Art. 312 we Criminal Code. izenzo ezingekho emthethweni ngokuphathelene isakhiwo ngaphansi yokusungula noma ukubopha noma kuncike ekuthathweni

Criminal Code iqukethe isihloko ukuhlinzeka izinhlawulo izenzo ezingekho emthethweni maqondana amafa eziphathekayo, okuyizinto izinyathelo osetshenziswayo ukunikeza. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, ukuba esikhoselweni, ukukhwabanisa, kuhlukaniswa. Ugibe Kumiswa futhi ukuthengiselana emthethweni nge imali kwi "simisiwe" ngeqhaza. Lezi izimpawu ubugebengu imbozwe Article. 312 we Criminal Code engxenyeni yokuqala. Ingxenye yesibili lizokwenza bokunikeza / yokucasha bamanani kufanele zithathwe ngokuhambisana nesinqumo senkantolo ogunyaziwe.

isijeziso

Engxenyeni yokuqala zungu impahla ashaqe noma amagugu ngaphansi yokusungula (kufaka imali) inikezwa:

1. Fine. senani - kuze kube ama-ruble ayizigidi 80 .. noma engenayo alinganayo (s / n) kuncike icala izinyanga eziyisithupha.
2. umsebenzi ophoqelekile (kufika ku 480 h-ti.).
3. Ukuboshwa izinyanga kuze kufinyelele 6.
4. Kufika iminyaka emibili ngempoqo.
5. Ukuboshwa babengagwetshwa iminyaka engaze ibe 2.

Phakathi isabelo / yokucasha bamanani kufanele babaphuca isinqumo senkantolo, kanye ukwehluleka ukusebenzisa isinqumo, elaba amandla ekusetshenzisweni kwemali ayimpoqo inikezwa:

1. ayizinkulungwane 100-150. Hlikihla. esihle. Ubukhulu bayo zingase futhi babe necala nengeniso 1-3
2. Kufika iminyaka emithathu ngempoqo.
3. Kufika engu-3 ebhadla ejele.

Kulo mBhalo, Art. 312 CC RF ivumela izinhlawulo okwengeziwe sinikwe. lenkokhelo - kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 80 noma engenayo alinganayo izinyanga eziyisithupha ..

Art. 312 we Criminal Code: amazwana

Njengoba into ubulelesi ukufika ubudlelwano nomphakathi. Ngo nohlaka zazo bayakuba kuphunyeleliswe ekuthatheni noma iqoqo impahla. Into nezimo zengqondo mayelana nokuvikeleka ukuze isimangalo, bafaka kutinchubo civil nasekuthathweni izinto. Isihloko ubugebengu - noma impahla ashaqe amagugu ngaphansi yokusungula. Izinto ukuphoqelelwa ukuba zokulutheka futhi ziwela ngaphansi Art. 312 we Criminal Code. Inkantolo umkhuba kuvumela ngesinqumo esithathwe ngaleso sicelo zalezi zinyathelo maqondana amafa eziphathekayo emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko wendlela inqubo. Lokhu kwenzeka, isibonelo, hhayi kuphela emva ukuvunyelwa isenzo esifanele lapho kwanelisa izidingo ezishiwo igadango lomthetho noma ukuqaliswa nokudliwa. isinqumo esinjalo lingathathwa kuze kube manje ukuze ahlinzeke izixazululo ukuthi ingase ikhishwe kwalokho, ezihlanganisa izenzo ngokuvumelana kwezinkambiso 104,1 Criminal, i-Criminal Procedure 115, 140 kanye 139 we Civil Inqubo Ikhodi. Njengoba ubugebengu into isihloko. 312 we Criminal Code, ngeke ukwazi ukwenza njengalelo izinto okuyiwona izinyathelo zisetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho (izinto, isibonelo).

Inhloso

It kubonakala ukuziphatha asebenzayo. kukhona izenzo zobugebengu:

1. Ukukhwabanisa.
2. Ukufihla.
3. 'Idla yodwa.
4. ukudluliswa okungekho emthethweni.
5. Buciko izinqubo yasebhange ngemali "eqandisiwe" ku-akhawunti.
6. Isabelo.
7. Ukugwema ukuqaphela, okuyinto angena osikweni sinqumo senkantolo.

I ukwakhiwa ethulwa njengoba amacala esisemthethweni. Art. 312 we Criminal Code alisho njengoba liyisibonelo okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni khona umonakalo impahla eziwumphumela ukuziphatha okungafanele izenzo zokuziphatha. Kule ndaba, ubugebengu kubhekwa igcwaliswe kusukela esikhathini izenzo ezichazwe ngenhla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, esekelwe yokuthi ngaphansi Article 160 Code, ukukhwabanisa kanye ukukhwabanisa kufanele kubhekwe uhlobo nokuntshontshwa impahla, okungukuthi, ukuziphatha ngokungemthetho impahla Ukwakheka ngasocansini yezenzo ezinjalo ngo kohlaka imithetho yethu kudingeka ukukubona sigcwaliswe kuphela uma umonakalo okuhambisanayo.

Ukucaciswa imiqondo

izenzo yokuziphatha ziwela ngaphansi Art ukuthi. 312 CC RF, amelela:

1. Kuhlukaniswa - ukudluliselwa izinto besithathu ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo ukudayiswa, umnikelo noma exchange.
2. Ngokukhwabanisa - ukusetshenziswa umcebo okwakukade imali.
3. Ukufihla - esikhoselweni izinto ezikhona a subject, imizimba ofeza kwezinqumo.
4. ukudluliswa okungekho emthethweni, akusho ukukhishwa esisemthethweni (ukunikeza amandla ommeli ukuthutha futhi ukuqasha).
5. Isabelo - kwegazi emthethweni basuke bengabangane bengcebo esivuna siqu.
6. Ukuqhuba imisebenzi yasebhange - ukudluliswa okungekho emthethweni imali kwi-akhawunti eyodwa kuya kwenye, ukunikeza umnikazi we idiphozi.

kuncike

Njengoba isephulamthetho (umsolwa noma ummangalelwa) kungenzeka baneqhaza umuntu abaneminyaka engu-16, abaphathiswe ingcebo ku irisidi. Isihloko kungenzeka isisebenzi inhlangano yezimali, esemthethweni baphathiswe umthwalo ukuba kusebenze isinqumo senkantolo ophoqelelwe ukususwa izinto. Ephathisa - yokudlulisela ukuze - kusho ukuthi umuntu noma yini engathathwa sizwana nale yomthetho. Bavele baphethe ubunikazi kanye nokulondolozwa izinto. On ubuso eziphoqelelwe futhi ubophezelekile ukunakekela izinto zisesimweni esihle. Ngesicelo ogunyaziwe izikhulu / izikhulu umuntu onesibopho kumele udaba okubhekiselwe kuso amagugu ngaphambili. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, umthetho uvumela ukusetshenziswa izinto. Nokho, akuvunyelwe ukuba onkom 'idla yodwa, ukubhujiswa noma ukulimala. Impahla ovunyelwe zibekwe nomnikazi / umnikazi, abaphathi bendawo, izakhiwo zezindlu, ezikhethekile, kuhlanganise ukuthengisa, izikhungo. Nge umuntu onomthwalo izinto, kuthathwe irisidi.

I subjective ingxenye

A ubugebengu ngaphansi Art. 312 we Criminal Code zihlukaniswa inhloso oqondile. isakhamuzi Guilty uyaqonda ukuthi kukhona izixazululo yamukelwa iziphathimandla abanekhono. Uyakuqonda ukuthi lezi zinqumo enkantolo ehilela yokusungula, ukuboshwa, kokuquleka ngempoqo impahla. Guilty uyawabona lokuthi wemfanelo wokuqinisekisa ukuphepha izinto ezidluliselwe kulona. Uyaziqaphela ubunjalo emthethweni izenzo ukuthi wenza maqondana amagugu yemfanelo ayiphathisiwe. Ukuqonda lezi zici, isihloko ofuna isenzo ekhubazekile futhi kuvimbele imiphumela engemihle esikhathini esizayo. Lapho sicabangela izimo yobulelesi ayenziwa kunakwe futhi akuzona izisusa nemigomo isephulamthetho abalulekile. Ukushushisa kudingekile ukusungula Iqiniso izenzo ezingekho emthethweni kokuziphatha okwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ukubunjwa amagugu, izinga lokuphila kwabo, kanjalonjalo.