Barberry Amur: incazelo grade nezithombe

Amur Barberry - kuyinto esiyize we Berberidaceae umndeni, omunye zezintaka Barberry. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi lokhu isitshalo. Incazelo kanye isithombe Amur Barberry okukulesi sihloko.

Area yokusabalalisa

Endle, lase-Amur Barberry likhula Territory Primorsky kanye ingxenye eseningizimu ye-eKhabarovsk Territory, engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-China, Korea, ngokwengxenye eJapane. Igama kwakubangelwa incazelo lesigodi Amur River.

It ukhetha lezihlahla, uphayini ezibanzi enezicabha namahlathi yemisedari * nomthidari, ihlathi imiphetho, amabhange yemifula entabeni, umfula masimu, nezihlahla, nemithambeka ezomile ezinamadwala gravelly. Kakhulu uyakuthanda inhlabathi humus-ocebile. amahlozi Obuqand Barberry ikhula.

Lesi sitshalo kukodwa ebusika-eziqinile, nesomiso ukumelana nokushisa nemithi, ngakho abalimi sihlakulele ngempumelelo ke kulo lonke elaseRussia.

Barberry Amur: incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Barberry kuyinto ameva subramose. ukuphakama kwakhe - 3.5 amamitha. Shrub nge iqonde, kancane branched, yimani niqonde futhi amagatsha iwe ukuthi ukushintsha umbala kusuka yellow grey ribbed.

Izinso kusukela Amur Barberry obomvu noma umbala onsundu, ubude 1.5 mm, ostrenkie. Amahlamvu ezibekwe eduze, leaf ukuma - okweqanda noma obovate, ishidi obuphelele - 12 cm ububanzi - 5 cm leWebhu eshiya ngokwabo, emaphethelweni -. Kolyuchezubchatye fake. Leaf umbala kuhluka matt ukukhanya green ezinsomi, ezibomvu amnyama. Amaqabunga sikhule ikakhulukazi amahlumela iDemo ngemishayo.

I ameva we Barberry Amur aphuzi ngokuvamile ezinyunyana, ukufinyelela ubude 3 cm. Engu-One sezinyawo Kuphendula ngokuvamile aba 4-5 noma 7 ameva ahlukene cylindrical noma ukuma flat futhi uqweqwe.

I inflorescences babe racemiform ehlathini ubude - kuze kufinyelele 10 cm, kule inflorescence kusuka izimbali 10 kuya 25. Izimbali ngokwabo elenga umoba eside (1 cm), umbala - ukuphaphatheka ophuzi, iphunga eqinile kuhluke. sepals eziyisithupha obovate. Amacembe kanye stamens nesithupha. Izimbali izihlahlana Amur Barberry e noJuni, isikhathi izimbali - kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-20.

Amajikijolo e Barberry kukhona dryish, i ijamo ellipsoidal, ubude mayelana 1 cm, umbala - okukhanyayo, ukunambitheka omuncu. Imbewu ovoid isesimweni, 4-5 mm ubude. 1 kg has mayelana 6200 izithelo. Isikhathi fruiting shrub - Agasti-Okthoba.

Kufinyeta incazelo Barberry Amur, singasho ukuthi namuhla lesi sitshalo zithandwa kakhulu. Ngenxa enhle ukuma izihlahlana amaqabunga amakhulu, izimbali eziningi fruiting Kunconywa kokubili zokutshala olulodwa futhi iqembu, kanye Hedges.

billet

Amur Barberry ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. Ukuvuna amaqabunga, izithelo, amagxolo nezimpande zalesi sihlahla.

Leaf Ukuvuna kuthatha indawo noJuni, lapho imiqumbe Barberry. Amahlamvu kungenziwa wasika nge sikelo noma ikhefu. Babe omisiwe, ebeka ephepheni noma indwangu endaweni umoya (egunjini eliphezulu ophahleni noma ngaphansi kombhede). Ngemva amahlamvu esomile, zingabantu oluhlaza amnyama ngenhla futhi oluhlaza ukukhanya ngaphansi. Bona umncane, ziyaqothuka, curled, ne iphunga eyinqaba futhi ukunambitheka ene-asidi kancane. Ifanele ukugcina ezomile, endaweni kahle umoya. Amahlamvu zigcinwa, ngokuvamile eminyakeni 1-1.5.

izimpande Ukuvuna senzeka ekwindla (October-November) futhi entwasahlobo (April). Badinga ukumba nge lokwela, nivuthulule phansi, uyonquma izimpande amancane, futhi emoyeni elomile. Zigeze akudingekile ukuba alondoloze izindawo zokwelapha. izimpande ezomile kufanele usike ngu 1.5-2 cm, futhi ome kahle. Ngenxa yalesi kufanelekile njengoba umjondolo noma elisophahleni futhi dryer noma kuhhavini. izimpande omisiwe kahle abe imigqa longitudinal, ngaphakathi Ingaphandle lemon-ophuzi - brown, ne iphunga okuncane kanye ukunambitheka ababayo.

Ngokugcwele uhlelo impande ehlathini alisetshenziswa, bavame ukuhamba Isiqu 10-15 cm. Izimpande abajonqile (ububanzi kuka 6 cm) isetshenziswa kuphela esincane amagxolo core.

Izimpande omisiwe Agcwele izikhwama futhi agcinwe kuze iminyaka 3.

amagxolo billet kwenzeka entwasahlobo (April-May), lapho ukugeleza ubisi luqala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amagatsha efanelekayo abasha kuphela, okuyinto ohlehliswe emhlabeni ububanzi 10-15 cm, bese usika lengthwise bese ususe uqweqwe. Kufanele futhi iyoma njengoba izimpande. Lapho omisiwe amagxolo ifana tube ne anemifantu noma ukhuni izinsalela phezu kwangaphakathi. Umbala amagxolo omisiwe aphuzi grey ngaphakathi grey noma sinombala-yellow ngaphandle, nge ongaphakeme nephunga ethize futhi ukunambitheka okumunyu. It zingagcinwa kuze iminyaka 3.

izithelo Qoqa kwenzeka emva nokuvuthwa yabo egcwele ku kwekwindla, abantu bayoba nini frost kuqala. Omiswe kungaba elangeni, ngaphansi kombhede noma kuhhavini.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye izakhiwo kwemithi

Barberry Amur alkaloids ocebile, berberine, palmitin et al. Amagxolo nezimpande berberine ocebile, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, ukushuka, umbala kanye izinto okhipha inhlaka.

izithelo Barberry abacebile ushukela, carotene, vitamin K, ascorbic, citric, tartaric, malic acid, alkaloids, tannin, pectin, umbala izinto, nosawoti wamaminerali. Amahlamvu abacebile tannins, izinto anenhlaka, amafutha abalulekile, uvithamini C, malic acid, carotene, filohinonom.

Ngo amalungiselelo Barberry ukuvuvukala, choleretic, isisu, elwa namagciwane, astringent, hemostatic futhi izakhiwo isinqandakuvunda. Nge engenayo ye berberine Barberry kunciphisa umfutho wegazi, ugaye tachycardia kancane, ukwandisa ukugeleza Bile.

Amur Barberry kabanzi kusetshenziswa imithi. Baphatha isifo sesibindi esingelapheki kubantu futhi nenyongo sesinye, isilonda esiswini kanye nezilonda duodenal, ukuvuvukala engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula kanye nesifo sofuba. Nge Barberry sohudo belashwa, uhudo, isifuba somoya. Tincture Barberry ayeke lesizalo ukopha esikhathini kwangemva kokubeletha.

Ukutshala kanye Ukunakekela

Amur Barberry akuyona ngikhetha mayelana inhlabathi, akesabi imimoya enamandla, uyazibekezelela nesomiso, akathandi amanzi kuphela. isitshalo Photophilous, kodwa luyokhula kahle ethunzini esinqunyiwe. Kulokhu kukhona isici esisodwa kuphela: uma sezihlahla zikhule elangeni eliza ngqo, umbala amahlamvu ligcwele onsomi; kusukela ezihlabayo ezikhulayo umthunzi ngokwengxenye, amahlamvu kuyoba luhlaza samanje.

Ngesikhathi engakashadi zokutshala ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele kube cishe 1,5-2 imitha. Ukwenza uthango ezikhulayo ngokukhululekile, watshala ezimbili ehlathini of Barberry ku 1 imitha. Uma udinga uthango obukhulu, ehlathini 4 kuya ku-1 imitha.

Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle esidi ngendlela ezimele, nakuba ethanda hlangothi.

Ingxube Inhlabathi zaziyigolide, zilungisiwe okutshalwe ingadi umhlabathi, humus nesihlabathi ngezabelo alinganayo. Uma inhlabathi namanje omuncu, kutuswa ukuba afeze liming.

Okuphakelayo simila kungaba ngonyaka wesibili emva zokutshala. Entwasahlobo kwenziwa ngosizo nitrogen fertilizer. Ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ukondla 1 njalo eminyakeni 3 kukamanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi ne izakhi mkhondo. Barberry bazithela 1 isikhathi ngesonto. Lesi sitshalo futhi uthanda Ukuhlakula ukhula njalo futhi hoeing.

Bamba yonyaka izihlahla Barberry - ukususa ababuthakathaka, amahlumela kabi athuthukile. Spring sezihlahla ezindala efiselekayo phandle elincanyana. Ekubumbeni Hedges, izihlahla Kwenziwa ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala, wayinquma cishe ingxenye ye zasemoyeni ingxenye. Ngemva lokhu kunqunywa kwamagatsha Kwenziwa 2 izikhathi ngonyaka: ngo-June futhi ngo-August.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Amur Barberry kuthintwa izinambuzane ezilandelayo:

1. Barberry aphid - ne amaqabunga zabo ziyabuna wome. Kuyasiza ukuqeda isixazululo insipho (300 gr. Soap ibhakede lamanzi). Wafutha entwasahlobo.
2. Imbali inundu - la amacimbi udle away izithelo. Kuyasiza ayibulale, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) noma "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Sezifo ingashiwo powdery isikhutha. It is obonakala njengenhlangano enamathela powdery amaqabunga, amahlumela nezithelo.

Lahla kuyasiza isixazululo colloidal nesibabule (0.5%), i-sulphur-lime-sulphur ingxube noma lime umhluzi. Okokuqala wafutha lapho yokuqhuma ushiya bese njalo emavikini 2-3. Ngenxa yokushushiswa kabuhlungu amahlumela onegciwane kufanele zisuswe bese ishiswa.

Barberry nokugqwala kuleli kilasi kuthintwa esingaphansi nezinye izinhlobo Barberry.

Lokusakaza futhi ukutshalwa Barberry Amur

izitshalo okusakazwa sokuhlukanisa ehlathini, izimpande, cuttings kanye imbewu. Nge ngowokuqala zonke ecacile, cabanga Barberry Amur ezikhula imbewu.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, bathambekele iwe. Asanda sisebenze ekuvuneni izithelo ucindezele, zivundulula ngesihlungo, kugeze futhi kancane eyomile.

kwezitshalo ngokwayo wenziwa imisele pre-ezilungiselelwe ngesikhathi engekho ngaphezu kuka-1 cm nenhlabathi ejulile yokutshala Amur Barberry kufanele kube okuxekethile futhi evundile, futhi endaweni -. ovulekile futhi okwanele. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izinhlanzi imbewu ziqhume kanyekanye. Lapho kuyakuba khona ababili leaf Okuyınqo, izithombo kudingeka mncane out, kusale phakathi kwabo ibanga 3 cm. Emva kwalokho, akukuhle ukufakela izithombo, zitshala kungenzeka emva kweminyaka emibili.

Ukusebenzisa Barberry

Ukusebenzisa Barberry Amur enezici. Ngaphandle izakhiwo zalo wezokwelapha Barberry ezihlabayo yakha Hedges kanye curbs. Lezi nezihlahla izimo omuhle kakhulu eRussia emaphakathi. Uthango kulo bayizinkulungwane njengomuzi ongangeneki. Abakwazi kalula usike, okwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo sezihlahla. Barberry kufanelekile soliternyh, futhi iqembu betshala ukutshalwa rock izingadi futhi njengoba cover emhlabathini.

izinhlobo

Izinhlobonhlobo athandwa kakhulu Barberry Amur - kuyinto Orpheus futhi japonica.

Orpheus - kwezihlahla compact usayizi encane. amahlamvu yakhe elikhanyayo futhi akangeni eziqhakaza.

Japonica ibe namaqabunga abanzi futhi inflorescence ophuzi eside, alengayo ngesimo ibhulashi. Ngenxa yalesi simila kuyinto enhle kakhulu.