa ngamakhemikhali. It kuvimbela ukubuyabuyelela of mycobacteria, kunciphisa inani labo. Ngokuphathelene ukwelashwa zemithi kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi nsuku zonke ingasetshenziswa:

• "INH" futhi "rifampicin";
• "INH" futhi "Ethambutol".

Inhlanganisela yokuqala izidakamizwa uqokelwa inkathi 9 izinyanga ezingu-12, kanti eyesibili - at 18. Impatho enjalo isikhathi eside kuyadingeka ngenxa yokuthi mycobacteria zanda kancane, futhi kungase eside isebenze.

Uma wembula emathunjini sofuba ukuhlola, ngeke ngempela zabelwe ukwelashwa olandelanayo. Akukhona njalo akwazi ukunikeza yi kulindeleke. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela linqume ukuhlinzwa. Ibonisa ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenza ingase yabelwe nge semali uketshezi ngaphakathi komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu. Ukuhlinzwa kudinga mechanical isimiso emathunjini. izimbangela sayo singaba ukuhlala emva ephulukisa izibazi kanye ukuvuvukala phakathi izihibe wamathumbu.

Lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana ekwelapheni

Inkinga eyinhloko nge ekwelapheni isifo sofuba emathunjini ukungabi isiyalo abagulayo. Iziguli eziningi musa ukulandela izincomo ochwepheshe futhi ziphazamise reception izidakamizwa tuberculostatic. Ngenxa ukuqedwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngamakhemikhali iyanda inqubo. Enye inkinga iwukuthi ngemva ukuphuza imithi kadokotela zingavela engemihle. imiphumela emibi imiphumela anobuthi izidakamizwa yilezi:

1. Ukusha Kwesibindi Kohlobo - isifo sokuvuvukala kwesibindi.
2. Thrombocytopenia - isimo okuyinto ukunciphisa esivela inani platelet.
3. Neuritis - isifo sokuvuvukala izinzwa.
4. ukwehluleka kwezinso - isimo sokugembula libhekene ukuphazamiseka nokusebenza kwezinso.

Imiphumela engemihle awaveli kaningi kakhulu. Babhekene 3-5% labantu abathola "rifampicin" futhi "INH", futhi 1-2% eziguli iphathwa "isoniazid" futhi "ethambutol". Lapho side effects kuyahlukahluka uhlelo lokwelapha.

emathunjini sofuba nemiphumela

Onalesi sifo lesi sifo kuxhomeke endleleni ngokushesha Ochwepheshe ukuxilonga izifo kanye therapy kunikezelwe. Ezimweni ezithuthukile, kanye izilonda ebhubhisayo mncane amathumbu umhlahlo okungekuhle ngenxa ukuphinda isimiso emathunjini bese malabsorption izakhamzimba. Ngaphansi umhlahlo engenathemba inikezwe e izilonda ikholoni.

ekuvimbeleni izifo

Ukuze uvimbele sofuba emathunjini yokwelapha izifo. Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ingabe udinga umuntu othile, afeze isitatimende owandulelayo test tuberculin. Uma umphumela omuhle, ukwelashwa kokuvimbela umiswa. Kuyinto chemoprophylaxis "isoniazid" ungakapheli unyaka 1. yesondlo Zokuzivikela Kwenziwa hhayi kuphela omuhle isikhumba tuberculin test ukugwema izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba emathunjini. kungenzeka Izizathu ngokuqokwa kwakhe kanje:

• Man ngokuvamile abaxhumana nabantu abanezinkolelo i-TB ephilayo.
• Isiguli kuthatha corticosteroids namanxusa immunosuppressive.
• Man ehlupheka immunodeficiencies zasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukubonakala izimpawu asolisayo ejwayelekile sofuba emathunjini, kufanele usheshe uye emtholampilo kudokotela. Uma abasolwa Uchwepheshe okuthiwa isifo, isiguli izothunyelwa ku zosizo ezikhethekile TB.