Abasebenzi Ikhaya phambi. abasebenzi Ikhaya phambi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe

Eminyakeni yamuva, zabizwa kuphela njengoba isigaba emphakathini. Uhlu ilungelo uwafake ngezikhathi akhononde ngokuntuleka izinzuzo. Nokho, umuntu elusizi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kubonakala sengathi lezi namaxhegu lasendulo futhi abesifazane esivela isimo sakhe esiningi futhi zazhilis ngempela kuleli zwe. Kodwa naphezu ababeshisekela kulaba bantu abadala esikhukhula asekhona nathi, nakuba isibalo sabo kancane kancane kunciphisa njalo ngonyaka. Bangobani, abenza ezingemuva?

Ezinye amagama

Lesi sigaba umthetho Russian libabiza abantu ngubani, ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili (WWII) ukusebenza langemuva izinyanga okungenani eziyisithupha, okuyinto baqiniswa imibhalo yabo. Sencazelo "abasebenzi ekhaya phambi" embozwe nalabo ahlonishwe ngoba imisebenzi yabo kule minyaka nge oda kanye izindondo wase-USSR - kusindisa kubo ekutheni ukufakazela iqiniso umsebenzi nganoma iyiphi enye indlela.

kancane izibalo

Impi yezwe wobushiqela yaphela cishe 70 edlule. Isibalo esifanayo kunqunywa, kanti isilinganiso bempilo Russia. Ngamanye amazwi, iningi labo weza ezweni ekupheleni kwempi, akasaphili. Bangaki abantu besishiyile, labo Asizalwa nje ngaphambi, kodwa futhi ukwazi ukusebenza phakathi nempi, ziqhubekele, ukuze konke okusemandleni, usindiso olukhulu?

Mhlawumbe ayisekho emhlabeni walabo besifazane nobuqhawe abaye impi esikhundleni amadoda wehlela kwemayini noma wazama alime ezweni laseSiberia eqandisiwe ke ukuba abhake izinkwa ukuze isosha elwa. Iningi kwesokunxele kuleli zwe, futhi labo ephakanyiswe izingalo izimboni, abangamalungu siyingcuba futhi isigamu-babulawa izinsuku akuwenzanga umshini ukunikeza ibutho nge izingalo. Ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwencazelo "abasebenzi ekhaya phambi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe" libhekisela izingane. Noma kunalokho, owayeyilungu ingane phakathi naleyo minyaka esabekayo, kodwa musa nje siphile ukuphila kosana ojayelekileko (kodwa-ke kwakunzima), futhi wasebenza ezimbonini, amapulazi state, ezibhedlela kokuzama ukwenza umnikelo ukunqoba ezivamile ngaphezu kwesitha.

On izici yokufundisa

ESoviet Union, ukunaka kakhulu sakhokhwa imfundo yokushisekela izwe wobusha ezibonelweni nobuqhawe ontanga yabo. Umfundi ngamunye wamaSoviet wawungakwazi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi, ngokuthi Ukubutha okungenani eziyishumi izinhlamvu amagama amaphayona (noValya Kotik, leonid Golikov Zine Portnova et al.) Futhi ahlinzeke imininingwane feat yabo. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union isishintshe kakhulu: imibono izenzakalo ngazinye, nezindlela zokufundisa, futhi iningi lenhlangano Pioneer akuyona. Mhlawumbe, ezithile zokwakha kabusha umbono kwakudingeka ngempela.

Ngokwesibonelo, Pavlik Morozov - ungubani, ukuthi umlingisi ngempela? Noma ngumkhapheli umkhaya wakhe? Noma nje snotty, umfana oyisiwula, ibhajwe imidlalo omdala lomatima kangaka?

Ukuze bathi ebuntwaneni akuyona kuphela angenandaba, abafundi kwakudingeka. Kubalulekile ukutshela ukuthi kwakukhona ezinye izingane - abasebenzi ekhaya phambi, ogama umnikelo ukunqoba ezivamile ngaphezu kwesitha sokuboshwa ubudala babo futhi mncane impela kakhulu. Uma lesi sifundo emlandweni akuyona kahle okudingeka sizifunde, usazoba inani elikhulu avele uthukuthele thugs abasha, awukudla kanye ukukhohlisa asebekhulile. Bese bayokhula abadala isihlamba penny ubudala sobudala amalungelo abo.

By the way, ngezinzuzo

Ngo abazihlelele Soviet, ukushaqeka ukusebenza ngesikhathi sempi siye saba ngaphambili langemuva, wabizwa ngokuthi ehlukile - Veterans (labo wathatha ngqo iqhaza ekulweni, okuthiwa iGreat Patriotic neMpi ababambiqhaza). Ekupheleni kuka-80-yalolucwaningo of yengqikithi iqhaza kanye nezingqalabutho yehlile ku kangangokuthi umehluko izinzuzo, wabeka isigaba esisodwa noma esinye, kancane kancane waya "out". Ngo-1985, ababuya empini ziye zibalwa futhi abashokobezi wangaphambili owalwa ezifundeni ezinabantu. Kanye abahlanganyeli ngqo e seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili izimpi, abasebenzi ekhaya phambi bathole amalungelo athile futhi ngempela eningi. Uhlu lezi zinzuzo futhi inqubo ukulungiselela yawo kwakuyilawa zonke republic angu-USSR okufanayo.

Bese yini?

Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, ngamunye republic yangaphambili ngokwayo washayelwa salo sengqondo sokungafuni kuya Veterans, yena selithathe isinqumo kulezi abantu bathembele amalungelo. Okubi kakhulu kunakho konke kwadingeka ababuya empini okwakusemhlabathini ensimini ka emazweni aseBaltic. Azizange kuphela bancishwa zonke izinzuzo atholakalayo - uhulumeni omusha okuthiwa Soviet amasosha bahlaseli, futhi abanye kuzo babeze babhekana nengalo yomthetho. Ezindaweni eziningi nezinye republic ubuqhawe we Veterans awuzange sinqatshiwe, kodwa izinga lokuphila kwabo ukuthi ziyancipha. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, kwentengo nezintela, izinkinga ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa - konke lokhu buhlungu sina inhlalakahle kanye amathuba yangempela labantu asebekhulile.

Futhi eRussia?

ERussia nokuzuza okukhulu kwabantu amasosha aseSoviet (abasebenzi langemuva) hhayi kuphela wangabaza, kunalokho, unyaka nonyaka bayanda wagandelela ukuqakatheka kweLizwi ngesenzo sabo, futhi ukunqoba wobushiqela ngokwayo njalo ekubhekile konke omangalisayo. Kodwa ungakhohlwa lapho ngenxa yalo yobuningi bamazwi amahle salute wentokozo labo, eqinisweni, thina esikukweleta ngalokhu kunqoba?

I ambalwa abahlanganyeli wayesaphila bengaphambili zabasebenzi sabo siphatfwa kabi. Nakuba le ncazelo esisemthethweni Veterans impi kule nomthetho Russian kugcinelwe bonke abantu, zakhiwa ukunqoba, kodwa yethulwa ngo-2000 welithi "ekhaya phambi abasebenzi" izinzuzo zokugcina kakhulu ayisesemikhulu. Gone, ikakhulukazi, nokwanda okuphawulekayo impesheni yabo, kanye izinzuzo ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa kanye ukuthengwa kwemithi.

Akulona iqiniso ukusho ukuthi laba bantu abanandaba eRussia - abeka izimali ezithile nezintela nezinye izinzuzo. Kodwa ingxenye enkulu izinzuzo akutholakali kusukela yombuso kanye isabelomali kamasipala, futhi amakhono ayo zasezindaweni zingase zihluke kakhulu. Yebo, futhi izinkokhelo Veterans akuzona sikhulu kakhulu. umsebenzi wamaqhawe kwaba kungenzeka ukuhlola ezibizayo - lizwe akunakwenzeka ukuba mpofu!

zezinkumbulo

Izazi zomlando nababekade ethnographers kaningi, kodwa khumbula ngalaba bantu. Khuluma kubo, buza ngokuphila nezikhathi ezinzima, futhi sebekushicilela izinkumbulo empi. Yini asitshela abasebenzi isosha phambi ekhaya?

Emaphethelweni kwaseStalingrad sivikele wasebenza eziningi zomsebenzi Battalion. I umhlanganyeli Kolunye lwazo, A. V.Osadchaya, wayekhumbula indlela yena nabangane bakhe kwakudingeka basebenze ezimweni ezinzima, ukuze isixhokolo phansi eqandisiwe, ukwakha antitank ube nemigodi ngemigodi. Kusukela abandayo futhi ngimpofu umzimba abasha eba yiqhwa, embozwe izilonda. Kwadingeka ubusuku khona kule dank udaka maqhugwane, futhi ekuseni emuva ukusebenza, ngoba abanayo Manpower ngokwanele. Enye umhlanganyeli, M. P. Uskova, owakhuluma ngendlela abasebenzi ekhaya phambi ku nemibandela abanolaka kwaseStalingrad ebusika wageza egazini izandla zakhe, ukumba imisele futhi Ukugawulwa iqhwa ethubeleza ojantshi.

izinkumbulo ezinjalo ungezwakala izinkulungwane. Ukubaluleka ukuthi laba bantu asikwazi overestimated, njengoba akunakwenzeka ukwethula lonke uvivinyo futhi zaba namandla, olutholwa kubo. E Samara ngo-1996, kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo lamiswao "abasebenzi Juvenile ka ezingemuva 1941-1945. Samara Nokubonga. " Lo muzi, okuyinto phakathi nempi wayengomunye walaba main kwakha amazwe kahle umnikelo yenziwe izingane jikelele ezivamile ngokuwina imbiza.

isiphetho

Lapho osonhlalakahle kuphela cabanga abadala, nalabo ngekucindzetelwa, kuba esidumazayo kakhulu. Ukuguga - akukho ukumisa okwesikhashana ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, futhi esigabeni ngenakugwemeka wokuphila, futhi siphile kumele kube ngokugcwele futhi ngokwanele. Abantu abadala baye kwafeza lukhulu ukuchuma emphakathini, Abasikweleta eziningi esizukulwaneni esisha, futhi izikweletu kubantu ehloniphekile namanje zama ukunikeza.

Enye indlela ebalulekile by wokwahlulela isimo - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinhle kwasebekhulile. Ngeshwa, futhi Russia nanoma ubani omakhelwane bayo - isikhala wezwe post-Soviet - abakwazi ukuqhosha nokunakekelwa okukhethekile lesizukulwane esidala. Njengoba sibona, hhayi spoilt kakhulu futhi kulesi sigaba impesheni - benzi ezingemuva. Futhi maqondana nabo ukuba ongenandaba bengenandaba nje isigebengu.