ATX Isici sefomu: Uhlolojikelele, izici kanye nezici

ubuchwepheshe Ikhompyutha ivela. It siyashintsha ukuma amadivaysi, Ubukhulu yabo futhi Ukucaciswa. Lamuhla sitawubuka into efana ifomu factor, ATX futhi ezihlukahlukene zalo - ethandwa kakhulu futhi kwafunwa.

Ifomu Factor

Ukuya isihloko sihloko, kudingeka baqonde umqondo eziyisisekelo. Ifomu isici - Standardization mayelana imishini IT. Nayo ungakwazi ukunquma ubukhulu kudivayisi, main izinkomba lobuchwepheshe, khona izingxenye ezengeziwe futhi indawo yabo.

Manje, ekhuluma ngale ndlela isici, abantu siyikhumbule umbadlana. Ngasekuqaleni leli gama lase isetshenziswa bezinhlamvu ifoni, imishini yezokuxhumana kanye nezinye izingxenye PC.

Njengoba sazi ukuthi ifomu factor - umqondo zifane, lingelikaJehova nemingcele izincomo. Lokho kungenxa Inkomba, elisho uhlobo oluthile factor, kungenzeka ukuhlonza imingcele edingekayo futhi ozikhethela. I Onjiniyela ozama bazithatha kalula izinto ejwayelekile aziholele ekudaleni ikhithi ezifanele.

zinhlobo

ATX Isici sefomu akulona izingxenye ejwayelekile kuphela. Kodwa le ndlela kwaba isidingo ekukhiqizweni PC. isikhathi zayo zokuqala emhlabeni wabona ngo-1995, futhi nomkhiqizi le izakhiwo kwenzekeni Intel. yayikhona amazinga XT, IAT Baby-AT, okuyinto ngo-1983 ayisungula IBM Ngaphambili.

ATX Isici sefomu uhlobo abathintekayo namazinga ukubukeka ukushintshwa. Baqala avele format esifushanisiwe, ngenombolo ezincane Slots kanye usayizi ezihlangene. Ngu 2005, indinganiso mobile yasungulwa, izilimi elungiselelwe.

amakhompyutha Office, kakhulu, baqala ukuhlomisa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene nezindinganiso ezithile. Baqala avele amabhodi eyayisetshenziswa izimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi. ukulungiswa okunjalo standard waziwa ngo-2004. ATX Isici sefomu ophindukuzalwa e SSI CEB, DTX, BTX, kanjalonjalo.

ATX

Leli fomu isici usuthandwa ngo-1995, kodwa kabanzi kunazo kusukela ngo-2001. Izinga isibe evelele emsebenzini wokukhiqiza PC. Kuthinta hhayi kuphela ubukhulu amabhodi, noma ezinye izingxenye. ATX PSU abizele indinganiso PC icala, ukubekwa Slots kanye nezixhumanisi, ukuma indawo Slots, obandayo futhi ongakhetha ugesi.

Sekuyisikhathi eside Intel bacabanga ukuthi kufanele kube ukuqhubeka AT Isici sefomu. Ngo-1995, onjiniyela ethulwa brand new ATX ejwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokhu inkampani, ekushintsheni umcabango wokuthi amazinga ephelelwe yisikhathi nezinye abakhiqizi abalethe OEM-imishini. Ngemva indinganiso entsha iye usuthathwe labo ayenamanzi umbadlana futhi ugesi.

Eminyakeni eminingi ukhona, 12 Ukucaciswa badedelwa. ATX Isici sefomu osayizi ejwayelekile has: mm - 305 x 244 amayintshi - 12 x 9.6. Ukulungiswa ukuthi zavezwa ngamagama ahlukene ziye ithuthukiswe okusekelwe ATX, kodwa abe umehluko ukubekwa kwamachweba, futhi ngakho Ubukhulu jikelele. D.

Ngakho, ngo-2003, Intel wafuna ukwethula BTX. Le ndinganiso entsha kahle kakhulu selehlile PC uhlelo iyunithi. Onjiniyela ufuna ukususa kancane nge ATX izimakethe, okuyinto balondoloza ukushisa eliphezulu ngaphakathi ohlelweni. Kodwa ngisho ingozi njengokushisa okweqile lonke uhlelo, akanikelanga yokuthi ukushintsha kahle ifomethi ukuze BTX.

abakhiqizi Abaningi benqabile ayihambise njengoba kwamandla ukushabalalisa, yabonisa ukuthi uba nemiphumela emihle esikhathini esizayo usakwazi ukuze zithole imiphumela emihle ngaleso lwaluyophola izindlu ngaphandle kokushintsha ejwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-2011 kwaba sobala ukuthi ukuze esikhundleni ATX Isici sefomu akudingekile.

The main izinguquko

ezisunguliwe Ngakho yimpumelelo kulo mkhakha akuyona kukufanelekele ukulinda. Umsebenzisi lithole izinguquko ezinkulu mayelana inguqulo eyandulele AT. CPU ugesi ngahileleka le umbadlana. Wakhonza emandleni eceleni ngisho nalapho ivaliwe. Materinka usebenza control unit kanye namadivayisi eziningana neuropathy.

Sebekwazi esikhundleni ngumlandeli ku elikhulu nokuningi ukubeka PSU yayo ngezansi. Ukugeleza emoyeni kuba namandla kakhulu futhi ihlanganisa inqwaba izakhi iyunithi uhlelo. It kushintsha inani ekuvukeleni ngokufanele, futhi umsindo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona ukuthambekela beka kwamandla ezansi izindlu.

ukudla

Ukushintsha ushintsho Isici sefomu ilethe format amandla isixhumi. Isizathu salokhu kwakuwukuthi ngefomethi yangaphambilini ye nezixhumi ezimbili ezifanayo iye Slots engasekelwe, yingakho ukuhluleka lesistimu. Ngo inqubo okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kwakudingekile ukuba landise inani lawo amandla oxhumana. Onjiniyela uqalise nge 20, kamuva baba xaxa futhi ube nezixhumi ezengeziwe.

esibonakalayo iphaneli

Interface Panel baba ekhululeke kakhudlwana. Ngaphambili, kwakukhona slot kwekhibhodi, futhi emigodini setha Imali eyandisiwe. ATX Isici sefomu ukungezwa slot kwekhibhodi ukubeka idivayisi. endaweni Mahhala matasa unxande "igebe" of usayizi zifane, lapho onjiniyela ukubeka Slots kunesidingo.

Basic ugesi

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona umbadlana ATX Isici sefomu, zingatholakala futhi PSU lokhu okujwayelekile. Kusukela intuthuko ifomethi eyathatha iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi developers uzamile hhayi kuphela ukushintsha isixhumi, kodwa futhi kwenze kube iyahambisana amafomu odlule.

Ngakho, lalibhekisela isixhumi 20, oxhumana amandla. Lolu khetho bekulokhu ethandwa ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe umbadlana nge PCI-Express ibhasi. Kwabe sekulandela isenzakalo esivelele isixhumi nge 24 izikhonkwane. Lolu khetho kusekelwa kanye nenguqulo eyandulele, "ibhonasi" 4 izikhonkwane angasuswa, futhi ibhodi uzosebenza nge amabili.

CPU ushintsho

Lapho beqala ukuvela Pentium entsha 4 futhi Athlon 64, kwakudingekile ukuba abukeze ejwayelekile inguqulo 2.0. Ngakho, umbadlana efuna imali ukuze main ibhasi 12 V ugesi, ATX Isici sefomu naso kuya enguqulweni yesibili, kumele zithole isixhumi ezengeziwe. Ngakho kwaba khona slot owengeziwe ukuze uthole enye i-4 pin.

Khona laqala ukusetshenziswa embodiments nabantu oxhumana nabo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, 24 + 4 + 6-pole isixhumi ukuthi afuniwe mainboard abathola amaningi PCI-E 16x nezimbobo. A 24 + 4 + 4-pole owawunakho ezengeziwe 8-pin isixhumi, eyayihlanganisa ezimbili Slots 4 oxhumana. Ngakho lalisetshenziselwa motherboards okuyinto abe namandla ukusetshenziswa.

isixazululo enjalo nge inhlanganisela ezimbili nezixhumi 4 oxhumana kwakubangelwa hhayi ukuphuca umsebenzisi ukuxhuma amadala imodeli umbadlana. Ngakho, i-isixhumi ongayedwa unfastened kusuka kwenye, futhi sathola 24 + 4-pin ikhebula.

izindlu

Ngaphezu BP kanye umbadlana, futhi unomzimba ezithile Standardization. ATX Isici sefomu kulokhu lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu futhi efanelekayo mainboards sinye. zezindlu enjalo idinga ukufinyelela kulula wonke azungeze kwangaphakathi. It has ukupholisa kakhulu ngaphakathi. It ikuvumela ukuba ufake ogcwele amabhodi angaphezu kwelilodwa.

Naphezu igama elifanayo, esikhathini ATX chassis zingafakwa umbadlana micro-ATX format. Kafushane ngalokhu ejwayelekile Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi.

version compact

Ifomu isici micro-ATX uvele kancane umhla indinganiso main - ngo-1997. I umbadlana lokhu Ifomethi 244 x 244 mm. Inketho saleso izilimi nge izakhiwo x86 kakade yisikhathi.

Ngo inqubo yokudala kwanqunywa ukuba ugcine kwedivayisi kagesi kanye lokukhanda namazinga odlule. Ngenxa yalokho, umehluko oyinhloko yiwona Ubukhulu amakhadi, Slots nemijikelezo ehlangene. Micro-ATX imakethe semifanekiso ikhadi ihlanganiswe, kanjalo elisho injongo yale ejwayelekile. PC ne isici ifomu ukuhanjwa sokusebenza ehhovisi, kanye ayakhelwe yamaphrojekthi ungumdlali njengoba ihluzo ihlanganiswe Okuqukethwe akuzwakali.

ezinye izinketho

Ngaphezu ATX kanye micro-ATX, kwakukhona ifomu-factor mini-ATX, okuyinto manje asikwazi ngiyithole kwenye indawo. lingakanani - 284 x 208 mm. Kwakubonakala FlexATX, eyayintula izilinganiso 244 x 190 mm. Lokhu ukuguqulwa nezimo futhi ivumela nomkhiqizi ukunquma izinkinga eziningi.

Ngakho, lapho ungakhetha ubukhulu nendawo PD. Ukuze bahlanganyele ngentuthuko mayelana nenkulungwane entsha processor ubuchwepheshe. Kodwa le ndlela akakwazi "ukulwa" nge ATX futhi uhlala ngemuva.