Aromorphosis - Iyini?

Ngokwe-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, zonke izilwane nezimila ezikhona emhlabeni namuhla zivela kulabo eziphilayo bakudala ukuthi umhlaba owakhiwe izigidi zeminyaka edlule. Ukuthuthukiswa izidalwa singenzeka ngenxa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu idioadaptation, futhi ukonakala, futhi aromorphosis. Idioadaptation - omunye izinkomba main yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, sibonga umzimba wakhe uvuma imvelo ethize, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi ukuguqula isakhiwo yayo. Ukonakala kuhilela ukunyamalala kwanoma yini yemizimba e inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kungenzeka ukuba bagcine kumiswa iziqalo, okusho izinsalela izitho zomzimba kufanele okhokho kwenziwa imisebenzi ebalulekile. Indoda le, isibonelo, nesibaya semilunar ekhoneni engaphakathi iso, coccyx, nokunye. D. Kule isiqondiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo njengeyiqiniso aromorphosis sizogxila kulesi sihloko kabanzi.

Kuyini lokhu?

Aromorphosis - kwetintfo we Ukuklanywa komzimba ngokuhamba ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ukuze nekwenta ncono kusebenta kwato. Lezi zihlanganisa, isibonelo, okuvela kuyo ukuzala, amaningi, teplokrovnosti, kokukhulelwa double ezitshalweni, nokunye. D. Ngokusebenzisa le nqubo, kwakhiwa ehlukahlukene ngakho Biosphere iplanethi enguMhlaba.

Umsuka wokuphila kanye aromorphoses lokuqala

Amabhiliyoni edlule empilweni ocean wazalwa, futhi izinto eziphilayo kuqala emhlabeni kukhona prokaryotes owumphumela. amaseli wabo waba isakhiwo bakudala, wayengacabangi Ukwakheka kwabo nucleus futhi organelles abaningi abangabokuqala eukaryotes. Era, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho kwakukhona eziphilayo zokuqala, ebizwa ngokuthi Archean. It uhlanganisa inkathi esukela 4 kuya ku-2.5 bhiliyoni edlule. Phakathi Archean Umhlaba yayingakakulungeli ezifana sibona manje emkhathini has cishe awekho oksijini, kwakukhona izwekazi eyodwa kuphela ngezinyawo nakho kwakungelula kodwa ukuphila, imvilophu gaseous planethi kwaba ayazika, ngakho ebusweni it kuwa kwelanga okuncane.

Phakathi naso sonke lesi sikhathi, ngisho cyanobacteria uqala ukuvela like a ulwelwe owumphumela, okuyinto abayohlala Umhlaba kamuva, kodwa babesalokhu prokaryotes. Kodwa la magciwane babe heterotrophs engasesona amabhaktheriya lokuqala ayehlala iplanethi, futhi autotrophs, babekwazi ukuthola amandla elanga, isikhutha namanzi ukuze synthesize izakhi zabo. Kungashiwo ukuthi ukuvela photosynthesis - a aromorphosis, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola i-Umfutho ukuqhubeka lwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziphilayo, baqala ukusebenzisa le nqubo ukukhiqiza izinto eziphilayo, umkhathi waba ngokuqhubekayo abasizakali nomoya-mpilo.

Ukuvela kanye nokuthuthukiswa izitshalo

Singasho ukuthi izitshalo kuqala babe cyanobacteria kwakhiwa esikhathini Archean, njengoba babekwazi ye-photosynthesis. ukuqhubeka umbuso kuhilela kumiswa eziphilayo ayisekho kwakuba kuseli eyodwa. Ukuvela eziphilayo ezinamangqamuzana amaningi - ke aromorphosis, okuyinto, kanye ukuvela photosynthesis uhlu ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa lolu shintsho kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthuthukiswa zezinto eziphilayo, ukwakheka imibuso emikhulu ukuthi akhona kuze kube namuhla. Red futhi ulwelwe oluhlaza ziye esakazwa kulo kwenkathi Proterozoic, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi Ordovician of kwenkathi Paleozoic , babengabokuqala izitshalo kuphela ezikhulayo Emhlabeni.

I yemikhiqizo yezwe eziphilayo kuqala

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka Silurian kwakubikwa izitshalo aromorphosis ezibalulekile - iyona ukuvela kwezindaba spore lokuqala, Rhyniophyta. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kubhekwe njengento ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoba la magciwane Ufake ezweni: bona ahlale ezweni emanzini angajulile.

kunjalo futhi, eqinisweni, babe izitshalo kuqala ukuthi lesi sidumbu emelelwa ukuphunyuka, hhayi thallus like ulwelwe. eminyakeni million 410 edlule Rhyniophyta kakade kahle umhlaba futhi basakaza kabanzi ensimini ka emhlabeni. Esikhathini esifanayo, le Silurian, sibonga izitshalo ngaphansi kwesimo kakade kwaba umoya-mpilo anele khona nezilwane zasezweni kuqala. Ngakusasa aromorphosis ezibaluleke kakhulu - kuyinto ukuvela izitshalo kusuka imbewu esikhundleni ezinhlamvu. Ngakho kwakunabantu abangu-gymnosperms. Aromorphosis - Akukhona ukubukeka imbali nezithelo kwetinhlavu angiosperms.

aromorphoses Okokuqala izilwane

In parallel ukuthuthukiswa zombuso isitshalo kusayithi akazange ame futhi ukuvela jikelele silwane. I aromorphosis bokuqala - kuyinto ukuvela amashidi ezimbili germinal futhi wesimethri osabalalayo ezilwaneni ezinamangqamuzana amaningi. kwakhiwa Ngakho coelenterates, ezihlanganisa amakhorali, izipanji, jellyfish nokunye. D.

Izilwane lokuqala kusezweni

Kwabe sekuthi ngo-eziphilayo uvele wesithathu leaf embryonic - mesoderm, kanye wesimethri zamazwe amabili yomzimba, kwakhiwa kwemisipha izicubu, wethukile futhi izinhlelo excretory. Zonke lezi zici ezinhlobo ezifana flat futhi annelids, okuyinto abe isinyathelo esilandelayo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezilwane. Okokuqala babehlala amanzi, bese baba izilwane wokuqala kwesokunxele emhlabathini. Ukuze uthole olunye Aromorphosis zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa ezimbili-chamber, ezintathu-chamber, bese inhliziyo emine chambered, ukuzungeza double, okuvela kuyo izitho ezifana izinso. Enye aromorphosis ezinkulu Akukhona ukubukeka kuzithinta kanye kumiswa eminye yomgogodla futhi lonke uhlelo zemisipha.

Warm-bloodedness - ke aromorphosis, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. WAKHE OMFUSHANE Wakhonza njengombonisi negalelo ukuqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukiswa izinyoni nezwe ezincelisayo. Izilwane kuqala ukuthi ifa esinegazi elifudumele, kwakukhona abanye izibankwakazi, obabukhona kusukela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi Triassic kwenkathi Mesozoic, isilwane kuqala inyoni-like - lwatholakala kuyi-archaeopteryx. Le into uye waba nezinguquko ezingabe zenzeke ukubukeka izimpaphe, ngoqhwaku izinyoni esingokwemvelo. Khona-ke kwaba khona kumiswa uvolo, placenta e nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane - ngakho kwakunabazalwane ezincelisayo. Ngenxa efakwe kulesi sihloko aromorphoses kokuba zonke izinhlobo ezikhona njengamanje futhi amakilasi kwezilwane.