Asiye Italy! Pisa ezikhangayo

Ngezinye amakhilomitha 12 olwandle, eduze goba lomfula Arno, Pisa Iyidolobhana elincane okungokukaNkulunkulu main ezikhangayo Italy. NgeNkathi Ephakathi lo muzi wawuyinhloko-dolobha ka omunye republic zasolwandle, wasivikela ogwini Italian kusukela Saracens kanye Arabhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Pisa, teaming nezinye republic zasolwandle, wawina phezu Arabhu iningi iziqhingi kahle noLwandle LwaseMedithera. Izakhamuzi zalo muzi yabekwa eSicily, eSardinia futhi Calabria. Futhi manje-ke kuyinto Museum weqiniso wamanzi ukubaluleka aseYurophu, futhi izivakashi eziningi ukuvakashela idolobha Pisa. Map izinto - lena inkomba kwabo emhlabeni bokwakhiwa ephakathi.

Pisa udumo ngamazwe labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe emkhakheni wezobuciko, amasiko ucwaningo zezemfundo. Futhi hhayi indima yokugcina idlalwa ngu ongowokuzalwa ka emzini, isazi sezinkanyezi esidumile Italian futhi physics uGalileo Galilei umakhenikha. By the way, eduze nedolobha kuyinto sezindiza elibizwa ngegama lakhe. Kodwa ezikhangayo esemqoka Pisa, okuyizinto yobuciko yobuciko kanye izakhiwo ezisebusweni "ISiganga Amaphupho." Ngakho kuyinto endaweni etholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Pisa ubudala, eduze medieval izindonga zomuzi. Lapha ku edlelweni esikhulu oluhlaza umbhoshongo insimbi, okuyinto wonke umuntu uyazi ngokuthi "nombhoshongo ophakeme", isonto elithile, indawo yokubhapathiza kanye emathuneni elisungulwe phakathi nekhulu le-11.

Sakha lombhishobhi e Pisa e 1064. Waba yisibonelo emikhandlwini efana wakhela nakwamanye amadolobha enkabeni ye-Italiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitayela senziwa lapho kuqala elalibizwa ngokuthi iKhanana "Pisa Romanesque". Futhi lokhu ukwakhiwa nomthelela yokuthi e Pisa ozalwa umqophi esikoleni ezaziwayo, eyasungulwa Dzhovanni Pizano futhi Niccolò. zokungcebeleka eziningi Pisa manje kule lombhishobhi. Lokhu, isibonelo, San Ranieri portal, ezikhathini eminyakeni engaphambili owakhonza njengesithunywa isango layo elikhulu kuwo. Wakha iNkosi yakhe of Pisa Bonanno Pisano. Ngesisekelo le portal 24 zethusi panel lapho ngesineke izigcawu kusuka eTestamenteni Elisha.

Ngemuva lombhishobhi kuyinto "nombhoshongo ophakeme", ngaphandle okuyinto izinto Pisa bekungeke kube abadumile. Phela, enyakazayo yayo ulilethele emhlabeni wonke udumo kuleli belfry. Ekuqaleni, kwakuhlelwe ukwakha imitha-70 ukuphakama, kodwa ngenxa imvula inhlabathi abakhi bama e 55. Yakha ke Bonanno Pisano kwaqala ngo 1173, futhi waqedela ukwakhiwa Tommaso Pisano ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-14. "Ukuncika Tower" liqukethe imikhakha eyisithupha loggias elinamakholomu. Bona azungeze ukwakhiwa umumo cylindrical futhi esekelwe base zemabula, ngesimo nemengamo abayizimpumputhe, eyenziwe isitayela okumsulwa of Pisa. Futhi enyakazayo basembhoshongweni esetshenziswa uGalileo Galilei, aphethwe lapha ucwaningo lwabo ukufunda adonsela phansi eMhlabeni.

Ngisho izivakashi yanconywa ukuhlola emathuneni kwedolobha Pisa, ogama nokuzwa kukhona ukubukeka Gothic. Yakha yaqala Dzhovanni Di Simone emuva 1278. Ngokusho umqondo wakhe kwathiwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa njengendlela ethuneni ukuze izakhamuzi ezinethonya abadumile. Lokhu emathuneni kuyinto ebiyelwe zemabula odongeni kokuba lwaleli abayizimpumputhe. Kodwa omunye wabo has inthanethi ezimbili. A emathuneni luphakathi endaweni elingunxande, futhi ezinsikeni zawo kwangaphakathi kukhona kuvulandi nge nemengamo. On ezindongeni kuvulandi izigcawu zeTestamente Elidala okuvela, ogama umbhali Betsonno Gozzoli. Kukhona umsebenzi Spinello Arettino futhi Tadeo uGadi.

Luhambo Landelayo of Pisa - okubhapathiza. Lesi sakhiwo isiyingi nge ububanzi 35,5 amamitha, eyenziwe isitayela Romanesque futhi balcony ehlotshisiwe futhi izindawo zokudlala. Ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele emangalisayo Dome yakhe mbhoshongo emise. Yakha okubhapathiza waqala ngo 1153. Kulapha kwesitulo lilondolozwe Nicola Pisano, emifanekisweni esenziwe kuye, futhi ezinhle ifonti octagonal, okuyinto yayihlotshiswe nge zemabula ezinemibala. Ngomqondo onabile, lezi ezikhangayo Pisa kungenziwa wavakashela ngosuku, kodwa ngokuqinisekile isipiliyoni eziyohlala phakade.