Angiography: okungukuthi, incazelo izinqubo netimphawu

Iziguli izifo izitsha inhliziyo negazi ibhekane izifundo zokwelapha ezivamile. uphethwe kokuqala zokugula ivumela ukuhlukanisa wafaka uphethwe yini, kuye kuhlolwe Dynamics zisiza ekukhanyiseni isimo umzimba ngesikhathi yokwelapha kanye isilinganiso zokuvimbela sokuthuthukiswa ukuxakeka. A Balisebenzisa indlela Ukuhlola senhliziyo izifo uhlelo - Angiography. Kuyini diagnostically kubalulekile ukubonisa zokukhwabanisa nokuthi kwenziwa, it is ngani esihlokweni.

Inani lamavoti

Ngesikhathi samuntu umqondo ukubukeka angiography kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ngemva Eqinisweni, njengoba physiologist Behterev lizwakalise umcabango: ". Uma kukhona izixazululo ukuthi ungadluli imishayo-X-ray, kungaba uyogcwala uketshezi izitsha ezinjalo kanye nesithombe" Ukuze zokukhwabanisa busakazeke futhi ngempumelelo ukuyisebenzisa, kwadingeka engamashumi amane ngaphezulu.

Iziguli kuyabekwa inqubo, abanesifiso: "? Angiography - kuyini" Le ndlela ukuxilongwa isimo futhi semithambo permeability, okuyinto eyenziwa usebenzisa izinto umsakazo-opaque. Inqubo ivumela ukuhlola imingcele ezilandelayo:

• ukugeleza kwegazi isilinganiso;
• indawo semithambo;
• khona anomalies azalwa naso;
• ukuvaleka;
• kumiswa circuitous ukugeleza izindlela;
• isimo imithambo ukuthi ukuncelisa izimila.

Lapho inqubo wenziwa?

izikhungo Yokucwaninga (iphrofayli encane noma ububanzi) kanye nezibhedlela ifakwe izindawo esikhethekile angiography.

Lapha zonke nemibandela asepsis. Esikhathini izakhiwo kuyinto impahla edingekayo:

• Angiography - idivayisi kokuba ama-apharathasi ukuze iyohlolwa radiology isimo izitsha (imithambo, emithanjeni, ama-capillary, imigudu ye-lymph);
• ikhamera isivinini fluorographic;
• kudivayisi, injongo okuyinto lokufeza-X-ray multishot namavidiyo.

Esikhathini izikhungo ezikhethekile kakhulu zokuxilonga wenziwa CT angiography. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthola umbono ocacile imithambo isimo (ngokuningiliziwe), ngakhoke kudinga ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi zakamuva eziphambili.

izimiso ucwaningo

Esikhathini isitsha igazi okuyinto Kuyadingeka yini sizihlole futhi ukuphenya iqondiswa izidakamizwa radiopaque, a esuselwe iodine. Lokhu kwenziwa esebenzisa catheterization noma umshini wokubhoboza. Uma umkhumbi sise ibangana ngaphansi kwesikhumba, bese ikhambi ukuthi injected ke nge isipetu (wokubhoboza).

Catheterization isetshenziselwa imithambo ezijulile noma ngemithambo. Ngo projection bomkhumbi yokuhlola eyenza izinzwa wendawo. Ngemva imbobo kwesikhumba futhi ongama okunamafutha izicubu kuthiwa isitsha ihlaziye ingezwe nalokho introducer (mncane plastic tube-10 cm ubude). Through the introducer beyikhipha nezinye izinsimbi zomculo kanye ipayipi, ukuze ungenawo ngephutha ilimaze Imithambo yegazi. Through ipayipi busuka ejenti ukuze kuvele umehluko.

Ngemva isixazululo ingena umkhumbi, elulele ngokusebenzisa uhlelo. Okokuqala, ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo agcwaliswa ke arteriole, ama-venule futhi capillary. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngosizo umshini-X-ray wathatha izithombe ezimbalwa noma ividiyo emfushane.

imithambo Angiography noma emithanjeni (imiphumela yocwaningo) kulotshwe konemimoya digital elikuvumela ukuba ubonise idatha ukuxhaphaza abanye ochwepheshe.

Lapho ukusebenzisa?

Ukuhlolwa isimo futhi semithambo permeability esetshenziswa emkhakheni imithi, njenge:

• ukuhlinzwa semithambo - ngaphambi kokuba sihlinzwe udokotela icacisa indawo kanye nesakhiwo ezindaweni eziqhutshwa;
• Oncology - indawo ensimini Primary metastases bahlola ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa inethiwekhi capillary;
• Pulmonology - ukuhlola wamaphaphu vasculature, kanye ukucacisa indawo pop-ukopha;
• Phlebology - Ochwepheshe ukunquma ukuba khona imingcele, ukubukeka aneurysms, amahlule, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, isifo semithambo, anomalies azalwa naso imvelo;
• yezinzwa - izitsha ubuchopho angiography ikhombisa khona useshonile, ukopha, olugcwele, isimila izinqubo.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola zonke izitsha endaweni ethile, bese le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi angiography jikelele. Endabeni ekuhloleni isimo ezitsheni ngabanye ukutadisha ngale ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi sikhethe.

cerebral angiography semithambo

Ahlolisise izidakamizwa radiopaque iqondiswa ngumuntu imithambo ipayipi ezifana:

• nomlenze wokunene;
• ehlombe;
• ulna;
• subclavian.

I ipayipi uqhubekile ngokusebenzisa uhlelo semithambo nesifunda lapho yokuhlola isitsha legatsha. Esikhathini inesikhala iqondiswa isixazululo. Ngokushesha ukwenza uchungechunge isibhamu kuthabathela ecaleni kanye phambi ikhanda. Uma kubalulekile ukuhlola izakhiwo ezikude, ingxenye izinto iqondiswa yesibili. Nalapha kulandelwa uchungechunge izithombe projection edingekayo. Ithuluzi Ukufakwa sisuswa futhi uphethwe usuphothuliwe.

angiography cerebral kudinga ukusetshenziswa izinzwa zendawo ukuze Numb endaweni lapho catheterization. Ngenkathi ipayipi uqhubekile ngomzimba, isiguli engazizwa ukungakhululeki. Nge nokwethulwa kwesixazululo kungenzeka emlonyeni metallic ukunambitheka, ngamanzi ebusweni, ukushisa ukuzwa achithekile. Imiphumela zinyamalale emva kwamaminithi ambalwa.

Izinkomba luhlolo imithambo ingqondo

Inani lezimo sokugembula ezidinga ukuxilongwa (MRI angiography wenziwa ukuze uthole eminye imininingwane):

• useshonile - ukunwetshwa isitsha, okungaholela ukopha;
• Angioma - isimila semithambo;
• unhlangothi ischemic - kudokotela ucubungula isidingo thrombolysis;
• oluhambisana unhlangothi - kunqunywa umthombo ukopha;
• malformation semithambo - udokotela ucubungula ezingeni yesifo nayo umthombo ukopha;
• TBI - ukunquma imiphumela ukuhlukumezeka;
• hematoma - uchwepheshe ulinganisela indawo kanye nosayizi;
• isimila - ukuchaza ubukhulu, indawo, isimo izitsha supply.

izitsha Angiography wenhliziyo

angiography coronary - kuyini? Le ndlela imithambo ucwaningo zenhliziyo. Catheterization we femoral noma osabalalayo Umthambo ipayipi futhi baqhuba ukuba le-aorta. isixazululo radiopaque iqondiswa yanjalo ku sokunene nesobunxele nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Uchungechunge izithombe kwenziwa ngokushesha.

Isiguli kungase esekhala ukubonakala izimpawu phezu nokuphathwa izidakamizwa njengoba:

• ukushisa in the face;
• arrhythmia;
• isiyezi;
• ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza,
• ukukhwehlela.

I izinkomba for esivimba amanzi ukholwa, isifo senhliziyo, Cardio, anomalies inhliziyo semithambo azalwa naso nemvelo.

Lolu cwaningo imithambo esitho

emkhawulweni angiography kuhilela inqubo ukuhlola isimo ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni ngemithambo ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Sifo emikhawulweni engenhla olwenziwa wethula impahla radiopaque ku umfula brachial. Ukuze nasemilenzeni ephansi - ku-aorta besisu noma Umthambo femoral, kuye ngokuthi yini ileveli ukuhlola kunesidingo. Ukuze ukufunda imithambo yegazi yomuntu unyawo nomlenze aphansi ukuchitha wokubhoboza we Umthambo posterior tibial. Ngokwethulwa isixazululo isiguli bangase babe nomuzwa kuqubule ukushisa ezinyaweni.

Izinkomba isifundo:

• isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi wemikhawulo aphansi;
• isifo occlusive;
• thrombosis, thrombophlebitis;
• thromboembolism;
• ukulimala, ephelezelwa unokungaxhumani izitsha;
• sokuhlaziya useshonile;
• kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda ukuphumelela ukwelashwa.

Ukulungiselela uphethwe

Qiniseka ukuthi ucacise ukungabi khona hypersensitivity ngabanye iodine nemikhiqizo yalo. Uma isiguli sine-sokukhulelwa, X-ray azisetshenziswa. Kulokhu, ayethanda MR angiography.

Amaviki amabili ngakususi utshwala ngeliviki - anticoagulants ( "Heparin", "Warfarin", "aspirin"). Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba sitholakele Kwenziwa eziningi izifundo ezifana:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi Clinical kanye nomchamo, coagulation, oyisazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo;
• ECG kanye ultrasound inhliziyo;
• emaphashini fluorography;
• lwegazi nomaka RH isici;
• luhlolo izifo (HIV, i-hepatitis, ugcunsula).

Ngobusuku obandulela angiography Kwenziwa kusampula lomcebo radiopaque. Vein iqondiswa 0.1 ml. Endabeni urticaria, rhinitis iguliswa, conjunctivitis, ukusetshenziswa arrhythmia izidakamizwa akuvunyelwe.

Kusihlwa ngaphambi inqubo eyenziwa enema ukuhlanzwa, izinqubo yokuhlanzeka. Uchwepheshe esabela sedatives, okuvumela nesineke uphumule. On ekuseni examinee akumelwe adle noma aphuze phambi zokukhwabanisa kudingeka ukuba athululele esinyeni.

ukuqeqeshwa umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama

Kunezindlela eziningi izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo edinga indlela eside futhi ngokucophelela ukulungiswa inqubo enjalo kuyinto angiography. Uyini iziguli kufanele ukwenze ukuze uphethwe kwaba uneventful?

High blood pressure, kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba izinze. Ngenxa yale njongo zisebenzisa "Nifedipine", "Dibazol" "Raunatin" noma isiphi esinye isidakamizwa antihypertensive isiguli therapy njalo.

Ephambi kwezinduna arrhythmias inhliziyo iqondiswa "Panangin" noma potassium chloride. Udokotela isebenzisa glycosides inhliziyo. Ngo CHD noma ubuhlungu benhliziyo syndrome usebenzisa "nitroglycerin" "Ernits" "Sustak".

sezinso umzimba zidinga amanzi ukugcwaliswa. Ukusetshenziswa izidakamizwa radiopaque kuyoba isenzo kancane njenge-agent ecasulayo futhi ngokushesha excreted ku umchamo.

Uma une imithombo ezingamahlalakhona ukutheleleka (sinusitis, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula), uchwepheshe sinquma amaphilisi noma sulfonamides 2 amaviki ngaphambi cwaningo.

Izimo angiography

I nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo akuyona eyenziwa uma kunosongo isimo nempilo isiguli. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezifana:

• izifo sibi ukuvuvukala;
• yezifo zengqondo;
• ukwehluleka kwezinso;
• isifo senhliziyo decompensation;
• iguliswa iodine nemikhiqizo yalo;
• izifo ephelezelwa ukopha iziyaluyalu;
• sokukhulelwa.

Angiography - ngempumelelo futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi indlela semithambo uhlelo izifundo, kokuba izinzuzo eziningi phezu kwezinye izindlela zokuxilonga.