Amafutha Ezidliwayo: ngezigaba, isicelo, ikhalori

Kakade izwi elilodwa "amanoni" abantu abaningi becabanga. Phela, lapha ezingqondweni inhlangano nge fat umzimba futhi izinhlangothi uyahlanganyela. Kodwa amafutha wezokudla ukuze umzimba wethu Uyi fuel yangempela. Ngokungafani carbohydrate namaprotheni, banalo okusezingeni eliphezulu amandla umthamo.

Fat kuyinto ukudla ingxenye ebalulekile, ngempela kufanele kufika kithi evela ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke kumele ibhalansiswe ngenani elithandekayo carbohydrate kanye amaprotheni.

Amafutha Ezidliwayo namafutha, okuyinto emzimbeni wethu, kukhona imiqondo, nakuba esihlobene, kodwa namanje ezahlukene. Eyokuqala wabo ngempela umkhiqizo oluyigugu, okuyinto overestimate indima esikhundleni nzima. izakhiwo yokudla okunempilo kwamafutha ubavumele ukuba babe iqhaza ekuphathweni izinqubo ezibalulekile ezenzeka emzimbeni wethu. Ngamanye amazwi, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwabo umsebenzi evamile kuzo zonke kwezitho zethu kanye nezinhlelo.

Imisebenzi umkhiqizo oluyigugu

amafutha zokudla - uhlobo yokubasela umzimba womuntu. Phakathi ukucutshungulwa zonke amagremu zabo labelwe 9 kilojoule, okuyinto izikhathi ezimbili nesigamu obukhulu kunobukaJohane carbohydrate kanye amaprotheni. Lokhu amandla sivezwe futhi umsebenzi amafutha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sici liyadingeka ukwenza plastic noma umsebenzi kwesakhiwo.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amafutha bayingxenye kwezicubu cell ulwelwesi. Ngaphandle inani elidingekayo kwamaseli iyaphulwa izinqubo zethu umzimba. Lokhu kubathinta kabi yokwamukela izakhi zomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokweqile angemahle noma ngokweqile fatty acid kuholela yokuthi amaseli ulahlekelwe ithuba ukuqeda zonke "imfucuza" lakhiwa kuzo. Lisongela slagging zabo, okuyinto kubathinta kabi impilo.

Emzimbeni wethu amafutha ezidliwayo enze kakhudlwana futhi umsebenzi umlamuli. Ngaphandle yobukhona babo amaseli kwezicubu kanye nezinhlaka akunakwenzeka ukumuncwa amavithamini fat-encibilikayo ezifana A no-C, E K. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingxenye ezibalulekile kakhulu ziyingxenye ebalulekile hormone.

Amafutha nawo aye ukuthutha umsebenzi. Lubonakaliswa usizo ngenkathi uvakasha izinto ezihlukahlukene wonke umzimba.

Isidingo amafutha kanye ebiyelwe umsebenzi wabo obavikelayo. Phela lezi zingxenye ukuvikela umzimba wethu kusuka lokushisa amathonya, futhi izibilini - kusukela nomthelela lokukhanda.

ngezigaba

ihlukaniswe kanjani amafutha ezidliwayo? Ukwahlukaniswa mikhiqizo sihlinzekela ukwabiwa kwezibophezelo uhlobo feedstock nokuthi siqine kangakanani. Ziyakwazi:

1. Kusukela umkhiqizo kokuqala:

- izilwane (ubisi, inyama yenkomo, inyama yengulube, iwundlu, izinhlanzi bone);

- yemifino (ethathwe izithelo, amantongomane izimila eziveza imbewu);
- Kuhlanganiswe - ekhiqizwa ngezinto ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa (imajarini, esithengisa amaswidi amafutha lisakazeka).

2. Ngokusekelwe ukungaguquguquki:

- Solid (iningi ezilwane, kanye cocoa ibhotela, lukakhukhunathi entendeni);
- okusamanzi (ngobuningi zemifino amafutha wenza kusuka imbewu kanye nezithelo).

Amafutha afakiwe isigaba lipid, noma njengoba bebizwa Ochwepheshe, triglyceride ayizakhi zemvelo eziphilayo. Uma sibheka ukwakheka kwazo zabo kukhona esters eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi egcwele, monobasic fatty acid.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ketshezi yemifino amafutha efana ibhotela ukubizwa ngokuthi amafutha.

isidingo umzimba ukuze amafutha

Lo mkhiqizo kugaywe kancane kule ipheshana emathunjini, njengoba kuyintando e abanakusithola isimo enzyme etholakala pheshana emathunjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebethule yayo kwenzeka ezingqimbeni fat ongama endaweni isitokwe hlangothi. Ngemva kwalokho, la mafutha isetshenziswa njengoba umthombo energy.

Kuyini isidingo somuntu nsuku zonke lo mkhiqizo? Konke kuncike engu namandla. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abadala ngokwanele ukukufaka ekudleni 75-80 amagremu of fat.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo umkhiqizo cishe amathathu amaphesenti awe ekusetshenzisweni ezitshalo. Kodwa kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi amafutha ziyingxenye boshinstva ukudla. Abaningi babo e inhlanzi nenyama, ushizi kanye namakhekhe.

Imininingwane yokudla okunempilo

Lesi sibalo has namanani ahlukene kuye ngohlobo fat kanye nokwenziwa yayo umzimba. Lokhu, kuyinto encike ngqo kwi okushisa umkhiqizo ukuncibilika. Ngokwesibonelo, amafutha kokuba ukuncibilika lokushisa ongaphakeme (ngezansi 37 degrees), ngokugcwele futhi ngokushesha emulsified e ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, futhi ngenxa yalokho kugaywe kalula. Yini imikhiqizo kangcono lezi nemingcele? Lokhu yengulube kanye ihansi lard, ibhotela, uketshezi amafutha kanye zonke izinhlobo imajarini.

Okuphawulekayo nakakhulu kufakwe imikhiqizo kokuba okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuma. Ngakho, uma le Izinga ibhotela kuyinto 98,5%, i-amafutha yale nqama, usehlane, 'ububanzi 80-90%. Kodwa yenkomo fat emzimbeni womuntu ubamba 80-94%.

Inani namandla

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, amafutha wezokudla bawuhlobo yokubasela umzimba wethu. Ngakho, eziyikhulu amagremu ibhotela, kuye ngokuthi hlobo yayo, ivela 570 kuya 750 kcal. Inkomba ofanayo margarine kuyinto 750 kcal, futhi ngendlela encibilikisiwe ezilwane kanye zemifino amafutha - 890 kcal.

amafutha ingozi

Indlela ukucacisa ukulungela ukusebenza umkhiqizo esibaluleke kangaka umzimba wethu? ukhilimu Benign has kancane ezimhlophe-ayisikhilimu noma ophuzi okhanyayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena akanayo iphunga aftertaste. Kuncike ke homogenous. Izici ezifanayo ukuhlukanisa manje isinkwa okuzenzela. Okwenziwe umkhiqizo efanayo has a ukungaguquguquki esithambile luyimbudumbudu. Kulokhu, ushintsho kwisimo oncibilikisiwe nje leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa umbala libhekene ukungabi amanyela.

Eliphezulu amafutha sunflower deodorized, okusobala, nengenaphunga futhi mahhala inzika. Iphunga kungashiwo ongacaciswanga kahle noma ngingekho ngokuphelele. Ngokuphathelene amafomu ungafundeki, bayehluka e khona kwenze okuyinto elilodwa kanti amaphesenti angu kwesigamu umthamo isamba umkhiqizo isitshalo.

eliphansi amafutha

Akubalulekile ukudla ibhotela kancane, okuyinto ine ukunambitheka ezingemnandi ebabayo, nephunga okunoshukela futhi rancidity (ukuhwalala we ebusweni). On ikhwalithi embi umkhiqizo kubonisa ukunambitheka amakhandlela stearic, lard, Ukuvuselela Uhlaza Lwehlathi, khona isikhutha, njll Ibhotela kokuba onqenqemeni mnyama kungenziwa esehlelembe futhi kudliwe ukudla.

Lemon amafutha ubatshele Rancid, abashisayo noma ukunambitheka abukhali futhi nephunga. Ukudla okunjalo ukudla is hhayi Kunconywa. Phela, bandisa izakhi ukuwohloka amafutha futhi ulahlekelwe amavithamini yabo futhi acid ezibalulekile.

isicelo

Lapho zihlobene ukucutshungulwa impahla amafutha eluhlaza? Zisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

- umkhakha ukudla;
- imithi;
- womshini izimonyo insipho;
- ukukhiqizwa kwe zokugcoba.

Ukusetshenziswa eyinhloko ezilwane kwenzeka emkhakheni Culinary. Lapha, basuke asetshenziswa njengokudla. Phakathi kwabo, yemvu, ingulube kanye yenkomo. Kodwa-ezicutshini zomzimba inhlanzi ezincelisayo zasolwandle musa nje ukukhiqiza amafutha ezidliwayo, kodwa futhi wezilwane (ifolishi), kanye ne-medical lobuchwepheshe. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa lolu hlobo amafutha? Njengoba imikhiqizo wezilwane, injongo yayo eyinhloko - yokudla nemfuyo nezinyoni. Kuyini kwenkululeko usebenzisa amafutha lobuchwepheshe? Zisetshenziswa kwamakha namakhemikhali izimboni kanye nakwezinye izici emnothweni ukuthuthukisa penogasitelnyh kanye insipho, lesikhumba ukucutshungulwa, ekukhiqizeni ngamanani amancane lipsticks okhilimu.

Sebenzisa ekuphekeni

Wonke umuntu upheka kahle uyazi yokuthi ukunambitheka izitsha olungiselelwe akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni ikhwalithi uhlobo umkhiqizo main, kodwa futhi phezu amafutha asetshenziswa ke. Lapho le ngxenye izinga lokungafani ukudla liwohloka kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, tallow kusuka yenkomo noma ingulube fat asifanele bayobhaka pancake ne jam. Le nhlanganisela uyakwazi usebenzisa umpheki kuphela nokuwubuwula futhi bengenakho okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ukuze wenze mncane futhi usentekenteke ukunambitheka izitsha eziningi ezisetshenziswa lapho ulungiselela ibhotela. Ngokuvamile umkhiqizo isetshenziselwa sandwich. ukubukwa zakhe zancibilika uthele ukudla ngomumo kusuka gourmet nokudla ezempilo. uwoyela kusaladi ezisetshenzisiwe.

Ukuze inyama izitsha hot, nezinye izinhlobo ukuthosa imikhiqizo farinaceous esetshenziswa yengulube kanye yenkomo tallow. Yemvu amafutha iye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo e cuisine Asia Ephakathi futhi Caucasian.

Zemifino amafutha labapheki ukuthatha ezimweni lapho ekwakhiweni ukudla kudinga ukuba usebenzise amafutha uncured.

Isidingo

Ngaphandle amanoni akunakuba omunye izinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu Culinary - ukuthosa. Kuphela ngosizo umpheki kungaletha indaba kokuqala lokushisa eliphezulu. Uma le inyama, inhlanzi noma imifino uvikelwe ukuthungela futhi amandla omlilo. Phakathi ukuthosa kudala ungqimba ezondile fat phakathi umkhiqizo futhi phansi izitsha. Ukhuthaza Ukushisa iyunifomu.

Lapho ukuthosa kuba sobala nokukodwa ngaphezulu ewusizo njengoba amafutha. Ancibilikisa eminye enamakha izinto Umbala, eziqukethwe imifino. Lokhu kwenza kube ngcono kakhulu iphunga nokubukeka ukudla.

Ukusetshenziswa amafutha esundu

Lo mkhiqizo isetshenziswa Russia muva. umkhiqizo kawoyela Kumiswa kusukela izithelo wamasundu okuthiwa Yeminqumo.

Lapho kuphumeleleka khona amanoni ezidliwayo? Lo mkhiqizo sitshalo ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukubhaka, kanye womshini imikhiqizo confectionery senzelwe isitoreji zesikhathi eside.

amafutha esundu possesses izakhiwo ezithakazelisayo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali. Yingakho wawuhlanganisiwe uhlu lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yemifino amafutha, ekhiqizwa eplanethini yethu. Lokhu kungenxa izindleko zalo ongaphakeme nokutholakala. amafutha esundu has a izinga ezikhangayo olwengeziwe. Ngenxa ukumelana layo ezinhle namachibi, kungase kugcinwe isikhathi eside.

Le ndawo ezivame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa amanoni zemifino yokudla. It is lisetshenziswe womshini bhisikidi futhi esilucwecwana imiqulu, okhilimu kanye amakhekhe. Yisebenzise futhi yokuwugazinga imikhiqizo Semi-siphelile. Calorie okuqukethwe kule amafutha yemifino kuyinto 884 kilojoule.

Ngaphandle amafutha esundu Awukwazi ukwenza eziningi imikhiqizo. Ngakho, kuziwa esikhathini olujiyile ubisi ukhilimu ushizi, uyifaka cottage shizi noshizi nama-dessert. La mafutha esihlahla futhi esikhundleni ubisi fat. Ngaphezu umkhiqizo ukudla uthola isicelo ekwenzeni insipho amakhandlela, kanye izimonyo (moisturize futhi ukududuza isikhumba).

Ukusebenzisa confectionery amafutha

Lo mkhiqizo ikhiqizwa ziqhamuka material plant. Nokho, ukubunjwa yayo kungenzeka yengulube samanje noma yenkomo fat. Iqukethe amafutha amnandi futhi hydrogenated whale amafutha. Omunye izithako mkhiqizo njengoba kakhukhunathi noma amafutha esundu.

Kodwa amahwahwa esidumbu confectionery kuyinto into okuqinile kokuba umbala omhlophe ephethe tinge kancane aphuzi. Njengoba for ukunambitheka kanye umthengi libe nezici, zingabantu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ancike kwengoma. Ngokwesibonelo, amanoni confectionery esetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ebhikawozi kufaka kuze kufike 65 amaphesenti yemifino kanye whale hydrogenated amafutha, futhi kufika ku-22 amaphesenti amafutha zemifino. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ekwakhiweni kanye namafutha esundu, onikeza ekupheleni-imikhiqizo ukunambitheka ethize.

Ukusebenzisa amafutha khekhe ikuvumela ukuba uxhumanise ndawonye izingxenye esetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo kokuba ngcono izici yokudla okunempilo. Calorie okuqukethwe kwalesi amanoni 897 kcal.

imajarini

Lo mkhiqizo kungokwalabo iqembu amafutha kuhlanganiswe. Ikhishwa iqhaza unomphela technochemical futhi laboratory kophiko lwayo. The main impahla eluhlaza womshini imajarini - izinhlobo ezehlukene zemifino ezilwane. Iqembu lokuqala lezi zihlanganisa sayinela ukungena, sunflower cottonseed amafutha. Futhi njengoba ezilwane ngokuvamile uthola zisebenzisa whale amafutha.

I ukulungele impahla eluhlaza lilungisiwe esimweni okuqinile futhi sifinyelele iyunifomu ukungaguquguquki ingxube.

Sebenzisa imajarini ukupheka izinhlobo ezahlukene izitsha, kanye ezinye khekhe ukubhaka. Kufake imifino inyama nengulube.

Imajarini kufanelekile ezijulile-ukuthosa. Phela, ngisho nomuntu enamandla kakhulu iyazifudumeza, akabe ukuthola rancidity noma ukuhogela intuthu. Umkhiqizo Calories 570 kcal.