Ama-ATV amathayi aphansi okucindezelayo: isithombe

Kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yezwe, kunezindawo lapho imigwaqo ingakabekwa khona, lapho kungenakwenzeka ukuyibeka noma ingalungile. Kodwa, ngokumangazayo njengoba kuzwakala, kusesekhona indlela yokuhambisa indawo enjalo. Futhi isintu sathola indlela yokuphuma kwimeko yamanje - i-ATV esungulwe. Kusukela ekubukeni kwabo, izinhlobo eziningi zenziwe - imithwalo, umgibeli, ngezilungiselelo ezahlukene zomsebenzi, emathrekhi nasemasondo.

Umlando wokubukeka

Umshini wokuqala, owawunqoba ukunqanda iqhwa, wabonakala ngo-1912 ngenxa yenjiniyela waseRussia Kuzin. Wayephethe amaphutha akhe - imoto yonke yasemgwaqeni yayingakwazi ukuwela emathafeni kuphela, ukukhuphuka okuncane kwakunzima kakhulu kuye.

Isikhathi esilandelayo ekuthuthukisweni kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwempi emva kwesikhathi. Enyakatho isithuthuthu sibeka amathayi amakhulu amaloli. Ngakho kwakukhona i-caracas. Lokhu, ungasho ukuthi, iyona imoto yokuqala yokuqala ematayini aphansi. Benza kahle indima yemoto ngenkathi behamba ngeqhwa elibandayo noma bewela i-polynya. Isivinini sabo sifinyelela ku-50 km / h.

Imoto yokuqala yasekhaya eyayihamba emgwaqweni kwakuyi-development of the Arktictrans - Nara. Ngenxa yokudalwa kwayo, kwasetshenziswa isitulo sabakhubazekile - okungavumelekile. Noma kunjalo, umklamo wezimboni unomfanekiso "i-Arctic". It has a cabin eyenziwe kusuka tank uphethiloli indiza yempi. Futhi emva kwalokho inkathi yokudala izimoto ezikwazi ukunqoba ukungaphumeleli kwaqala.

Ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi okuklama kanye namabhizinisi wokwakhiwa kwemishini, izingcweti nezithuthi zomhlaba wonke ezihamba ngamathayi aphansi azinziwe ngezandla zabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izidumbu ezivela emaVAZs asekhaya zasetshenziselwa (ikakhulukazi), kodwa ezinye izinhlobonhlobo zaqala ukusebenza.

Yiqiniso, inamba enkulu kakhulu yentuthuko kanye nezimoto zomhlaba wonke yenziwa ku-USSR naseRussian Federation. Kwamanye amazwe kunamanye amamodeli afanele ukunakekelwa, kodwa kukhona ambalwa kakhulu kuwo, futhi akuzona iqiniso lokuthi angcono kunamaRashiya - igama lomkhiqizi lidlala nje indima.

Izici zokuklama

Ukuqhekeka okukhulu kwama-snowblowers akuchazwa kuphela ngamathayi aphansi okucindezelayo obubanzi obubanzi. Phela, ama-SUV avamile, ahloselwe ukuhamba ngaphandle kwedolobha, akakwazi ukunqoba amanqamu, imifula noma izinqamu zeqhwa. Ama-ATV amathayi aphansi okucindezelayo nawo anefreyimu ecacisiwe. Isixazululo salesi sakhiwo sivumela ukuthi amasondo abekwe nganoma iyiphi indawo ngokuqondene nomunye nomunye. Lokhu, futhi, kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwayo futhi kuvimbele ukuguqulwa endaweni evulekile kakhulu. Isici sesibili ngabagadli abakhethekile kwizinyawo.

Izinhlobo ze-snowmobiles nama-bogs

Ama-ATV amathayi aphansi acindezelayo ahlukaniswe ngohlobo ngalolu hlobo:

1. On fuel okusetshenziselwa - uphethiloli kanye nedizili.
2. Emandleni okunqoba izithiyo ezihlukahlukene - umhlaba kanye nama-amphibians.
3. Ngesicelo bangabantu abagibeli, imithwalo, imithwalo yempahla-nabagibeli, amataretha kanye nezitimela zomgwaqo.
4. Ngokwehlobo lohlaka lapho umzimba uphakanyiswa khona - okushiwo, okushiwo, kuhlaka olulodwa.

Noma imuphi imoto ehamba phambili kufanele ikhethwe ngokusho kwendawo kanye nemibandela okuzosetshenziswa kuyo. Akuwona wonke ama-ATV wesondo angavela emigwaqweni yomphakathi.

Izinzuzo ze-ATV ezinamasondo

Isikhathi sokusetshenziswa okungenangqondo kwemithombo yemvelo sidlulile. Ukuze ulondoloze imvelo, umzamo omkhulu wenziwa kuze kube yimanje. Futhi inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke ezithwala isithwathwa seqhwa ngamathayi wezimoto zomhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yokucindezela okuphansi noma okuphansi futhi endaweni enkulu, abakwazi ukuhamba kuphela endaweni ekhuni, kodwa futhi akulimazi isivalo somhlaba. Okusho ukuthi inhlabathi nezitshalo zithola umonakalo omkhulu.

Ama-ATV a-Articontrans

Umndeni ovame kakhulu wezingqimba zeqhwa "i-Lopasnya". Ama-ATV amathrekhi aphansi okucindezela ngaphansi kwalolu mkhiqizo aye athembeke kakhulu - amamodeli asekhona esimweni sokusebenza esasingabakhiqizi ngo-1989. Ukusebenza kwabo kukhulu kakhulu - bangakwazi ukuzungeza ubumba, umgwaqo ohlanjululwe, ugwadule, iqhwa, inhlanzi, ukunqoba izithiyo zamanzi. Futhi, bangakwazi ukunqoba izithiyo ezifinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama kanye nemithambeka yezwe kuya kuma-87%.

"I-Lopasnya" ikhiqizwa ngamagagasi e-4x4 no-4x6 futhi ifakwe amasethi amabili - ebusika nasehlobo. I-design ayinakukwazi ukugqoka ngenxa yokumiswa okuzimele, okubangela ukushaqeka. Ikhefu lezimoto zomhlaba wonke lenziwe ngendlela efana ne-fuselage yendiza eyenziwe nge-duralumin futhi ivikela ngokuphelele izingxenye ezibalulekile zomonakalo.

Esiklanyweni, izinyathelo zeVAZ kanye nezinqubo zasetshenziswa, ngakho ukuthola izingxenye ezithintekayo zokulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni akulula. Naphezu kokuthi "i-Lopasnya" iyisiqhwa seqhwa, ifaneleka njengendlela yokulima futhi ayidingi ukubhaliswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kungabonakala emigwaqweni yomphakathi.

Izithuthi ze-Nord-Auto ezingekho emgwaqweni

Umndeni wezimoto "Strannik", ezifanele izimo ezinzima zemvelo, imelwe yile nkampani. Imodeli yokuqala yokuqala yakhululwa ngo-2004 futhi yayiyi-amphibian enamasondo amathathu eyenzelwe ukuvakasha izivakashi. Kuze kube manje, inkampani ikhiqiza i- "Wanderer-08" ne "Wanderer 10" (ukuguqulwa kwesimo sangaphambili).

Imoto iyinxenye emibili, inezilinganiso ze-longitudinal kanye namasondo ayisishiyagalombili okushayela. Ukudluliselwa kusekelwe ku-analog ye "Niva", injini ye-VAZ-2103 isetshenziswa njengesitshalo samandla. Imishini ejwayelekile ifaka uhlelo lokuqhutshwa kwamathayi okuphakathi - lungenziwa ngokuqondile esihlalweni somshayeli.

Ukuzinza kunikezwa isikhungo esiphansi sogqozi, ububanzi bemoto nokuhamba okukhulu kwamavili. I-passage izuzwa ngenxa yokunikezwa kwemvume engamashumi amahlanu, ububanzi obushelelezi, indawo enkulu yamathayi kanye nokulungiswa kwengcindezi kubo. Amanothi amaningi emotweni yonke ayathathwa emotweni yezimoto zeVAZ, ngakho uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka, ukulungiswa akuyona inkinga enkulu.

Imoto ingathatha abagibeli abangaba ngu-6, injini ye-petroli, i-disc brakes, ifakwe amathangi amabili ayi-39 amalitha, ihamba ngesivinini kuya ku-50 km / h ezindaweni ezikhuni, emanzini - 1.5 km / h.

"Amathangi enhlabathi ayesabi"

Ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esinjalo sokukhangisa, ukuthengisa nokukhuthazwa kwezimoto ze-KAMAZ kwenziwa emadolobheni amaningi e-CIS. Futhi empeleni, izimoto zamasosha nezombusazwe zefektri yemoto zazihlukaniswa nekhono elihle kakhulu lokuhamba ezweni. Ngenguqulo yomphakathi, isetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla kuya ezintweni ezakhiwa, hhayi kuphela kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia, kodwa nakwamanye wonke ama-CIS. Umshini uphumelele kakhulu futhi unokwethenjelwa wokuthi usetshenziselwa izinhloso zempi, ngokushintshwa okufanele, Yebo.

Izithuthi zomhlaba wonke ezithinta amathayi aphansi (izithombe zingavame ukubonakala kumasayithi wezindaba) zenzelwe imisebenzi yokubonga. I-KAMAZ-43269 "Shot" (aka BPM-97) inezikhali ezilula, eyenziwa ekuguqulweni kwe-wheelbase 4x4 no-6x6 ("Bulat"). Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthuthukiswa kwesiphepho "- Isikhukhula" - sabe sesibabili "Shot", "Bulat", nomndeni "Mustang". Amathayi ku-KAMAZ-ATV aklanyelwe ngomswakama futhi anezingcindezi eziguquguqukayo. Bakhululwa e-PO "Nizhnekamskshina".

Umncintiswano we-KAMAZ

Enye iloli laseRussia yendawo ekhulayo yi-Ural. Isici salo esiyingqayizivele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile ezindaweni ezimangalisayo zezulu, ukulula okuklanywa kwamayunithi amakhulu nezinhlangano ezinkulu. Ukugcinwa nokulungisa akuyona inkinga. Empeleni, zonke izidingo zembonini yempi.

Izimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni "Ural" - iloli elinesondo elihlukile, kuye ngokuthi uya khona. Zisetshenziswa kokubili ezimweni zomphakathi nezempi. Amathayi e-"Ural" -offrange akhiqizwa esitshalweni esifanayo neKAMAZ.

Ukuzenzela - akusho okubi

Njengomthetho, ukuze udale izimoto zomhlaba wonke kumathayi aphansi okucindezela ngezandla zomuntu siqu, okokuqala kudingekile ukunquma izimo zokusebenza. Ungathola imidwebo, uma ubheka ngokucophelela. Kumele kukhunjulwe lokhu okulandelayo - njengoba injini ingcono ukusebenzisa labo abaphoqelelwe ukupholisa (VAZ baphelele), ukumiswa okuzimele kanye namathayi amakhulu. Ungabathenga, kodwa ungawaletha esimweni esifanele wena. Amathayi asebenzayo emotweni yonke yasendaweni eyenziwa ngenxa yokuthi awukwazi ukubeka isithwali esithwala isithwathwa kumavili amasondo. Futhi amathayi eloli ashibhile kakhulu kunelabo asebekulungele izimoto ezingekho emgwaqweni.