Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (Malinovsky): Biography, umsebenzi yesayensi

Umholi kwamaBolshevik Party Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov wayeyisazi sefilosofi waphawula kanye nososayensi. Wayengumuntu umsunguli eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma eziningana ngokwesayensi.

eminyakeni yokuqala

udokotela Ikusasa futhi semvelo Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov Wazalwa ngo-August 22, 1873 edolobhaneni sifundazwe Sokolka Grodno. Ekuzalweni kwakhe, yena waba igama Malinovsky. Uyise wayengumGreki izivakashi Vologzhanin futhi uthisha ethandwa.

Malinowski wafunda e Tula esikoleni classical, okuyinto wathola iziqu nge-honours e 1892. Onekhono insizwa akhetha indlela yesayensi. Wangena Physics and Mathematics Faculty of eMoscow University. Lesi sikhungo semfundo ephakeme, kanye nazo zonke ezinye amanyuvesi isiRashiya, kwaba isidleke intsha kakhulu ngokomqondo. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov bajoyine Narodnaya Volya kusukela Union amaqembu ziyezwana enyakatho. Lokhu ukuhamba wawuvinjelwe yiziphathimandla bangaphansi kokulawulwa amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi.

Ngo-1894, le-People yalezi yahlakazeka. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov waxoshwa inyuvesi wakhe. Waboshwa wagwetshwa ekudingisweni e Tula. Kube Malinovsky wangena emibuthanweni abasebenzi '. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le nsizwa ephoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindlela nyuvesi, usenguye benesithakazelo isayensi. "Yiqiniso omfushane isayensi kwezomnotho" ebhala ngo-1897. Leli bhuku ayazise uVladimir Lenin. Umholi yesigaba sabasebenzi emhlabeni kwahluka erudition, futhi kwakunzima ukubamangaza ezinye edition. Ngakho-ke Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Lenin ngokuthi incwadi yokuqala "ngumkhuba emangalisayo" Malinowski sika ezincwadini kwezomnotho Russian.

ukuboshwa okusha futhi ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu Tula izixhumanisi Bogdanov wangena laseKharkov University, lapho afundela khona kusukela 1895 kuya 1899. Lesi sikhathi wakhetha Faculty of Medicine. Kulokhu, umcwaningi abasha asithandayo hhayi kuphela yemvelo kodwa futhi humanities. imibono yakhe ziyabonakala emibhalweni eshicilelwe ngaleso sikhathi ngokugcwele kakhulu.

Ngo-1899, ngemva Malinowski wathola iziqu zakhe yezokwelapha, lapho aphinde waboshwa khona ngenxa yokusebenzelana kwakhe kwezepolitiki. Inkantolo igwebe isishoshovu ukuba ukuxoshwa, kuqala Kaluga, bese Vologda. Ekhaya uyise wasebenza njengoba udokotela esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Ngo-1904, isikhathi inkomba siphelelwe yisikhathi. Revolutionary waya eSwitzerland.

phambili,

Ngo-1913, i-Russia wabuyela Bogdanov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Biography of lo muntu okuvelayo ejwayelekile ubudala. Ngemva konyaka, ngemva kokubuyela ezweni lakubo Malinowski kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. It njengendlela lobuchwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bathunyelwa epini njengoba udokotela.

izimpi Bloody nge amaJalimane kwagxila okuhlala njalo Bogdanov. Udokotela onguchwepheshe kule physiology ke, njengoba kwakungekho muntu owayekwazi siqonde indlela ebulalayo nelesabekayo sikhali kwekhulu entsha. Impi ukwenze wamavukelambuso eziphikelelayo ngemibono nempi. Kakade ngesikhathi abasebasha isimo kwamaBolshevik zaseSoviet zazama konke okusemandleni ukuze laba kanjani nesandla ekukhuleni namasiko futhi nemfundiso yesigaba sabasebenzi. Bogdanov (Malinovsky) Aleksandr Aleksandrovich babekholelwa ukuthi intuthuko kuphela kuzosiza abantu ukuqeda izimpi.

umbono abanawo emhlabeni wonke

ukubukwa Bogdanov sika zefilosofi savela kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Lapho esemusha, it is kakhulu kuthonywa Marxism kanye ezintweni ezinhle. Inhlanganisela yalawo izikole ezimbili kuholele theory entsha, umlobi okwakunzima Bogdanov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Biography of lokhu usosayensi ngokuyinhloko eyaziwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi wayenguKristu tectology umsunguli.

It has elinye igama - isayensi jikelele yenhlangano. Lokhu isiyalo iye yachazwa ezinhlwini ezingu ngokuningiliziwe ngumlobi ezintathu-ivolumu yakhe umsebenzi "Tectology". Bogdanov wafundelwa kahle ukuxhumana phakathi izakhi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu uhlelo olulodwa. Lezizifundo zakhiwa njengendawo umcwaningi ukuphendula umbuzo kanjani ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza emnothweni.

Phakathi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwamaBolshevik tectology ungabanjwa. Lenin ngokuvamile wagxeka abasekeli imiqondo eveziwe emibhalweni yakhe u-Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov. Iqhaza ukuphathwa - yilokho umphumela eyinhloko yakhe imisebenzi yesayensi kule ndawo kuze kube manje. Esikhathini eside kamuva, ngemva kokufa Malinowski sika, ezakhiwe yakhe theory zithandwa lososayensi ikhompyutha.

Tectology

Tectology Bogdanova kwakubangelwa hhayi kusukela Marxism kuphela. Omunye umthombo thi okwakubaluleke ngokufanayo monism lokhu theory. Umbhali e umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko, wakhuluma ngesidingo ukudala i amafilosofi ngokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo.

Bogdanov wayebuye umsekeli ukuhlela emnothweni ngisho nangaphambi uhlelo baba eliyisisekelo eSoviet Union. Usosayensi Ngethemba ukuthi esikhathini esizayo wonke umsebenzi womuntu kuyofika ezingeni elisha by ukuhlanganisa isayensi, umkhakha kanye yekuphila.

Proletcult

Usosayensi sefilosofi Bogdanov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich kwaba ilungu RSDLP ngo-1905. Yena kwakungekaNkulunkulu isizukulwane sokuqala amaBolshevik. Lapho iqembu kukaLenin waqala ukubusa ngo-Russia emva Okthoba Revolution, Bogdanov, ayishiye ngokuphelele igama original selifikile ukuba luthathe ezibalulekile okuthunyelwe ucwaningo emphakathini.

Kuze 1921 usosayensi esithile waba uprofesa e-Moscow State University (lafundziswe wezomnotho kwezombangazwe). Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena wayengemuva Communist Academy futhi wayeyilungu KaHulumeni yayo.

Eminyakeni yokuqala likahulumeni waseSoviet Bogdanov kwafeza lukhulu sokuthuthukiswa nemibono yayo. Ngo-1917 idaliwe Proletkult. Le nhlangano iyingxenye Yabantu Commissariat semfundo. Wahlela ezamasiko, ezemfundo neyokuphromotha izisebenzi. Omunye abadlali main Proletkult baba Bogdanov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Ukuphathwa, okuyinto eyakufunda kohlaka theory tectology ekugcineni ewusizo kuye practice.

imibono yamaSoviet

Bogdanov wakhuthaza ushintsho oluphelele sengqondo maqondana namasiko. Wayekholelwa ukuthi imisebenzi ubudala yobuciko waveza umbono nezithakazelo isigaba esisodwa kuphela (isib, kulendawo, incekukazi abanikazi, onxiwankulu futhi abantukazana). Kodwa sabasebenzi sesiko-mpilo labo njengoba kwakungesona. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingekile ukuba adale kusuka ekuqaleni. Lokhu waxhumana Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov. Biography (incazelo emfushane inikezwe sihloko) kuba isibonelo endleleni evelele embusweni yekuphila.

Ngokusho usosayensi sefilosofi, ubuciko yesigaba sabasebenzi kwakufanele kube ashukumisayo futhi bahole abantu phambili - kuze kube ikusasa eliqhakazile, okungukuthi nobukhomanisi. izithombe Phila uzwakalise ephepheni, ezincwadini namafilimu, eyenzelwe ekuthumbeni nokuhlela elikhulu ekuphileni isipiliyoni abasebenzi zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Njengoba indoda yesayensi, Bogdanov ayengasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi art yeningi okungaphezu ulwazi ngqo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ukwakha uhlelo kudingekile yokucabanga nangentando ngqo abantu kusiteshi isimo ewusizo. Shona Proletcult wamemezela ukuthi kwakudingeka ukuzimela kwamasiko sokusebenzela ukunqoba inguquko emhlabeni.

Bogdanov wagxeka isimo sengqondo onxiwankulu ubuciko. Ukuze baseNtshonalanga, kwaba ngokuyinhloko indlela okhetha ukuzijabulisa ngayo. art yesigaba sabasebenzi wayehlukile. Ugqozi umzabalazo wokulwa izitha ekilasini, ukuhlanganisa abantu ndawonye emhlabeni imibono. Usosayensi baqhubeka umqondo wakhe: onaleso simo sengqondo ukuze art iyiphi art ukuphuma ngaphansi kweSoviet Union, kwaba emphakathini msebenzi obaluleke kangaka. Culture Bogdanov kwaba yithimba inhlangano. Lesi simiso inzalo ngqo ka tectology theory. Ngokwesibonelo, ingoma lempi kusiza amasosha ukwenza empini ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ephumelelayo. Labor ingoma futhi isibonakaliso igenge lamabutho.

Ukuhlolwa nokumpontshelwa igazi

Njengoba isazi, usosayensi ezizoqhubela eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma mayelana rejuvenation kungenzeka zomzimba womuntu. Kule ndaba, ukuthi ngo-1926 wasungula National Research Institute Kwegazi. Baningi ucwaningo ngale ndaba labetibambile Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov. System ukuhlaziya imisebenzi yakhe biology sikhombisa ukuthi wayekholelwa ngempela rejuvenation womuntu ngokusebenzisa ukumpontshelwa igazi emzimbeni igazi fresh futhi abasha.

Lezi imibono ngokugqamile Bogdanov ngenkathi besekele inkulumo-ze isimo. Stalin owayeqondisa ngokushesha iyiswe umthetho yomuntu oyedwa, usosayensi sizindza wasiza Igazi Institute eMoscow. Bogdanov baba umqondisi wale isikhungo ehlukile ngesikhathi sako.

ukufa

Kwezinye ucwaningo, ukumpontshelwa igazi walo wayenguNkulunkulu ngokwakhe Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (1873-1928). Phakathi enye yalezi izinqubo, yena lona lishone kabuhlungu. Igazi ukuthi wathela Usosayensi othile umzimba umfundi, okubangelwa yokusabela ukungamukeleki nokufa. Leli cala wabonisa ngokucacile ingozi zokuhlolwa olukhulu ezinjalo. Kancane kancane, laba izinhlelo waphenduka Igazi Institute.

Emngcwabeni edumile kwamaBolshevik Bukharin ezenziwe. Waqamba igama layo umufi umlingani ngokweqile. Ngokwengxenye lokhu kuyiqiniso. Akukhona nje kwaba nenkani kanjalo futhi isikhathi esiningi emsebenzini wakhe ososayensi Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogdanov. Izithombe ezisuka umngcwabo weza wonke amazwe iphephandaba.