Ayini amandla kagesi?

Abantu abaningi, uma ukhuluma nge into efana amandla kagesi bowuqonde amandla. Nokho, ngisho e-physics esikoleni Yiqiniso banikwa ngokwazi ukuthi amandla - lena nomqondo ezahlukene, nakuba ahlobene.

Umqondo "amandla" kusho nobuntu isenzakalo esithile. Kungenzeka ukuhlobanisa amandla nabanye into. Noma yisiphi isenzo ngokomzimba kungenziwa ngokuthi amandla. umsebenzi Perfect ngokuthi njengoba uphasiswe ngebutho isicelo ngendlela. Umsebenzi owenziwa amandla isikhashana, kuyoba ulingana namandla. Ngakho, amandla - kuba ubuningi ngokomzimba, ilingana isilinganiso umsebenzi, kwenziwe isikhathi esithile ibutho elithile, kule nkathi yesikhathi.

Nokho, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi amandla ubizwa nangokuthi esilinganisweni amandla nesilinganiso. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuba acabangele isitatimende ithi leli gama kungenziwa ngokuthi futhi ushintsho of energy uhlelo oluthile (amandla lokuguqulwa).

Nakuba imigomo izincazelo ezinikezwe ngenhla ezihlobene amandla enkulu mechanical, lokhu bonke zingathola umqondo ezifana "namandla kagesi". Umkhiqizo voltage zamanje njalo sibizwa ngokuthi umthamo wamanje. Njengoba lo mqondo kuncike ngokulinganayo ku voltage kanye zamanje, kungashiwo ukuthi efanayo amandla kagesi etholwe njengoba lapho wamanje ezinkulu kanye voltage low futhi ngezinye voltages okusezingeni eliphezulu nemisinga ongaphakeme. Le mpahla siyisisekelo yokudlulisela amandla olude ngokusebenzisa izitshalo amandla, ezincane, Transformers (bakhulise uphinde wehlise), switchgear kanye nezinye zikagesi.

Amandla kagesi ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: esisheshayo futhi inkanuko. Active amandla - isici ukuguqulwa ugesi ku nezinye izinhlobo zamandla (ukushisa, ezinyakazayo, ukukhanya). Amandla kagesi ulinganiswa Watts (W). Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, lokhu amandla ngokuvamile kulinganiswa e kilowatts, futhi asetshenziswa izitshalo amandla esikhulu amayunithi emikhulu - megawatts.

Esisheshayo amandla kagesi ephawula umthwalo kagesi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene. Kuyinto elilingana umkhiqizo voltage iconsi yonkana yokusebenza yamanje futhi sine ye esigabeni shift engela (isigaba umehluko) phakathi iconsi wamanje kanye voltage. amandla esisheshayo ulinganiswa volt angu-amperes esisheshayo (var).

amandla asebenzayo kungenziwa kuhlotshaniswa amandla kagesi ngokusebenzisa umqondo ezifana "namandla isici" - umehluko esigabeni wamanje kanye voltage. Ngokuba iningi zikagesi zasendlini cosine kuyoba ecishe ilingane 0.8. Ukuze Ukushisa amadivayisi ngokuvamile eqinisweni yaphakamisa indlela eya ebunyeni.

Ayephila Ngayo Amandla kagesi idivayisi ekhethekile - imitha amandla. idivayisi okunjalo Windings ezimbili. Esokuqala wire obukhulu ehlangene abathengi kwamandla kagesi, futhi kuthola ushintsho ezidlula zamanje. Eyesibili emazombezombe siqukethe wire mncane futhi axhunyiwe parallel ukuze kuhlaliswe voltage. izitshalo Amandla ngokuvamile zisebenzisa into efana "efakwe amandla kagesi," okuyinto isamba le amakhono ukalwe kuzo zonke imishini kagesi ohlobo olulodwa kuphela noma uhlobo (isibonelo, Transformers, ugesi, izinjini).