.30-06 osezingeni mm, izici zayo. Izibuyekezo mayelana isikhali osezingeni .30-06

Futhi ongalisebenzisa ukuze azingele osezingeni .30-06 igobolondo, isibonelo? Ake sibheke amathuba lokhu nezinhlamvu. Yayisekelwe Kuyinkolelo-ze lithi 'wayengumshumayeli ethandwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sempi yaseKorea. WokuQala nowesiBili neMpi Yezwe akulona ngaphandle iqhaza layo.

Ngokuvamile 7,62H63 mm (.30-06 Springfield) - indinganiso machine gun noma isibhamu ebumbeneko abavikela American kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. It lalikhishwa 1906 kuze 1952. Le modeli isetshenziswa namhlanje ngenkathi ozingela ezemidlalo sigameko.

indaba

Ngokuthakazelisayo, warhead .30-06 osezingeni wavela amasosha aseMelika ngo-1906 (kungakho igama lakhe kwakunguJohane). Esikhundleni igobolondo .30-03, eyakhululwa ngo-1903.

izinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlamvu zazakhiwa emva kokuphothulwa kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngakho, kwakukhona cartridges nge 11.3 amalutshwana kusiya amachashazi - .30 M1 Ball (esasungulwa ngo-1926) kanye amachashazi 9.7 amalutshwana kusiya - .30 M2 Ball (ngo-1938).

Ngo-1936, iButho Lempi Lase- ehlome isibhamu yesimanje othomathikhi M1 "Garand" bese eqala umsebenzi lapho kuvezwa izikhali ngaphansi ophethe .30-06 osezingeni. Futhi ngo-1944, Melika uye wazakhela ngezibhamu prototype T20 (M1 "Garand" nge umagazini esikhiphekayo, ehlalisa imizuliswano amabili kusukela isibhamu-umshini "Browning" M1918 kanye Dar ihlumela Ukuvutha).

Ekugcineni impi e-US iphelile futhi ochwepheshe wahlanganyela womshini a igobolondo entsha, okuyinto encane Ubukhulu jikelele ngabe ukugcina idatha ballistic .30-06 izinhlamvu (7,62H63 mm). Ngo-1950 T65 icala lenziwe, okuyinto wajoyina impi ngaphansi kwegama NATO 7,62H51 mm. Yiqiniso, kwaba okufanayo umkhiqizo .30-06 osezingeni, kodwa manje kwadingeka a se mfushane 12 mm. ukushaja lenziwa powder namandla futhi ngcono enikeze kuqhubeke efanayo. By endleleni, kusukela ngo-2000, yonke abakhiqizi ukuhlomisa osezingeni powder efanayo, lapho-ke lunamandla ka mkhulu kunezinhliziyo .308 20%.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kusukela ngo-2000, i-warhead ekhiqizwa eRussia by JSC "Barnaul Machine-Ithuluzi Isitshalo" njengoba yezemidlalo nokuzingela cartridges.

imishini uphethe isibhamu ukuze cartridges 7,62H63 mm

• Springfild M1903.
• Johnson M1941 isibhamu.
• M1 "Garand".
• "Browning" M1917.
• Chauchat.
• "Browning" M1919.
• isibhamu UJohnson.
• Okuzenzakalelayo Rifle "Browning" M1918.

"Springfield"

.30-06 Springfield - lokhu usayizi warhead ka 7,62 mm. amasosha US Army ehlome nabo ngo-1906 kokudubula isibhamu "Springfield" nango-1936 bakhe baqala ukusebenzisa isibhamu "Garand".

Ngokuvamile, izibalo ukhombise .30-06 osezingeni 0.30 amayintshi isampula ngo-1906. Warhead eziqhutshwa iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu. Okulandelayo kuthiwa lathathelwa indawo NATO imikhiqizo 7.62H51 futhi 5,56H45 mm.

By the way, ifomethi .30-06 abazingeli ihlonishwe kokubili aseNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika.

osezingeni	Inhlamvu isisindo, g	Vơ m / s	EO Joules
.30-06	7.1	1030	3766
.30-06	9.7	890	3842
.30-06	11.7	825	3982
.30-06	14.7	735	3863

"Inkosi Uncrowned"

Futhi niyazi ukuthi osezingeni .30-06 kubhekiselwa kuye ngokuthi "inkosi uncrowned amakhosi"? By the way, lezi "amakhosi" wadala ibutho: base kudingekile esikhathini esithile emlandweni ukubhubhisa isitha. Obsolete sithathelwe indawo abasanda-United States, ongakabi uvele kancane Frisky futhi 223 iNsalela.

Futhi njengoba lezi zikhali isikhathi eside hhayi sezithotshiselwe phansi ucwaningo, ochwepheshe uhlala kuphela ukujwayela ukuba izidingo emakethe empini, okungukuthi, ukuze zizingelwe. Ngempela, osezingeni .30-06 wazibonakalisa olinganiselayo ngokumangalisayo (zonke izakhi ze-amacala alolu hlobo kuhlanganiswe kahle). A .308, phakathi kwezinye izinto, wayebuye abe ngumsizi wabaningi sniper.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le ndlela ezingenamafutha kwadingeka ukuthi ahambe namasosha German 8H57, kamuva anda ubukhulu ukuze 8.2 mm. onobuhle yakhe zenzelwe ukuzingela, bachazwa: the 8H57, 8H57 JS, futhi imikhono nge Flanges 8H57IRS. Amandla chuck uqhathaniswa 30-06 SPR.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ungakwazi bangaphezi ngcono. Ngenxa yalokho, namuhla .30 osezingeni amachashazi eseke iqoqo elikhulu zokuguqulwa ahlukahlukene kanye nesisindo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi enza yabo bazenzela cishe zonke abakhiqizi ezinkulu cartridges.

.308 Winchester

Ingabe wake wazibuza ukuthi ubukhulu abakhethiwe okuzingela? .30-06 futhi .308 - lena izibalo ethakazelisa kakhulu. Njengamanje senza futhi ucabangele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kusukela 1952 .308 Winchester iyathandwa emakethe non-lempi ezaziwayo. It kwehlukile NATO 7,62H51 mm ivolumu sangaphakathi liner.

Lapho ukucindezela emgqonyeni ifinyelela 3600 ibha, umkhiqizo yanda kuze kufinyelele 880 m / s, futhi amandla luyanda 3840 J. sezikhali olungasihlomisela zonke izinhlobo zezibhamu entsha enesisindo 9,7-13,0 g futhi ububanzi esiphezulu 7,85 mm. Lapha, ubude umkhawulo we-sleeve elilingana 51,18 mm, a inkatho kuyinto 12 amasentimitha.

Ekuqaleni, kwaba ngaphansi ethandwa ngaphandle .30-06, kodwa iye yatha- ngokushesha okukhulu. Igobolondo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa imincintiswano sokudubula, kubizwa sniper impi, futhi manje Kunconywa inembe kakhulu kunazo isibhamu nezinhlamvu phakathi osezingeni eliphezulu.

Lokhu igobolondo bakhetha ukusebenzisa abazingeli Russian. By the way, sibonga L. I. Brezhnevu nangeqiniso, akayena onyakeni wokuqala ikhiqizwa eRussia ngaphansi kwegama 7,62H51, futhi eqinisweni ububanzi rifled izibhamu lokhu format uyanda njalo ngonyaka. ukubuya engaqinile, kungenzeka amachashazi esindayo, 13 g, ukunemba yemvelo futhi izindleko eliphansi igobolondo wamenza yimpumelelo enkulu. Lokhu warhead uyazi futhi isebenzisa yonke le mbulunga.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kuyi-izimo Russian isetshenziselwa abazingela izilwane ezincane: amaphiva, izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi .308 akuyona ukhetho kangcono ezidla uhlaza ezinkulu, ngakho badinga kuphela ukudubula "esikhundleni", le warhead silungile kakhulu, uhla olude kodwa lincane.

Yiziphi izici sici format has a .308 Win? Ukukhetha kusukela lenqwaba izikhali zebhizinisi kuleyo izingalo emakethe, singaphetha ngokuthi igobolondo cishe njalo carbine lingashajwa, okuzokwenza ukunikeza ukunemba kuhle: amamitha angamakhulu kuze kube ngamasentimitha amane.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, .308 Win izinhlamvu angasetshenziswa ukwenziwa Russian sokudubula sokuprakthiza. Lokhu ehilelekile abazingeli wamukelekile ozihluphekelayo, njengoba angaphandle eliphezulu cartridges eqolo ngenani.

jikelele .30-06

Kungenzeka Kubafundi ukuyichaza ukuthi .30-06 osezingeni sinezici emangalisayo? Igobolondo yalolu hlobo wayedume kakhulu e-United States 20-30 kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngaleso sikhathi wayenendlu ithuba ukuze bawele umngcele US. Ngo kahle ihlanganisa zonke izici igobolondo - amandla ledzingekako emakamelweni emikhonweni, engela yayo yokuma kwayo indawo, dulcitol ubude, ububanzi amachashazi. Ezweni lanamuhla elisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kuba uhlobo lokuma.

Cartridges ukuthi ube ubukhulu .30-06, bezithombe kungaba ukuziqhayisa emangalisayo! Ngokuvamile, warhead is kufanele ngokuthi imikhiqizo ukuzingela owaziwa kakhulu futhi ezivamile asetshenziswe ngokudubula kusukela izibhamu rifled.

Futhi iyini ikakhulukazi .30-06? Ngenxa capacious powder breech emikhonweni 64 kuhlanganiswe ngokuphumelelayo umugqa egcwele 7,82 mm zezibhamu linesisindo 6.5 g ukuze 14.3 g (manual igiya 16 g): ehilelekile asebenzayo inikeza umcibisholo "ithuluzi" lebanga ebanzi ukuzingela.

I cartridges lokhu osezingeni kwenza isibalo esikhulu izinkampani emhlabeni wonke. Ziyakwazi engabizi futhi avame kakhulu Melika, lapho esetshenziselwa abazingeli umdlalo onhlobonhlobo. Yiqiniso, ubukhulu ichashazi .30-06 inenombolo umxhwele izinguqulo, futhi iyamangalisa. Ngokuvamile nale igobolondo ingafaniswa 308 Win kuphela. By the way, ichashazi elahlukile .30-06 has a Isivinini nomlomo namandla ngaso imingcele 734-942 m / s no 3270-4120 J. A ichashazi ububanzi ifinyelela 7,85 mm, isinyathelo yayo rifling oluhambisana amayintshi eziyishumi.

Eminyakeni yamuva, i-warhead eyathandwa kakhulu eRussia ngemva kokuphothula yesibili .308 Win. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule namafektri zethu zaqala ukukhiqiza .30-06 osezingeni isikhali. Ngakho-ke, kulandwe amaphisi amaningi ubhekisisa kulokho umxhasi zikhetha. Ikakhulukazi emhlabeni kulezi sezikhali ezimbili baye bayinqoba ukuqashelwa efanayo. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe, ngamunye wabo izinga layo evumayo nangenkathi engenamsebenzi.

Ngakho, ngenxa warhead Russian .30-06 ukuzingela kungcono ezingaphezu kuka 7,62x54R futhi .308 Win, naye ukusebenza ballistic cishe oda efanayo. Awucabangi ukuthi .30-06 osezingeni mm outperforms lezi izimbangi? Igobolondo has a emikhonweni nge yenqwaba yangaphakathi, amade futhi kancane ezijulile Dultsev kokwehla amachashazi. Yena kahle uzihlomisa amachashazi omkhulu futhi eside, ivolumu zazo sincane kakhulu ukuze ajabulise lemali edingekayo powder.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, usebenzisa ichashazi ka 13.0 futhi 14.3 g, umehluko ingatholakala izinga kokuqala okuhambelana 80 m / s, futhi amandla - 650 J. Lokhu caveat kubaluleke kakhulu ..

Ngokujwayelekile warhead .30-06 ababezingela umdlalo ezahlukene kakhulu. Isandla sakhe snaryadka kwandisa ibanga phakathi kwakhe .308 Win: izibalo bakhe abaseduze kwemigomo sezikhali commercial .300 Win Mag. Umkhawulo ichashazi nesisindo .30-06 - 13 g, futhi ngezinye .308 - 11.7 g Eqinisweni, kokuba osezingeni .30-06 zezibhamu omkhulu 13-14 g, zizwe ukhululekile ukuya umdlalo omkhulu.

Ngokuvamile, .30-06 ibizwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo jikelele: LBW ichashazi enesisindo 8 amagremu, futhi engaciba fox futhi impisi, ngisho amadada. Uma it has a isisindo 9,7-10,7 g, izimbuzi zasezintabeni, imvu, ungulates encane amamitha angamakhulu amathathu ibanga babe Trophies isandla ngaphandle izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kodwa kuthiwani izinyamazane ezinkulu (izinyamazane, obomvu inyamazane)? Ukuziqhayisa isizinda esinjalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu umthofu amabhola enesisindo 11,66 amagremu, ezibhekwa killer at ibanga 250 m.

Ochwepheshe ukweluleka amaphiva nezintibane enkulu esetshenziswa izinhlamvu ezivela 2,96 g ukuze 14,25 g, 16.2 g, Vulkan, Teilmantel nezinye ebalulwe isicelo .308 igobolondo. sici Ezinhle .30-06 ngokuthi nokuhambisana nazo zonke zakamuva izikhali izinhlelo yokucina. Kakhulu ethandwa ukuzingela ngezibhamu osezingeni .30-06 nge yesivalo longitudinally-ezihambayo, carbines, semiautomatic, isibhamu ngcono, ifakwe ezithathekayo ibhodi lemisindo Colt noma shackle uHenry. ngisho odnozaryadki zingatholakala emakethe, lapho kukhona thwi ezithathekayo yesivalo "Ruger" uhlelo.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, .30-06 ngaphandle abarimi, kodwa onengubo ngokulinganisela yokusebenza ingcindezi, wakwazi ukuba zijoyine ethandwa e izikhali Europe kuhlanganiswe. Emazweni lokhu osezingeni .30-06 esifundeni wathola nemibiko emihle kuphela. Abazingeli abaningi oluphethe izikhali Steyr-Mannlicher futhi CZ-550, simdumise njalo ngomzuzu. Futhi akekho umuntu okhuluma kabi lo mkhuba, zonke waphawula knockdown sakhe esihle. Abaningi bathi ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa amachashazi 13 11.7 g

Labo imicibisholo kuyaqabukela ezingelwa, noma ungenayo imali eningi Ungathenga carbine "Moose." abantu abaningi kakhulu ukuthenga carbines ifektri "Hammer" (Vyatskiye Polyansky). Kusuka izikhali angaphandle angakuthola ngokuphepha CZ-550 izibhamu. Nokho, imishini, Yebo, "Tiger" noma "izingulube".

namathathu banesifo esibi carbines

Vumelana .30-06 osezingeni izikhali emangalisayo! It is kancane kancane ekwandiseni injongo yaso Russian emakethe ukuzingela. Izinkampani eziningi angaphandle wahlanganyela yokukhiqiza of izibhamu zokuzingela, ukunikela isibonelo sokuba lokhu osezingeni, ngakho uhla lo mkhiqizo omkhulu izitolo isibhamu.

Ngokwesibonelo, isibhamu esitolo "Arsenal" (Petersburg), inikeza amakhasimende ayo .30-06 osezingeni ukuzingela ngezibhamu ngamanani amakhulu: Browning BAR amasampula 2, noSauer 202, Asera, Blaser R93, SBS 96 Steyr Mannlicher, Swiss SHR970.

Lapha umzingeli ngamunye ungakhetha umkhiqizo, ikhumbula izintandokazi zabo ngabanye. Unqume ukuthenga isibhamu self-yokulayisha? Zizwe ukhululekile ukuthenga BAR 2! Kodwa uma uthanda isampula esiqinile nge umshudo ligijima, kubalulekile ukuba banake SHR, SBS, Eurobolt noma noSauer.

Udinga shotgun ezinhle? osezingeni .30-06 batusa iyiphi Bhalobhasha! Ungakwazi ucabangele ukuthenga Mannlicher carbine nge uhlelo i ngokuvikela okuthuthukile, noma Browning okuthembekile, kodwa ungakwazi nje bathembele uphawu owaziwa.

Ezinye abazingeli ngihloniphe SHR Swiss ngokunemba kanye sobuhle bayo engavamile 202-th inkampani isampula noSauer, okuyinto i engavamile obandayo bhokisi ibhokisi isiqu ezaziwayo.

Very interesting Asera futhi Blaser R93. Uma umzingeli uzoyilalela carbines efakwe futhi ukuthola omunye wabo, uyobe uthole wenza kahle futhi isikhali okunokwethenjelwa efanelekayo abazingela osezingeni Russian. Ikakhulukazi kusukela igobolondo inhlamvu osezingeni .30-06 okwamanje akuzona eyindlala. Ngemva emakethe ungathenga izinkampani Temphi Letitichumane siyiswe RWS (Dynamit kaNobel), okungaba ukulingana afika kwamane ongakhetha. By the way, ngokuvamile kakhulu izikhali RWS amafemu ukusebenzisa njengendlela lokuma ukuhlola ukunemba imikhiqizo umlilo threaded.

izincomo

Akekho umuntu ofuna ukuthola abashisekeli angaphandle ngamanani crazy! Aint it? Ngakho-ke, abanikazi ngezibhamu .30-06 ayisungula kwamanye amazwe Ungayenza iphawule emikhiqizweni Novosibirsk abasebenzi ifektri:

• SPR .30-06. FMJ. Elingisa ukulwa ulele, ichashazi enesisindo 13 g, Tompakova igobolondo. Inhlamvu senziwa zethusi. Le modeli yakhelwe kokudubula kusukela trohsotmetrovki.
• SPR .30-06. FMJ. Inhlamvu lokhu warhead kuyinto Tompakova igobolondo nesisindo 9.4 Lapha emikhonweni nethusi, isivinini kokuqala umkhiqizo - 855 / s. Warhead eyenzelwe ukuzingela zochwepheshe nabasafunda izilwane nesisindo 150 kg at ibanga amamitha angamakhulu amathathu.
• SPR .30-06. SP kuyinto emikhonweni ngethusi. Isisindo ichashazi - 9.4, isivinini eyinhloko - 865 m / s. Umkhiqizo has a igobolondo Tompakova yethusi SP. warhead Amateurish esetshenziselwa ukudoba futhi abazingela izilwane nesisindo 400 kg buqamama ayi-400.

ingxoxo

Ayikho Bhalobhasha emhlabeni ukuthi okungenani kanye empilweni hhayi okuxoxwe hhayi qhathanisa .308 futhi .30-06 nezinhlamvu. Yiqiniso, Springfield sihloko sibonga ukungqubuzana Spanish-American ukuthi 1898 kwabheduka (izwe wawalwela ifa Cuba). Amasosha Spanish babaziwa kanjalo ngaleso abehlome ngezibhamu ngezibhamu Mauser M-1893 futhi shtatovtsy zazimane "Krag-Jorgensen" osezingeni .30-40 (US amabutho Uthole isifundo esihle).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1903, amasosha US bebehlome nge new ngezibhamu Springfield M-1903. Kwakumelwe efana Mauser, Ngakho-ke, i-ukusetshenziswa ubunjiniyela German States kwakudingeka akhokhe enkantolo.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, kokuqala .30-06 osezingeni mm ingeqi izimbangi zayo kwadingeka ichashazi esindayo enesisindo 14 amagremu nge ekupheleni blunt. Ngo-1906, i-lead entsha ezicijile icala lenziwe, enesisindo 9.7 g, umkhiqizo isibe abavikela enamandla kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. amasosha Shtatovskih wayemthanda ngokushesha okukhulu.

Hlobo luni Imininingwane usinikeze abadali .308 futhi .30-06? Bathi, isimiso, abazingeli zihlale nentshisekelo ukongiwa amandla ngesikhathi labadubuli. Kodwa le ndlela kuncike ijubane nesisindo. Lapha siyabona ukuthi nomlomo we kwehlukana kwalesi ipharamitha kuyinto 291 J, at ibanga 200 m, it is sehliselwe 122 J futhi ifinyelela 66 300 J. m.

Speed Priority 9 m / s at ibanga 300 m akuyona kuhlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile, kanye touted labadubuli range. Eqinisweni, bambalwa abantu ongamtshela umehluko emehlweni amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. Ukuthukwa e ngokweqile ukubala iphutha-ekutholeni ingathathwa zibe akhawunti. Ngokusobala, lokhu idatha okulinganiselwa ku, kodwa etholakala esebenzisa imishini, kunokuthi iso.

Izibuyekezo

Ngokuthakazelisayo, futhi yini izindawo walidumisa osezingeni .30-06 abazingeli? Abaningi ukweluleka ukuthenga Nikon 2-7H32, ngoba usebenza emihle. Futhi namanje batusa ukusetshenziswa amachashazi 1.7: they thola ukuthi they anele iyiphi indondo. Abanye bathi lokhu ichashazi kuyinto kunalokho ebuthakathaka ngenxa eKamchatka bear noma nama-moose, kodwa bonke abantu bekwazi ukufunda ngezenzo.

Isikhathi esining impela, abazingeli ukubika ukuthi wazama slug 13 g phakathi noshushiso, at amabanga kuze 150 m, kodwa umehluko ukunemba ungazange wakuphawula, kodwa akazange ame isilo. Abaningi belulekwa uma ngokudubula wild izingulube inzuzo wechibi ukunikeza 11.7 g

Ngokuvamile imicibisholo bathi uma ukuzingela izingulube, imbuzi noma amaphiva ke udinga makudle ubukhulu .30-06. I inhlamvu ngoyisiwula kusinda anakho okungcono amandla ephumula, okusho ukuthi ngenxa eyayilimele isilwane run kudingeka kancane.

Futhi ekugcineni thina uzokhokha kancane ukunakwa carbine "Tiger". Ngemva kokuxoxa nenani Amazing abazingeli, kungashiwo kushiwo ngokuzethemba ukuthi lesi sikhali Izibuyekezo omuhle kuphela. Ngoba ukuthola ethambile iphuzu ichashazi (13.2 - 13 g). Uma zinesisindo kakhudlwana, kungukuthi asetshenziswa, njengoba beye benza trajectory steeper, okuyinto NZIMA kuhloswe.

Ngokuvamile, 13.2 g esihle ongenalwazi-moose e ibanga 250 m kusuka isibhamu "ihlosi". Mshini ngu Kusho ukuthini ukuba umKristu evimbela kahle misfires futhi wokufaka okungazelelwe.

Ukwenza amaphetheni phezu amafushane naphakathi e inguqulo ufushanisiwe ka "Tiger" ngokuvamile idlula ukusebenza amasampula nge emgqonyeni ubude ejwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, elula kakhulu, lapho isibhamu engasindi, futhi kangcono maneuverability.

Imicibisholo musa batusa ukuthenga plastic. Ngemva epholisa esandleni abandayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi creaks. Ngakho-ke, iningi ukhetha izinkuni. Abaningi emthini Kusho ukuthini ukuba umKristu ebuka ugunyaza amayunithi ezempi.

Ezimakethe ungathenga "Tigers" ngaphansi warhead .308 Win 9H64. Yiqiniso, ukusetshenziswa "NATO igobolondo" ukwamukela kuphela ibanga emincane abacibishelayo, kodwa ke ungakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi ukuzingelwa. Njengomthetho, abazingeli baphikisa ngokuthi carbine 9-mm iyisikhali ethize, bakwazi agcwalisa umdlalo omkhulu.

Ngokuyinhloko abakushoyo ngaye, ke ingenye ezivelele kunazo Russian semi-automatic ukuzingela ngezibhamu. He is eqondile nesingakhangi iyasebenza.

Sithemba esiye sabasiza ukuba uqonde ezinye izindaba. ukuzingela ezimnandi!