ASEAN - ke ... ASEAN amazwe: uhlu imisebenzi kanye injongo

Kuyini ASEAN? Kulesi sihloko uzothola ulwazi ukudalwa, umlando izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe, kanye ilungu amazwe alo. Yini ASEAN ithonya ezombusazwe emhlabeni? Yeka deep kuba ubambiswano Association of Russian?

ASEAN - ke ...

Association of Southeast Asia Nations - umsindo ncamashi igama inhlangano phakathi kohulumeni. Ngokwezwi nezwi, ilihumusha kanje: ". I-Association of izizwe zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia" Ngakho, uma ubeke uhlamvu lokuqala egameni ngalinye isihloko, ungathola esithi ASEAN. Lokhu kwehliswa futhi ngci njengoba isakhiwo isiqu.

Inhlangano sekukhona kumephu zezombusazwe ka-Asia ngo-1967. izinhlangano Area impela high: izigidi ezingu-4.5 amakhilomitha square, sebebonke - abantu abacishe babe izigidi ezingu-600.

ASEAN - inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ngaphakathi okuyinto nokubambisana senzeka ezindaweni ezintathu: kwezomnotho, ezombusazwe, kanye namasiko. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuvamile inhlangano is wagxeka (ikakhulukazi abaholi uthi Western) ngokuba sokuma esithambile futhi amalungelo esintu kanye nenkululeko. Ngokuphathelene ASEAN Western abezindaba bavame ukusebenzisa mpendulo ka "eziningi amazwi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kancane."

Umlando wenhlangano

Ngo-60-yalolucwaningo emhlabeni kwezepolitiki, kukhona umcimbi obalulekile - wokugoqa kohlelo wamakoloni. Amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika nase-Asia ukuzibusa. Kulezi zimo, abaholi abasha uthi ozijameleko South-East Asia, besaba ukuthi izoba namashwa amandla onamandla angomakhelwane uzongenela ezindabeni zamanye amazwe. Ngakho, injongo eyinhloko ye ASEAN (kanye umqondo ayo ayinhloko) - wukuqinisekisa nokungathathi hlangothi bavimbe noma yini engenzeka inter-state izingxabano esifundeni.

Usuku olusemthethweni yokusungulwa kwenhlangano - Agasti 8, 1967. "Obaba" ngokuthi ASEAN ongqongqoshe basemazweni lamazwe amahlanu (Indonesia, iMalaysia, ePhilippines, Thailand kanye Singapore). Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho inhlangano yadibana ngamalungu ayisihlanu.

Emigomweni esigabeni samanje

Ukuze yezinjongo eziyinhloko ASEAN zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza nokuthula esifundeni (ngokuhambisana nezimiso ze-UN);
• sungula nokugcina ukubambisana letihlomulisa nabanye zokwakheka ngamazwe;
• ekhuthaza intuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho kanye namasiko amazwe ilungu.

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we eziyisisekelo inhlangano iyona ASEAN Charter, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, kungaba kubhekwe sisekelo wayo. It ivume izimiso temkhakha umsebenzi inhlangano. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Ukuhlonipha yobukhosi neyobuqotho indawo ye oyilungu.
2. isinqumo elinokuthula futhi okwakhayo kwabo bonke izingxabano nokungezwani.
3. Ukuhlonishwa kwamalungelo esintu.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kuhwebelana ukuhlanganiswa.

amalungu ASEAN isikhathi esiningi futhi umzamo inikezwe zemibuzo ukuzinza bezempi nabezombusazwe enye ukuphangwa esifundeni. Ngakho, ekupheleni kwawo-1990, base bamukela isivumelwano uvala kwezikhali zenuzi South-East Asia.

ASEAN amazwe nazo ngentshiseko nekusebentisana emkhakheni wezemidlalo. Ngezikhawu iminyaka emibili esifundeni kukhona okuthiwa South Asian Games (ezinye Analogue of the Olympic Imidlalo). Amalungu inhlangano usehlela kuyo ukuba bafake isicelo jikelele ngoba ilungelo ukusingatha imidlalo yeNdebe yoMhlaba yebhola lezinyawo nga-2030.

ASEAN amazwe: Uhlu labahlanganyeli

Ubukhulu le nhlangano wezizwe kwesifunda futhi ihlanganisa amazwe eziyishumi South-East Asia.

Sibala zonke lamazwe ASEAN. Uhlu simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Indonesia.
2. Malaysia.
3. Philippines.
4. Thailand.
5. Singapore.
6. Cambodia.
7. Vietnam.
8. Laos.
9. Myanmar.
10. Brunei.

Amazwe ezinhlanu zokuqala ohlwini kukhona abasunguli kwenhlangano, nabanye, baba yingxenye kamuva.

ASEAN izinze e Jakarta, inhloko-dolobha Yase-Indonesia.

I ohlakeni lwale nhlangano futhi ikakhulukazi umsebenzi walo

Umzimba eliphezulu kakhulu isakhiwo - lokhu "isiqongo yabaholi", ezihlanganisa abaholi bamazwe nohulumeni lamazwe iqhaza. ASEAN isiqongo kuvame ukuthatha izinsuku ezintathu.

Inhlangano usebenza ngenkuthalo futhi kube nezithelo. Minyaka yonke, emazweni ASEAN Awekho imihlangano ngaphansi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu ezahlukene kanye nemicimbi. Kwimodi operation okuqhubekayo lenhlangano eholwa likanobhala eliholwa uNobhala Jikelele. Minyaka yonke, i-Association of South-East Asia, eholwa unobhala entsha elandelayo ASEAN amazwe (in alfabhethi).

Ngaphansi kohlaka zezombusazwe zokuvimbela ngo 1994 kwaba ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane ASEAN Regional Forum.

Emblem uhlabe

Inhlangano has izimpawu zayo olusemthethweni. Lokhu isibonakaliso, ifulege futhi isiqubulo.

Yisiqubulo inhlangano sifundeka kanje: Omunye Vision. Omunye Identity. Omunye Zomphakathi, lingase lihunyushwe ngokuthi "Omunye ukubukeka, nelilodwa, umphakathi obumbeneko."

Isibonakaliso oyinhloko yenhlangano - umbuthano obomvu ne eziyishumi umoba eboshiwe elayisi (uphawu isitshalo eyinhloko esifundeni South-East Asia). Kusobala ukuthi irayisi umoba zifanekisela ubunye ASEAN ilungu emazweni ayishumi. Ngo-May 1997, inhlangano yokutholwa ifulege. I-logo ngenhla wabekwa unxande indwangu eluhlaza osayizi ejwayelekile.

ASEAN Free Trade Area

Ukusungulwa kweziGungu ukuhweba khulula, kwaba nenqubekela-bushelelezi kwezimpahla ngaphakathi ASEAN ilungu-amazwe ingenye impumelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu esachazwa inhlangano. Isivumelwano esasayinwa ebusika 1992 eSingapore.

Ngo-2007, ngokokuqala ngqa ngo-ASEAN umemezela ukuthi uhlose isivumelwano esifanayo ne Japan, China, South Korea nakwamanye amazwe kohlaka yokudalwa kwendawo ASEAN Economic Community. Mahhala ukuhweba isivumelwano Australia naseNew Zealand esayinwe Februwari 2009. amathathu edlule, ngo-2013, aphethwe kwezinkulumo zokuqala e-Indonesia ukuxoxa ithemba "esibanzi lesifunda ngokubambisana kwezomnotho."

amathemba obengeziwe ukukhulisa

Namuhla e-ASEAN inamalungu 10. amazwe amabili ngaphezulu (ePapua New Guinea nase-East Timor) unesimo sokuba ingqapheli enhlanganweni.

Emuva ngo-1990, amalungu inhlangano bazama ukubandakanya Japan e ASEAN ukuhlanganiswa, South Korea, naseChina. Nokho, lezi zinhlelo zehlulekile ngokuyinhloko ngenxa United States futhi zilekelele asebenzayo. Nokho, eminye ukuhlanganiswa izinqubo namanje baqhubeka esifundeni. Ngo-1997 wakha Bloc lamazwe e-"ASEAN plus ezintathu" format. Ngemva kwalokho wathatha engqungqutheleni enkulu, owawusedolobheni hhayi kuphela uthi ezintathu ezibalwe ngenhla, kodwa futhi e-Australia, eNew Zealand nase-India.

Entwasahlobo ka-2011, ngenhloso yayo ukujoyina iqembu ASEAN ilungu amazwe wathi iziphathimandla zase-East Timor. Isitatimende elihambisana ukuthi uzwakalise engqungqutheleni yenhlangano ku Jakarta. Indonesia ke ngezandla ezifudumele ithimba esemthethweni ye-East Timor.

Elinye ilungu ezithembisa ka ASEAN ngokuthi iPapua - New Guinea. Lesi simo has isimo izinyoni e-Association kusukela 1981. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lena ezweni Melanesia, yena ibambisene inhlangano emkhakheni kwezomnotho.

International lobambiswano "ASEAN - Russia" uhlelo

Russian Federation Dialogue nenhlangano okukhulunywa wasungula ngo-1996. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, nezimemezelo eziningana ngokubambisana sasayinwa.

I inkhulumomphendvulwano emkhatsini Russia nase ASEAN ukuba sijulise emva ukusayinwa iSivumelwano lokuqala Amity Nokubambisana mpumalanga ye-Asia (okubizwa ngokuthi Bali iSivumelwano 1976) ngoNovemba 2004. Ngemva konyaka, ngo-Malaysia isingathwe esiqongweni "Russia - ASEAN", wakhe ubuhanjelwe uVladimir Putin. Ngakusasa mhlangano kwaba nomhlangano e-2010 e Hanoi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle Russia njalo uhlanganyela izingqungquthela kanye nemihlangano inhlangano ngefomethi "ASEAN +1" futhi "ASEAN 10".

IRussia eduze izibopho zomlando ngenombolo lamazwe phakathi kwamalungu ale nhlangano. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Vietnam (emkhakheni igesi kanye nemandla enuzi). Ngokusho kodokotela abathile, ubudlelwano phakathi Hanoi futhi eMoscow neze kunabayeni Russian-Chinese ubudlelwane ukubaluleka. Yingakho le ushona obengeziwe ngokubambisana neNhlangano ASEAN kuyinto ebaluleke kwenqubomgomo Russia angaphandle.

Ngo-2016, i-Russian Federation futhi inhlangano ukugubha iminyaka engu-20 kusukela osukwini okuphume ngalo ukusungulwa kokusebenzisana. Unyaka omusha isivele amenyezelwa uthi we-Association of the Year of Culture Russian.

Ekuphetheni ...

ASEAN - inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe enamalungu ukubambisana ezindaweni eziningi. Inhlangano sekukhona ngemva kokuwa isimiso sezwe wamakoloni.

Namuhla, emazweni ASEAN - eziyishumi uthi ezimele eNingizimu-East Asia. ukusebenzisana kwabo kusizile kwenza kwaba ikhambi inqwaba nezindaba impikiswano emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.