Ama-Ansel Adams: Ubuhle obunamakha

I-Ansel Adams yigama eliyaziwa ngabathandi bezithombe zobuciko emhlabeni jikelele. U-photographer waseCalifornia, cishe iminyaka eyikhulu yekhulu leminyaka, owazalwa ngo-1902 futhi waphila impilo ende egcwele ubuciko, ama-Adams athunjwa kwifilimu konke okwakudonsa amehlo akhe.

Imidwebo yezinhlaka zokwakha zesikhathi esizayo futhi ezinkulu, ama- cityscapes aqhwaziwe aseMelika kanye nezilwane zasendle. I-landscape izithombe, ezenziwe cishe njalo ku-monochrome, zivunyelwe ukungena emlandweni wegama elithi Ansel Adams.

I-biography yomdwebi wesithombe ivela eCalifornia, lapho ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 wazalelwa emndenini ojabulayo, ocebile owayesevele elahlile ithemba lezindlalifa. Abazali, izindlalifa zebhizinisi lezinkuni, eziqaliswe ngumkhulu-ka-Ansal, azange abone umphefumulo enendodaneni yakhe, kodwa wamkhuphula ngokuzithoba, ngokuthanda izwe elizungezile kanye nemvelo yakhe.

Iminyaka yokuqala

Ukuba ingane ephuzile futhi ethandekayo, ubuhlakani besikhathi esizayo bokubheka izithombe bukhula bukhuni, okungeke bakwazi ukuphumelela emidlalweni futhi, ngokungajwayelekile ukuya esikoleni, kwakunzima kakhulu ukwenza abangane, bakhetha isizungu kubo. Lapho eneminyaka engu-4, waphula iphunga lakhe , futhi eqala ukuzizwa enamahloni ebusweni bakhe, waba namahloni nakakhulu. Akuzange kuphulukise impilo ka-Little Ansel nokungakwazi ukufunda ukufunda nokubhala kahle ngenxa ye-dyslexia.

Ekugcineni, ubaba nomama banquma ukumfundisa ekhaya futhi basuse esikoleni, okwakuthinta impilo yakhe yonke, ngokungahambisani nokuhambisana nobuhle obukhulu baseMelika. Ubaba wahamba ngezinyawo eziningana nengane, efakaza kuye uthando lwezilwane, izinambuzane nezitshalo.

Izinyathelo zokuqala zochwepheshe

Ngesikhathi umfana eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, umndeni wamyisa eJosemite National Park. Wahamba naye ngekhamera eyanikelwa nguyise, futhi ngemva kwalokho waqala ukuthatha izithombe ngokujulile, ehambela imibukiso, ebhala omagazini futhi ejoyina iqembu labathandi bezithombe. Lo mzuzu ungabhekwa njengokuqala kokuphila kwakhe njengomthwebuli wezithombe. I-charm yemvelo yamshaya u-Ansel, ukuthi konke ukuphila kwakhe okuqhubekayo njalo ngonyaka wafika epaki ngekhamera kanye ne-tripod, okwenza izithombe ezintsha ezintsha.

Ngonyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokudala, u-Ansel Adams waba yilungu leSierra Club, okwakwenza imisebenzi yokuvikela izikhumbuzo zemvelo nokulwa nokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Iqembu lizoba ikhaya lakhe iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphakathi kwezindonga zayo, uzothola abantu abanomqondo ofanayo futhi ahlangabezane nomkakhe ozayo iVirginia, uzohlanganyela ekunqobeni izintaba zaseSierravada, futhi kamuva uzoba umqondisi ngokwakhe.

Ukuphonsa ngokubamba kanye nempumelelo yokuqala

Imvelo yokudala yentsha ekhulile ayikwazanga ukuyeka into eyodwa, futhi kungekudala yaqala ukufunda umculo, ukufunda ukudlala upiyano nokujwayela abaculi abaningi. Naphezu kokuzilibazisa okusha, u-Ansel akazange akhohlwe ngesithombe: ngesikhathi esibandayo wazinikela ngokuphelele umculo, futhi wachitha izinyanga ezintathu zasehlobo ekuhambeni kwezithombe. Umsebenzi wakhe waqala ukushicilela, kodwa iphupho lomsebenzi womculi akazange lisuke ku-Ansel.

Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engama-25, u-Ansel Adams wadala iphothifoliyo yakhe yokuqala, eyayiziqhenya ngokufanele futhi eyathola impumelelo efanelekile. Kulinganiselwa ku-4 000 zamaRandi. Abanabhizinisi, abantu abacebile nabadumile baba amakhasimende avamile ezithombeni zakhe. Wathuthuka njengomthwebuli wezithombe, wazama ngezindlela ezehlukene zobuciko, waxazulula ekuqinisekisweni, okwaba uphawu oluphawulekayo lwemisebenzi yakhe.

Ngemva kokushada, u-Ansel kanye nomkakhe badalwe ku-studio kayise igalari eyoba edume kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, waqaphela ukuthi angeke abe ngumculi omkhulu, futhi wazidela ngokuphelele ekutheni athathe izithombe, esebenzisa isikhathi esiningi ngemuva kwesikhumba, futhi ngokushesha wabamba umbukiso wokuqala.

Umvikeli wemvelo kanye nenhloko yezithombe

Izingxenye ezintathu zokuphila kwakhe zazinikezwa ku-Ansel Adams ukudweba. Ngisho neminyaka engama-40 ubudala, waqala ukujabulela inhlonipho evela kozakwethu abadumileyo nodumile, futhi wadala igama lakhe elidumile elithi "Zonal theory", lapho akhuluma khona ngendlela yokukhiqiza ithoni esithombeni se-monochrome. Le ncazelo yaqanjwa igama lakhe kuze kube phakade: futhi abathwebuli bezithombe namuhla bawasebenzisa ukubala ukuchayeka.

Umxhumanisi we-Polariod no-Hasselband, umbhali wezincwadi eziningi zobuciko bezithombe, ilungu le-Academy of Sciences of America, owasungula owokuqala eMnyangweni wezobuciko be-Art Photography wase-United States kanye nomagazini othi "Apertura", kabili isikhwama somunye u-Guggenheim, owahlonishwa ukuthi yiyodwa yezintaba eSierra Nevada - Konke lokhu ku-Ansel Adams.

Izicaphuno zenkosi, odale izithombe ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi, ezibonakala ngamasu angenakuqhathaniswa nokubunjwa okungenakulibaleka, kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi lo muntu ongavamile wanikela ekudaleni nasekusebenzeni emvelweni.

Amagama we-genius mayelana nokuphila konke

"Ngezinye izikhathi ngizithola ngihlala ezindaweni ezinhle kangaka lapho uNkulunkulu elindele khona ukuba ngicindezele ikhamera."

"Kukhona njalo abantu ababili kunoma yisiphi isithombe - ngumbukeli nomthwebuli wezithombe."

"Lesi sithombe asidingi izincazelo futhi akudingeki ukuba siboniswe ngamazwi."

"Ayikho imithetho yokudubula - kunezibhamu ezinhle kuphela."