Amakhowe adliwayo futhi engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo: Ukwahlukaniswa umsoco

Ezweni lethu kukhona abaningi zama-fungus, ezinye zazo abantu abaningi abakaze ngisho wezwa. Kodwa abalandeli "ukuzingela sokuthula 'ukuzingela kufanele aqaphele, ngoba phakathi inombolo enkulu zinhlobo, abaningi - amakhowe engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo futhi enobuthi. ngezigaba zabo kungenziwa esekelwe isakhiwo, kanye umsoco. Kulesi sihloko thina nokumisa amakhowe, ezisuselwa kuzakhiwo umsoco futhi ukunambitheka.

Ukwahlukaniswa isikhunta

Zonke amakhowe izakhiwo yokudla okunempilo zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: ezidliwayo, kunemibandela ezidliwayo kanye engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo (enobuthi).

Amakhowe adliwayo, kuye ngokuthi yini ukunambitheka they possess zihlukaniswe 4 izigaba okwamanje. Related ezidliwayo ingaqukatha izinto eziyingozi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo hhayi kungavunyelwa ukupheka emva ukwelashwa okukhethekile (sifakwe emanzini, ukupheka). A abenobuthi Akufanele zidliwe nhlobo.

amakhowe ezidliwayo

Ukwahlukaniswa lolu hlobo ihlukaniswe 4 izigaba:

- Okokuqala - isikhunta baziwa ukunambitheka kwabo futhi asidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Yiqiniso, ukhunta amhlophe, ngempela ubisi amakhowe futhi liqhakaze.

- yesibili isigaba - amakhowe futhi okumnandi, abe nephunga elimnandi, kodwa eliphansi in ukunambitheka kanye nokudla njengenhlangano senzakalo isigaba sokuqala. Kuhlanganisa ibhotela amakhowe, Agaricus campestris, boletus, volnushki, boletus, ophuzi-aspen amakhowe.

- Isigaba sesithathu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa amakhowe ezithinta isilinganiso ukunambitheka izakhiwo, ngiziqoqele ngesikhathi kuphela uma hhayi izithelo freak owusizo esigabeni sokuqala noma sesibili. Kuhlanganisa amakhowe black, Mokhovikov, chanterelles, morels, ezinye izinhlobo syroezhek.

- Isigaba sesine - amakhowe babe high ukunambitheka indices, ngiziqoqele kuphela nayizimfundamakhwela. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa edlelweni kanye izilinganiso endala indawo, rogatiki, Polypore, oyster, nomswani.

amakhowe kunemibandela ezidliwayo

Ukwahlukanisa wukuthi leli qembu kuhlanganisa izithelo aqukethe izinto eziyingozi futhi okumunyu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ube ukunambitheka ezingemnandi noma iphunga. Bazidle kuphela emva kokwelashwa ekhethekile, abilayo, sifakwe emanzini ngamanzi ushintsho, nokususa umhluzi abilayo. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa volnushki, morels, abamnyama agaric, imigqa, futhi abanye syroezhek svinushki abanale kamunyu. Ngokwesibonelo, russula futhi morels kumele kubiliswe imizuzu emihlanu, khona-ke sokukhipha umhluzi kanye amakhowe wokukucima, gazinga noma ingeze isobho.

abenobuthi

Ukwahlukanisa abenobuthi ku lo mshini wezenzo nokuthi leso senzo senziwe ubuthi ezilandelayo:

• Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa isikhunta ezibangela ubuthi wendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, kungaholela ukuphazamiseka isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Isenzo sabo iqala cishe ihora, futhi imiphumela ubuthi singenzeka cishe amasonto amabili. Uma isiguli buthaka kakhulu, kungase kuholele ekufeni. Leli qembu kungase kwenziwe isibaluli raincoat zamanga, ezinye izinhlobo syroezhek, tricholoma pardinum et al.
• Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa amakhowe ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa somzimba womuntu. Izimpawu zokuqala ubuthi kungase kwembule e isigamu sehora. Kungadala ukuhhema, iziqubu zokukhala noma ukuhleka, iziyaluyalu wokugaya ukudla, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. isikhunta ezinjalo zihlanganisa agaric, Govorushko, blewits et al.
• Iqembu lesithathu - ke sika amakhowe nethonya plazmotoksicheskim emzimbeni womuntu. ubuthi yabo isiqala nethonya yabo emva imizuzu engamashumi amathathu, kodwa izibonakaliso ubuthi kungase avela kuphela ngosuku lwesibili. Ngisho noma isikhathi ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze kwelashwe, abantu bayafa ku-30% we amacala. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa grebe eliphaphathekile, esinuka yasentwasahlobo amanita, inocybe, nenyongo ukhunta.

Ukwahlukanisa amakhowe ezidliwayo kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu saqala kule bhizinisi.