Imidiyeni ezinzwa yomuntu: incazelo ukwakheka komzimba womuntu kanye nezici kwesakhiwo. Izimpawu Izinzwa lesemkhatsini

Umzimba womuntu - inqwaba yokwaziswa okulethwa yizinzwa, ngiwo banesibopho ukuhamba imilenze, izingalo, kanye neminye imisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, e-esandleni sendoda ezintathu eziyinhloko: osabalalayo lesemkhatsini, imizwa ulnar. Kokucindezela we emsipheni lesemkhatsini noma ukulimala noma yimuphi omunye kungaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína ne ukunyakaza ngesandla. Yilokho ngakho, sikhuluma namuhla, sifunda ngezici zalo, indawo, le pathologies main.

nokwakheka

Emsipheni lesemkhatsini - lokhu ingenye imizwa kunazo zonke kwezingu-plexus brachial. It evela izintambo we plexus brachial, noma kunalokho, phezu ezilingene medial. Endaweni ehlombe, eseduze e inkatho biceps phakathi kwawo wonke amanye izinzwa. Laphaya ezansi phambi esandleni ngembobo endololwaneni kuya ibhodi lemisindo, okuyinto kakhulu eseduze phakathi digitorum flexor - ezijulile futhi engajulile. Iphindze ubabonisa esigabeni engezansi inkatho phakathi nangaphakathi Umhubhe carpal aphuthelwe entendeni. Esikhathini Palmar aponeurosis ihlukaniswe amagatsha amathathu ukuphela okuyinto likhiqize izinhlobo ezingaphezu umunwe eziyisikhombisa nezinzwa ngabanye.

Emsipheni lesemkhatsini ku ibhodi lemisindo innervates hhayi ezimbili nje kuphela pronator, kodwa flexors. Okukhishiwe le flexor ulnar ka isihlakala kanye nengxenye yezikhulu flexor ezijulile, obhekene motor umsebenzi iminwe. Isandla, lapha uyena obangela imisipha isithupha kanye ezimbili worm-like, phakathi entendeni futhi ohlangothini Palmar I-III neminwe IV nengxenye.

ezinzwa umsebenzi

Ngamunye izinzwa emzimbeni womuntu obangela imisebenzi ethize. Ngokwesibonelo, emsipheni lesemkhatsini inikeza flexion nokwandiswa iminwe emithathu esandleni: isithupha, Inkomba kanye maphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyena obangela ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kokukhulekela isithupha futhi ibhodi lemisindo pronation.

Imisipha yoma uma beselulimala avame uboniswe Tenor. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka aba we entendeni yesandla sakho, futhi alethe isithupha kwenza ibhulashi kuyafana isidladla inkawu sika. Ukuze ngesandla ukuhlonza umonakalo ka emsipheni, kuyoba okwanele ukuze ithole izinzwa esibulalayo phalanges of iminwe emibili - Inkomba kanye maphakathi.

Isikhathi esining impela, iziguli kudokotela ngezikhalazo ukuthi iminwe eziningana esandleni esisodwa engalaleli. Banomuzwa ukungakhululeki ezandleni zakho, futhi wembula peripheral we emsipheni lesemkhatsini noma neuritis optic, kanye ukulimala kwenzwa. Kodwa Siyini ngempela lesi sifo elibangela futhi izimpawu abanalo?

Imidiyeni ezinzwa: ukulimala

ukulimala kwezinzwa - lena ngempela isimo ezivamile, okuyinto kubangelwa ukuphazanyiswa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye isiqu emsipheni. umonakalo Kuvaliwe kungenzeka ngenxa yokucinana athambile izicubu into angaphandle, isibonelo, uma umuntu ngaphansi kwale moto, lapho sashaywa into blunt. Isimila, izinsalela ngesikhathi ukwa futhi kungaba ona emsipheni. Vula ukulimala engenzeka uma umuntu enquma yena noma wathola inxeba lomuntu odutshuliwe engalweni.

nerve izicubu sikhiqize kakhulu kabi, njengoba kuleli hlobo izilonda engxenyeni distal we izinzwa kungabangela ngokushesha kakhulu ukuthuthukisa Wallerian ukonakala - inqubo ngesikhathi lapho kukhona ukumuncwa nezicubu sezinzwa, futhi kufakwa isibanda ezicutshini. Ngakho-ke akuyona ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela ukwelashwa sisihle, akekho, ekugcineni isiguli ethola ukukhubazeka.

ukulimala kwezinzwa: amakilasi

Emsipheni imidiyeni uhlangothi, kuncike ekutheni iye ezilimele, kungase kumkhathaze ezinye pathologies:

• Abangele ukulimala ebuchosheni. Kulokhu, kwezinso morphological kanye yokwakheka ezingabonwayo. Ukuzwela nangemifanekiso enyakazayo futhi imisebenzi ukubuyela ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 kuphela ngemva ukulimala.
• Ukulimala. Lesi simo kungenxa yokuthi ngokuqhubeka yokwakheka isiqu emsipheni namanje abakhona, kodwa abaphukile igobolondo epineural, futhi emsipheni igazi lingena. Njengoba ezilimele motor umsebenzi kubuyiselwa kuphela emva kwenyanga.
• Impaction. Lapho zokugula waphawula kobukhulu iziyaluyalu, futhi kuncike kobukhulu kanye nesikhathi kokucindezelwa, kungase kube ukwephula ezincane, kodwa kukhona ezimweni ezibucayi okudinga kokungenela udokotela ohlinzayo kuphela.

• umonakalo kwengxenye sinezimfanelo njengoba ukulahlekelwa imisebenzi ngabanye. Kulokhu, umsebenzi uqobo akusho alulame, kuphela ukusebenza okudingekayo.
• ikhefu Okugcwele - esimweni inikezwe emsipheni is wakubo ku ukuphela ezimbili ezihlukene - neuropathy emaphakathi. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo sína Kulokhu, isinqamu phakathi esikhundleni ingxenye encane nezicubu sesibazi. imisebenzi siqu musa alulame, imisipha zokuchitha kosuku ngalunye iyokwanda okwengeziwe waphawula iziyaluyalu trophic. Kulokhu, kungaba kuphela asize ukusebenza, kodwa futhi akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi nemiphumela ayeyilindele.

Neuritis noma peripheral we emsipheni lesemkhatsini Kungahlonzwa ngomshini ngendlela efanele usaqala bese sithatha izinyathelo ezifanele uma, kungenzeka ukwelapha lesi zokugula, ngaphandle nemiphumela.

Izimbangela peripheral

Abantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni ibhekene nenkinga efana izandla peripheral. Isikhathi esining impela ihlobenenamanye ukukhathala, nokungalali, futhi uma une ukuphumula okuhle, ubuthongo, konke kuyokwenzeka, kodwa eqinisweni kungenjalo.

Ngokuvamile mononeuropathy - ukwehluleka omunye izinzwa, avame eba ngenxa yokuthi kukhona clamping ezinzwa endaweni lapho sihamba ngaphansi kwamanzi esikhumbeni noma kunoma ewumngcingo ithambo emiseleni. Izimbangela peripheral kungenzeka eziningana:

• zabhekana kokungenela kuhlinzwa, endaweni lapho ukusebenza kwenziwa igazi nge isikhathi iyeke aluka kahle okwagcina kuholela ukuvuvukala kanye kwemisipha yoma, kanye yokuthi imizwa ziya onomfutho;
• ekulimazeni izandla, ngesikhathi lapho lakhiwa ukuvuvukala, okuholela kokucindezelwa we ezinzwa;
• hypothermia njalo;
• ukuchayeka;
• umthwalo elinamandla imisipha izingalo;

• endocrine zokugula, lokhu kusebenza abanesifo sikashukela;
• ukudakwa;
• yokuntuleka B amavithamini;
• ukuvuvukala;
• izifo ezithwalwa: i-herpes, umalaleveva, idiphtheria, isifo sofuba ngisho HIV;
• ukusetshenziswa eside izidakamizwa, njengengxenye okukhona phenytoin futhi chloroquine.

Izimpawu ze-peripheral

Bambalwa iziguli ukuya esibhedlela lapho kuqubuka zokugula, ngokuvamile uzama ukusebenzisa amakhambi abantu. Yokugcoba, licindezele, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kuba Ngakho kungenzeka ukwelapha emsipheni lesemkhatsini, izimpawu zingase ivele futhi oyingozi nakakhulu. Pathology kuzibonakalisa ifomu wokushisa ubuhlungu, okuyinto ihambisane isiguli usuku lonke, futhi kukhona ndikindiki neminwe, izandla, ngisho izandla ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele:

• ukuvuvukala;
• zibe kanye nokugoqana;
• ukushoshozela ukuzwa esikhumbeni;
• wehlise lokushisa lokutfutfukako;
• ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana;
• nobunzima ukunyakaza ngezandla zakhe.

Uma uvakashela udokotela noma wena, ekhaya, kungenzeka ukunyakaza iziyaluyalu ukunquma ukuthi neuritis nesineke, peripheral we emsipheni lesemkhatsini, noma cha.

Incazelo motor iziyaluyalu emsipheni lesemkhatsini

Ukuze sithole iziyaluyalu ukunyakaza ngesikhathi ecindezela noma yimuphi omunye lesion we emsipheni lesemkhatsini, udokotela angase atuse ukuba lolu vivinyo:

• uma wenza isibhakela ke okwamanje index, kanye ezinye iminwe esikhulu phakathi ukuhlala unbent, kanye nezinye iminwe emibili esandleni sakhe kanzima kanjalo sicindezelwe ukuthi kungaba nzima ukuyidedela ngisho ke;
• uma ehlaselwa emsipheni lesemkhatsini, isiguli e-Ukunqamula iminwe abakwazi ngokushesha uphendukisa isithupha sakho emhlabeni ethintekile isandla isithupha enempilo, lokhu isampula ubizwa ngokuthi "isigayo";
• isiguli ngeke bakwazi KLWEBHEKA umunwe index etafuleni, angakwazi kuphela uthole ngomshikisho we phalanges distal, noma nje sidilize kubo, okwamanje shayela etafuleni;
• uma izandla ezimbili eligoqiwe ndawonye, umunwe Inkomba izandla ezilimele ngeke bakwazi KLWEBHEKA onempilo;
• isiguli awukwazi ukuthatha isithupha sakho embusweni wayo ukuze ikwazi ukwakha engela ezilungile Inkomba yakho ngomunwe.

Uma emva owenza ukuhlola ezibukwayo kukhona ukuphazamiseka kulengqungquthela iminwe, kutuswa ukuba kudlule luhlolo olunzulu.

sitholakele isifo

Ngaphambi ukhetha ukwelashwa okufanele, kudingeka ahlolwe ngokuphelele isazi sezinzwa, ngubani uzohlola ikhaliphe, amandla kwemisipha, uyosingatha ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kanye nezivivinyo.

Kusukela izindlela wezinsimbi zokuxilonga kangcono:

• electroneuromyography;
• -X-ray cwaningo;
• imaging kazibuthe.

Lezi ucwaningo luye lwathola, lapho emsipheni okulimele, uthole ukuthi yini imbangela yesifo, futhi ukukhomba degree of ukwehluleka in conduction. Uma kudingeka, eluleke isiguli ukuthi ahambe laboratory ukuhlolwa, kungaleyo ndlela kuphela ukuxilonga ngokunembile bese ukhetha yokwelapha esebenza kahle kakhulu.

ekwelapheni lesi sifo

Ukwelashwa emsipheni lesemkhatsini ikhethwa ngayinye esigulini ngasinye, ngoba imbangela isifo zingase zihluke kanye izinga lomonakalo ngesikhathi wonke umuntu. Phakathi ukwelashwa, udokotela wakho angase ancame esiyimbangela ukwelashwa. Kulesi ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imithi elwa namagciwane, ama-ejenti elwa namagciwane kanye semithambo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela ekunika anti-reception futhi yokuvula amakhala futhi kukunika ezinhle Imiphumela Physiotherapy, massage and athole ukwelashwa komzimba.

Kulezo zimo lapho itholakele ukuthi emsipheni isibambo, kubalulekile ukuba kuqedwe imbangela. Kulokhu, sidinga yokwelapha eqinile isinqumo, kodwa ukuchitha, udinga ukuqala ezihlukahlukene enzyme, kanye ukwenza absorbable futhi ukuthambisa isibanda izicubu izindlela. Kukhona amacala ukuthi imishanguzo mathupha futhi massage kuzokusiza ngokushesha ukuthola ukusuka zonke izimpawu.

Ukwelashwa ukuba siphumelele, kubalulekile ukuba afeze inqubo kabusha, okuyinto efanelekayo endabeni ethile, enquma yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule.

Uma emsipheni lesemkhatsini ilimele, kuleso simo udinga ukucacisa kahle ukuthi indlela yokwelashwa siyasebenza - olandelanayo noma op. Kunconywa ukuba ubambe myography inaliti, ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ukunquma ngokunembile izinga lomonakalo.

zokuvimbela

Ukunqotshwa kwe-nerve lesemkhatsini - lena usesimweni esibucayi ukuthi, uma akazange athathe izinyathelo ukubuyisela umsebenzi motor iminwe olungeke lwenzeke. Ngenxa amasu zokuvimbela asetshenziselwa ukusiza kujwayeleke izinqubo umzimba futhi isikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kwelashwe izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele wenze njalo umzimba ukuze izandla, ikakhulukazi uma umsebenzi lesiguli ehlangene okuqhubekayo umsebenzi izandla (seamstresses, program, nabanye).

isiphetho

Kufinyeta okungenhla, singasho ukuthi iyiphi, ngisho ukulimala kancane emsipheni lesemkhatsini kungaholela nemiphumela ungalungiseki. Ngakho-ke, uma ngokungazelelwe waphawula ukuthi iminwe yakhe kabi ibheke ekhaya, ngokuvamile basuke enyinyekile noma asikwazi ukwenza isibhakela, kungcono uye kudokotela uyofuna icebiso. Lapho isandla ukulimala lodokotela kanye nokuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukwelapha ushintsho oluncane, kunokuba enze operation, nakho akukuniki imiphumela oyifunayo ezimweni ezinzima.