Thyristor amandla Regulator: idayagramu wokusebenza isimiso futhi isicelo

Lesi sihloko sichaza indlela yokuqhuba umlamuli amandla thyristor, okuyinto isikimu zizonikezwa ngezansi

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke-ke ngokuvamile kakhulu ezidingekayo ukulawula amandla zikagesi, ezifana endzaweni lephephile, yensimbi nokunamathisela ngomthofu, boilers futhi heater, ezokuthutha - isivinini imoto, njll Usizo kuza elula radio amateur design - thyristor amandla Umlawuli ku. Hlanganani thuluzi akunzima, yilapho kungase idivayisi wokuqala ezenziwe ekhaya ukuthi bazocula ichopho lokushisa isilawuli umsebenzi nokunamathisela ngomthofu imfundamakhwela radio amateur. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi siphelile nokunamathisela ngomthofu esiteshini nge control lokushisa, kanye nezinye izici enhle ibiza kakhulu ngaphezu yensimbi elula nokunamathisela ngomthofu. Isethi ubuncane izingxenye ikuvumela ukwakha elula thyristor amandla Umlawuli ku-iphuzu wiring.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa, esinanyathiselwe ukufakwa - indlela ukuhlangana wezinto umsakazo-elekthronikhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isiliphu wesifunda ibhodi, futhi amakhono omuhle, kusheshe babuthane zobuchwepheshe yinkimbinkimbi ophansi.

Ungase futhi oda umklami thyristor isilawuli electronic, futhi kulabo abafuna ukuqonda wedwa, ngezansi idayagramu futhi zachazwa amaKristu isimiso wokusebenza.

Ububanzi thyristor nabalawuli

Phela, lokhu kuyinto eyodwa okhombisa amandla thyristor Regulator. idivayisi ezinjalo ingasetshenziswa ukulawula amandla noma inombolo linemibhikisho. Nokho, kufanele siqonde kuqala ukuthi isimiso okusebenzela kuyo thyristor, ngoba kuyosenza siqonde uhlobo umthwalo kungcono ukusebenzisa isilawuli.

SCR kanjani?

Thyristor - a elawulwa Semiconductor idivayisi olukwazi kokuqhuba zamanje kwelinye direction. Igama elithi "elawulwa" lisetshenziswa ingozi, ngoba nalo, ngokungafani kuya diode, okuyinto kuqukethe lamanje ukuze isigxobo eyodwa kuphela, ungakhetha isikhathi lapho thyristor iqala ekhaya azokuqhubela zamanje. I thyristor has ezikhumulweni ezintathu:

• Anode.
• Cathode.
• I electrode esangweni.

Ukuze wamanje ageleza ngokusebenzisa thyristor, izimo ezilandelayo kumele kwenziwe: into kumele ibe chain kwadambisa isimo esasishubile, le electrode control lunikezwe ishayela ngakanye. Ngokungafani Transistor, ukulawula thyristor akudingi nokugcinwa isignali control. Kulesi ehilelekile akuphelanga: i thyristor kungenziwa ivaliwe kuphela kokuphazamisa samanje ukuba umbonisi wesifunda noma ukwakha reverse voltage anode - cathode. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa thyristors e DC sicaciselwe kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ngobuwula, kodwa izifunda AC, isibonelo e idivayisi ezifana thyristor amandla Regulator, isifunda yakhiwa ngendlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimo Ukuvalwa. Ngamunye nenxenye amagagasi izovala thyristor okuhambisanayo.

Cishe ngeke baqonde konke? Ungalahli ithemba - sekuzokwenziwa wachaza ngokuningiliziwe inqubo ukusebenza idivayisi esiphelele.

Ububanzi thyristor nabalawuli

Kwezinye izifunda ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo a thyristor amandla Regulator? Isikimu ivumela esihle ulungise amandla bafudumale amadivayisi, okungukuthi, ukuze basebenze umthwalo resistive. Lapho besebenza imithwalo exhasa kakhulu thyristors kungenzeka umane kuvale, okungase kubangele umonakalo nomkhiqizo.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba ulungise ijubane injini?

Ngicabanga abafundi eziningi ziye zakubona noma kusetshenziswe sokuprakthiza, engela grinder, okuyinto edume ukubizwa ngokuthi "Abantu baseBulgaria", kanye namanye amathuluzi amandla. Kungenzeka uye waphawula ukuthi inombolo linemibhikisho kuxhomeke endleleni ngokujulile ucindezela idivayisi inkinobho-trigger. Lapha kule isici nje enjalo thyristor okuhlangene amandla Regulator (scheme aboniswe ngezansi), nge lapho ushintsho inombolo linemibhikisho.

Nakani! Thyristor Awukwazi ukushintsha motors isivinini lokungeniswa. Ngakho, lo voltage ngalendoda is kushintshwe izinjini ahlome ibhulashi iyunithi.

Ukushayela thyristor amandla Umlawuli kwenye ezimbili thyristors

uhlelo yoqobo ukuqoqa amandla thyristor ngezandla zabo okuboniswe kulo mdwebo ongezansi.

I voltage okukhiphayo kusukela kule besifunda volts 15 kuya 215 esimweni thyristors wathi ogibele ukushisa nokucwila, amandla imayelana 1 kW. Indlela inkinobho nge ukukhanya dimmer senziwa kohlelo ezinjalo.

Uma awudingi voltage isiqondiso egcwele futhi uthole okukhipha ngokwanele kusuka volts 110 220, usebenzise lesi umdwebo ubonisa ukuthi isigamu-wave amandla thyristor Umlawuli ku.

Isebenza kanjani?

Imininingwane ezichazwe ngezansi isebenza izifunda kakhulu. Incwadi abizwa iyothathwa ngokuvumelana uhlelo lokuqala thyristor isilawuli

Thyristor amandla Regulator, isimiso ogxile ukulawula isigaba voltage value izinguquko namandla. Lomgomo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ezimweni ezijwayelekile umthwalo i zamanje kushintshana kusukela inethiwekhi yasendlini, okuyinto kuyahlukahluka sinusoidally. Ngenhla encazelweni isimiso yokusebenza the thyristor, kwakuthiwa idivayisi ngamunye usebenza kwelinye direction, ukuthi iphethwe yi- yayo uhhafu-negagasi wave sine. Kusho ukuthini?

Uma kuyoba aphansi ngoba voltage ka (inani ngempumelelo, okuyinto "uthola" umthwalo) ingaphansi inethiwekhi nge thyristor ngezikhathi yokuxhuma umthwalo ngomzuzwana kahle ichazwe, RMS voltage value. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa siboniswe igrafu.

Le ndawo ukubopha - lena indawo nokushuba ubonakele ngaphansi komthwalo. Le ncwadi "a" ku-eksisi evundla lisho kuvulwa thyristor. Lapho omuhle isigamu-wave ekupheleni futhi baqala esikhathini nge negative isigamu-wave, omunye thyristors ivaliwe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ivula thyristor yesibili.

Ake baqonde okusebenza ngayo ncamashi thyristor yethu amandla Regulator

uhlelo lokuqala

Nquma kusengaphambili ukuthi amazwi "omuhle" futhi "omubi" ukuze kusetshenziswe "owokuqala" nelithi "yesibili" (halfwave).

Ngakho, lapho iqhinga lethu kuyokwenzeka kuqala isigamu-wave, uqale ukushaja umthamo C1 no C2. Izinga kwenkokhiso ukhawulelwe potentiometer-R5. elementi esebenzayo variable, futhi ulisebenzise ukuze usethe i-voltage okukhiphayo. Lapho C1 capacitor livela ezidingekile kokuvula dynistor VS3 voltage dynistor ivuleka, zamanje ageleza therethrough, okuyothi ivuliwe thyristor VS1. Okwamanje ukuwohloka dynistor iphuzu "a" igrafu okwethulwa isigaba odlule kwalesi sihloko. Lapho voltage sidlula zero kanye wesifunda ingaphansi yesibili uhhafu wave le VS1 thyristor kuyinto avaliwe futhi inqubo iyaphindwa futhi, kuphela dynistor yesibili, thyristor futhi epholisayo. Resistors R3 no-R3 asetshenziselwa ukulawula umkhawulo samanje, futhi R1-R2 - I-ezishisayo kuqiniswa wesifunda.

Umgomo we operation kuyafana isikimu sesibili, kodwa uya kuphela ukuphathwa omunye uhhafu-amaza voltage kushintshana. Manje, ngokwazi isimiso kanye scheme, ungakwazi babuthane noma ukulungisa amandla thyristor ngezandla zabo.

Ukusetshenziswa umlamuli ekhaya nokuphepha

Asinakusho ukuthi leli cebo alinikezi ngabodwa kukagesi kusukela amapayipi, ngakho kukhona ingozi yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele uthinte ezandleni ukulawula cruise. Kumelwe usebenzise icala ekhishwe inyumbazane. Kuyadingeka ukuba aklame lesi sakhiwo idivayisi yakho ukuze noma nini uma kungenzeka ungase ulifihle e idivayisi elawulwa, ukuthola isihlalo elingenalutho izindlu. Uma idivayisi elawulwa kuyinto umile ke ngokuvamile kunengqondo ixhume nge inkinobho ukulawula ukukhanya ukukhanya. Le isixazululo kancane ukuvikela kusuka ukushaqeka kagesi, uyoqeda isidingo sokuthola indawo efanele yokuhlala, kukhona i ukubukeka ekhangayo futhi akhiwe indlela yezimboni.