Abezindaba - iyona cindezela, umsakazo nethelevishini njengoba abezindaba

Abezindaba, abezindaba, mediapotrebitel nomthelela ngempela okuqhubekayo Icebo lika ulwazi. Baphinde babe nethonya elikhulu ekuphileni zezombusazwe. Kuyinto yezindaba, noma abezindaba, laba kanjani nesandla ekwakhekeni umbono weningi futhi iziphetho ezisekelwe ezindabeni zezombusazwe ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa abezindaba idatha yomthombo ngocansi ezibukwayo, ngamazwi, isignali ezwakalayo. Kusinda isiteshi ukusakaza kuzithameli mass.

Umqondo yemithombo yezindaba

Imitimba yahulumende, izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni, izindawo zabezindaba njalo tindluliselwa imithombo ehlukahlukene yokwaziswa. Abezindaba - kukhona izinhlangano ukuthi obala, adlulise ulwazi emphakathini kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile. The main lolwehlukanisa zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke - kuyinto emphakathini.

Inqubo, futhi basakaza ulwazi esikalini yezindaba. Abezindaba - kuyafana ukuthi lemithombo yezindaba. Ngokuvamile, bayakugeza ngokushesha ukwazisa umphakathi mayelana izenzakalo kanye izenzakalo zesikhathi sethu.

Izinhlobo abezindaba

Ngakho, abezindaba - kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi lobuchwepheshe ukuthi ihlinzeka, umbhalo, izithombe, umsindo, izinto ngamazwi zomculo. lingadlulisela kanjani zonke izinhlobo ulwazi isilaleli? Abezindaba - abezindaba uyakwazi okuxhunyanwa izindaba ukusakaza isiteshi. Zimbili izinhlobo yabezindaba :

1. Electronic mass media (kuyithelevishini, emsakazweni, zincwadi kuyi-Internet).
2. Cindezela, ukuphrinta kwegazi.

Cindezela, umsakazo nethelevishini njalo ukusebenza izihlwele, ngokuletha umsindo, ezibukwayo, isaziso wakhe ngamazwi. NgesiRashiya, igama elithi "abezindaba" eziye zanyatheliswa kuyi 70s kwekhulu lama-20, ngaphambi kwakhe kwakukhona u-welithi "Quality Management System" (yezindaba). Igama lanamuhla elithi kuyinto abezindaba. Kuyinto uhlelo ehlanganisa sebuningini iziteshi: izincwadi, amaphephandaba, ezincwadini zonyaka ezazisakazeka, omagazini, izincwajana, i-TV nomsakazo izinhlelo, intanethi.

mikhondo

izikhungo Old yezindaba - lokhu iphephandaba, izincwadi, omagazini, ezincwadini zonyaka ezazisakazeka, Diaries. Umkhiqizo ephuma cindezela, iletha idatha yoqobo ngesimo umbhalo incwadi. Futhi, kungaba imidwebo, amashadi, amaphosta, imidwebo, izithombe. Umfundi babone lolu lwazi, akudingekile salokhu ubuchwepheshe zokusiza, ezifana umsakazo, i-TV noma i-computer. Ngemva kokufunda lesi noma leso sihloko, omunye ingahlaziya ngokwakho.

izincwadi kukhona ekhosombeni ebalulekile ulwazi. Nomuntu ukuphrinta kuye kwadingeka ithuba lokuveza imibono yabo kwakwakhiwa kakhulu. Kuyafaneleka ucaphune isibonelo yaseGrisi yasendulo inganekwane ngeNkosi Cadmus. Lo mbusi owakwazi ukuhlwanyela namazinyo udrako. At the site of ukuhluma babe amasosha ngezibhamu. Kulesi enganekwaneni labetibambile uhlobo allegory zamagama: igama uyakwazi ngokunembile futhi ngokushesha ukuwina, efana izikhali. Abaholi abaningi zezombusazwe bakwazi ukwandisa amandla abo ngokusebenzisa izwi ezinyathelisiwe. "Umphakathi" indoda wakwenza kunyatheliswa.

Kuze kube yimanje, cindezela empikiswaneni kahle ulahlekelwa media kancane electronic. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ukukhiqizwa ukuphrinta siphela, izinombolo, ukulethwa yabo kuthatha isikhathi eside. "Izindaba Real" izintatheli ukholelwa ukuthi "izindaba ezimbi", okungukuthi, kudingeka banikeze kancane isimo ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, kungaba abezindaba kubhekwe ngempela into nalolwakheke kahle.

abezindaba yesimanje

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, abezindaba lilolonge imibono yomphakathi kuleli noma leso senzakalo. Ngezinye izikhathi abezindaba - kuba bezijabulisa kunokuba ekwazisa izindlela. Namuhla, izilaleli kakhulu kuthinta izindlela lokunikeza ulwazi, ukuze wonke umuntu ithuba lokuveza umbono wabo ngalokho abacabanga ukuthi kwenzekani. Ngenxa yalesi ngokushesha ukwakha uhlelo impendulo. Ngokuvamile lo mshini abezindaba esetshenziswa abakhangisi zokusakaza imiyalezo nokukhangisa. Ngezinye izikhathi abezindaba akunakubangelwa movie.

izici Isici abezindaba

Isici esiyinhloko abezindaba iyona imvamisa, izindaba okufanele uhambe okungenani kanye ngosuku. Esinye isici esivelele ukhonza mass, ziklanyelwe ngoba izihlwele. Esinye isici esibalulekile angabhekwa ophoqelelwe lapho abasakazi uya eziningi zezilaleli. Nazi imisebenzi eyinhloko yezindaba:

• ukusatshalaliswa amaphephabhuku materials;
• wabezindaba: omagazini, izincwadi zezindaba, ezincwadini zonyaka ezazisakazeka, amaphephandaba;
• ukusakaza amazwibela ezindaba;
• ukudalwa nomsakazo nomabonakude izinhlelo;
• ukunqwabelana izincwadi emitatsheni;
• ukudala blogs inthanethi;
• Ukukhululwa malotirazhek;
• izingqungquthela, izinkundla;
• udonga amaphephandaba ukukhululwa.

abezindaba Russian mass

Ukuze Russia, libhekene izici ayo ehlukile ukuthi ichaze abezindaba. Noma yimuphi ukushicilelwa kumelwe nakanjani ube uhlamvu mass futhi kunyatheliswa amakhophi okungenani 1,000. amaphephandaba Domestic, omagazini, izincwadi zezindaba okufanele uhambe ngayo ngezikhathi ezithile, okusho ukuthi okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ukushicilelwa kufanele ziyehluka Ephoqelekile: Imininingwane izilaleli eziningi kumelwe zivela emthonjeni owodwa.

abezindaba Russian kumelwe ibhekane nenkanuko edlulele ku Roskomnadzor. Kunyatheliswa ngempela idluliselwe umtapo, okuyinto igcina ngonyaka. Abezindaba zivikelwe amalungelo kanye iziqinisekiso. Futhi akuvumelekile kukhona yonke imizamo ukucwaninga.

uhlelo ngalunye kunezinqubo yayo yokudlulisela idatha kokuqala nekwetfula ukuba umphakathi. Kuze kube manje, 23 isiteshi ezisebenza eRussia, okuyinto zenzelwe ezizosiza izwe lonke. Ngaphezu kulezi ziteshi main ukusakaza 117 ikhebula satellite imigqa, 15 zazo ukusakaza ngaphandle yeRussia.

Kwezinye izingxenye zezwe ukushiya izinhlelo zabo ukusakaza. Ngokuvamile, iziteshi ezingaphezu kuka-3,000 TV ukusakaza insimu yonke iRussia.

Okuvame kakhulu Russian mass abezindaba nakomagazini. Ngokwesilinganiso, izwe bhalisiwe amaphephandaba ezingaphezu kuka-27,000 kanye weeklies, abangaphezu kuka-20,000 namajenali, 800 anthologies. Emadolobheni amakhulu eRussia cishe 12% labantu ofunda cindezela nsuku zonke. Omagazini abanesifiso abafundi, ezingaphezu kuka-60%. Imininingwane ithandwa kakhulu TV.

Isikhundla Inthanethi kwabezindaba

Kuze kube manje, i-Internet isiyindlela nje isizukulwane esisha Umthombo ovame kakhulu kolwazi. Amakhasi e-inthan bese pestreyut izindaba zakamuva emikhakheni ehlukene umsebenzi womuntu, livela ezimpondweni ezikude kakhulu zaleli iplanethi. abezindaba Inthanethi - izindlela zesimanje kakhulu futhi elula yemithombo yezindaba. Ezinye izingosi lapha kuphela ayikwazi ukutholwa! Kuyinto elula kakhulu, ngoba noma nini ungakwazi ukushintsha ulwazi ezingaqinisekisiwe.

I-inthanethi njalo ngcono, ushintsha abezindaba online, axube ngokwabo nezilaleli ngokuya ububanzi. Abaningi bendabuko mass abezindaba kufanele kumawebhusayithi abo, lapho ukukhangisa ifakiwe.

zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke futhi yezindaba

ukudluliswa izinhlelo imiyalezo ngomabonakude, imisakazo, amaphephandaba, amavidiyo kanye umsindo orekhodiwe ukunikeza zezombusazwe, yamaSoviet, ngokwengqondo, emnothweni, ngokuthi zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke. It uyakwazi sithonye ukuziphatha nezenzo zabantu. Into ithonya zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke - abantu. Kukhona izinhlobo ezine izethameli:

• umthengi;
• ngokuyikho;
• pubescent;
• ngokomoya.

Futhi ziyini Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu zokuxhumana nowonk 'uwonke? Verbal, engokomfanekiso, ulwazi zomculo idluliswe ngokushesha ngosizo amafomu alandelayo:

• imfundo;
• yenkolo;
• zokusiza abantulayo;
• kwamasiko;
• ukukhangisa.

Ngenxa ukuxhumana mass olunikezwa ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo ubuntu, ukuqinisekisa control social phezu kwabo. Kuphinde futhi kube yisandla senchubekelembili kutenhlalo. Ukwabelana ngemininingwane luvumela umuntu ngamunye ukuba imenze amaphethini ezenhlalo nezamasiko lapho basuke ngomhla umndeni, isimo kanye nenkolo esekelwe. Meaning of igama elithi "ukuxhumana" kuleli cala - "zokuxhumana kanye uxhumano." Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi leli siko labantu ngabanye luncike abezindaba.