Ibhizinisi, Ezolimo
Bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda nedada. bayashintshana ekufukameleni Imodi: etafuleni. amaqanda Ithemu bayashintshana ekufukameleni duck
Ngamunye zezinyoni bayashintshana ekufukameleni yabo nezikhathi. Isici sokuqala ukuthi kuthinta ke - uhlobo izinyoni: Waterfowl noma umhlaba. amaqanda Duck futhi inkukhu azigcini nje ngokuhluka isisindo kodwa futhi ukushuba we igobolondo, ngakho kuyo yonke uhlobo izimo ezikhethekile Kumelwe zidalwe. Uthatha cishe inyanga bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda nedada. Mode bayashintshana ekufukameleni (Ithebula kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) kumele ngokuqinile waphawula kwamaphuphu enempilo.
iqoqo amaqanda
Ukuqoqa amaqanda for bayashintshana ekufukameleni, kabili ngosuku. Ezinye izinhlobo amadada bazalwa ebusuku, abanye - ntambama. Efukamela amaqanda duck ekhaya ukhethe kuphela Iqanda elicwengekileyo ngaphandle inkinga. Nakuba kukhona inani elidingekayo ukuze ibhukumaka, udinga ukuqinisekisa isitoreji efanele. Amaqanda kufanele ibe lokushisa elomile ongaphakeme (mayelana 15-18 degrees). Lapho ukugcina nomswakama eqoshiwe - 70-80%.
Ukuze uthole amadada enempilo kudingeka sazi ukuthi singaphila kanjani ukugcina bayashintshana ekufukameleni duck amaqanda. Amaphesenti hatchability akazange awe, lo amaqanda kumele ibekwe blunt bagcina. Uma uvula it, uzochitheka egumbini emoyeni (it is etholakala ekupheleni blunt) kanye Duckling ku ukuhoxiswa kungaba ucishe. Uma iqanda lilondolozwe ezinsikeni zawo, kumelwe kuvulwe okungenani kabili ngosuku.
Ukugcinwa ongqi hatchability
Ngo eside isitoreji amaqanda kakhulu ziyancipha iphesenti hatchability. Ake sibheke ukuthi yini umthelela isitoreji amaqanda for bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi.
amaqanda for bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi isitoreji (izinsuku) | I hatchability iphesenti (%) |
5 | 85 |
10 | 80 |
15 | 73 |
20 | 45 |
25 | 6 |
amaqanda Duck ziqoqwa ngoba ayisekho kuka izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. isitoreji okwalandela kuzonciphisa iphesenti hatchability.
Ukukhethwa amaqanda
Bayashintshana ekufukameleni at amaqanda ikhaya duck iqala kuphela ngemva izinto ezidingekayo izokhetheka. Ngokuvamile ngaphambi laying amaqanda ngalinye esikhanyayo ku candling. Phakathi nale nqubo, zezinhlobo bachazwa nge microcracks, engalingani igobolondo ukujiya, namabala amnyama ngaphakathi nge isikhuphasha spillage. amasampula okunjalo ziyasuswa.
Kahle kahle, amaqanda bayashintshana ekufukameleni kumele kube kanje:
- Indawo isikhuphasha kumele kube ngokuqinile phakathi. Nokho, uvunyelwe bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda nge ngeziphambeko ezincane.
- Amaphrotheni kumele kucaciswe, kungekho amnyama.
- Ikamelo air kumele zibekwe ekupheleni blunt noma eduze naso. Akufanele kube ezinkulu.
Uma usukulungele oveskopirovaniya ithebhu efukamela amaqanda nedada.
Ukubeka amaqanda ku incubator
Ukuze uthole eqinile, amadada enempilo kudingeka amaqanda ngendlela efanele. Kuyinto ukuphela abukhali phansi ummango okuncane. Amaqanda musk duck ahlelwe nendawo. amaqanda Ithemu bayashintshana ekufukameleni duck incike zohlobo izinkukhu - kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-23 kuya ku-28.
Uzokutshela ukuthi ukwenza etafuleni bayashintshana ekufukameleni imodi. Bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck kwenziwe nge ukwehla kancane kancane izinga lokushisa kanye izinguquko amazinga nomswakama phakathi nayo yonke inkathi.
Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni | izinsuku bayashintshana ekufukameleni | amaqanda ujike (kanye ngosuku) | Ukupholisa | nomswakama ezingeni (%) | Izinga lokushisa (C) |
1 | Kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-7 | 4-5 | Ayikho | 70-75 | 38,2-38,5 |
2 | Kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya ku-14 | 5-6 | Ayikho | 60-65 | 38-38,2 |
3 | Kusukela 15 kuya 25 | 5-6 | Ekuseni nakusihlwa imizuzu engu-15 | 60-65 | 37,8-38 |
4 | Kusukela 26 kuya 28 | Ayikho | Ayikho | 85-90 | 37,5-37,8 |
Imishini ezahlukene ku notshwala ezahlukene kuyasizana ekufukameleni amaqanda nedada. Mode bayashintshana ekufukameleni (lelingenhla) sikhombisa lokushisa elikhulu onobuhle ezahlukene idivayisi.
sishaye
Phakathi excretion kwenzeka amadada umswakama ukuhwamuka kusuka iqanda ngokusebenzisa ikhule ezimbotsheni igobolondo. I asondeze okukhipha umnqamulajuqu, aba maningi ngaphandle umswakama. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukulahleka umswakama ngaphakathi iqanda ku-embryo wafa. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ukusebenzisa izifutho. Phakathi nale nqubo, kukhona indlu futhi humidification. Sishaye ukwenza amanzi afudumele kusukela Sprinkler. Le nqubo kuyadingeka ukuze uzitholele umswakama ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ihlala kuze amaqanda nedada. Ithebula bayashintshana ekufukameleni umbuso akudingeki ukubonisa izifutho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanye amadivayisi angaba ayinyuse nomswakama ku-95% futhi ngiqhuba Ukupholisa efanele (iyindawo zezimboni eyenzelwe amaqanda ayizinkulungwane isibekisombhalo). Bona Ukubandisa wenziwa mode othomathikhi.
Ukuze sishaye amaqanda at ukusetshenziswa ekhaya kulungele amanzi ahlanzekile. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa isixazululo ezibuthakathaka potassium permanganate. Sishaye Kwenziwa kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa ngesikhathi angabiki.
nokususa izici amadada
Zonke isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck kuyadingeka ukuqapha lokushisa amaqanda. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze baqonde indlela ngokulinganayo sekuqala ukufudumala amaqanda ngaphakathi setter. Ukukala izinga lokushisa phezu iqanda kuyinto thermometer. Amazinga kushintsha njalo. Emavikini okuqala amabili isifinyelele degrees 38. Ngesonto elilandelayo - ukuze 38.5 degrees, futhi ezinsukwini zokugcina - ifinyelela 39. Phakathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngenxa ukudluliswa ukushisa imibungu. Ukuze overheat amaqanda, izinga lokushisa kule iKhabhinethi kuyehla.
imithetho eyisisekelo bayashintshana ekufukameleni
Ukuze kuzuzwe okukhipha esiphezulu, kubalulekile ukuba athobele imithetho kuyasizana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck:
- Kahle ukuqoqa futhi amaqanda esitolo.
- Bagcine imodi bayashintshana ekufukameleni.
- Ngokuphumelelayo kwadambisa amaqanda.
- Ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka imishini.
Ukuze uthole inzalo enhle, kubalulekile ukulandela isimiso kuyasizana ekufukameleni amaqanda nedada kanye ne ukuqapha inqubo phakathi nayo yonke inkathi lokuhoxa.
Bayashintshana ekufukameleni of izinhlobo ezahlukene amadada
Bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck thulisa nezinye zinhlobo duck kwenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa ubukhulu amaqanda, umehluko ukushuba we igobolondo, nobuntu zohlobo. Ngokwesibonelo, lo duck-abagijimi kungaba okuphumayo ngaphandle sishaye. Sinenkosi ngempela ukuba ingxenye enkulu hatchability. Ngo mulard iphesenti hatchability ngezansi. Okuningi ngokunembile ukunquma ukuthi iphesenti izobonisa usizo thebula libonisa ukuthi ubuhlobo zokuphila Nzalo amaqanda eshalofini.
Iqanda isitoreji leso sikhathi (izinsuku) | mulard | Indoutki |
5 | 92 | 99 |
10 | 80 | 95 |
15 | 70 | 90 |
20 | 20 | 80 |
25 | 15 | 70 |
dweba Indoutki ezinsukwini 28. Peking duck uboniswa cishe 26 izinsuku. Indlela esheshayo abagijimi okukhipha - by izinsuku 24. amadada Muscovy amabhu izinsuku 35 kuphela.
Bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaqanda duck i incubator, "Cinderella" kanye nezinye onobuhle yalesi imishini siphela Cishe efanayo. Okuwukuphela umehluko ukulawulwa lokushisa. Kumele abathile ngemodeli ngayinye. Kungcono ukucacisa lokushisa amalahle amaqanda ngokwabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka lokushisa phezu neqanda ukulandela izinkomba zayo. Le ndlela kuyasiza ukwazi ngokuthe ngqó ukuthi zingaki degrees izinga lokushisa kufanele ibe izinzwa. Yonke idatha Kunconywa ukubhala.
bayashintshana ekufukameleni esiteji
Lapho ukuzalela duck ikhaya eqoshiwe bayashintshana ekufukameleni isinyathelo. Eyokuqala iqala okwamanje lapho kwenzeka ukuzalanisa iqanda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcina drake ipulazi. Ngokuvamile yenkukhu bakha umndeni, ehlanganisa eyodwa drake kanye amadada ezine.
Isinyathelo sokuqala inqubo ukukhethwa amaqanda ukuchamisela futhi phezu kwesisekelo sabo ekamelweni. Kusukela ngosuku lokuqala bayashintshana ekufukameleni, esigabeni sesibili iqala. Ngalesi sikhathi e-embryo akhiwa izitho zangaphakathi, inhliziyo iqala ukushaya. By endleleni, lapho oveskopirovanii esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kuyabonakala. Uma ubuka eduze, lubonakale njengoba inhliziyo ishaya. Phakathi nale nkathi, kufanele unikele amaqanda ezinhle gaphambi.
Isigaba sesithathu iqala kusukela osukwini lwesishiyagalombili of bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Phakathi nale nkathi, amaphuphu izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka lwamathambo. Ngalesi sikhathi, iKhabhinethi kumelwe wenze eningi-mpilo. Ngokuvamile kakade ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili e incubator ukuvula izimbobo ukupholisa ezengeziwe.
Ngosuku nesishiyagalombili esigabeni sesine iqala. Iza sithuthukiswe ukudluliswa ukushisa ngaphakathi iqanda. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukuqapha lokushisa amaqanda, ngoba ongafinyelela 41 degrees. Ukuze ugweme okweqile e iKhabhinethi aphansi lokushisa, ngokuqhubeka ukulawula izinga lokushisa phezu amaqanda.
Isigaba sokugcina - esiphethweni. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-amadada kuyinto igobolondo obukhulu kakhulu. Ukuthambisa ke, kubalulekile ukuba sinciphise izinga lokushisa kuhhavini futhi ukwandisa nomswakama. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuzoba lula amadada dweba bese ukhetha kusuka kumasistimu asebenzayo.
amaqanda duck bayashintshana ekufukameleni amaphutha
Efukamela amaqanda amadada akulula ngendlela okungase kubonakale ngayo efika kuqala. Kufika singase sibhekane izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Ukuze uthole enempilo, inzalo enamandla, udinga indlela olunzulu hhayi kuphela inqubo kokukhipha amadada, kodwa futhi ezidinga ukutholelwa ukudla, kanye okuqukethwe zizalela nezinkomo:
- Umhlambi zizalela kufanele kube nedada. Ukuze izilwane zizalela akhethiwe, okuyinto ayithinteki ezintweni ezingezinhle. Uma isizwe wabonakala duck yimuphi kusimo, impilo ebuthaka, kulahliwe wakhe.
- Amaqanda for bayashintshana ekufukameleni Bavunwa Februwari kuya ku-April. Konke kuvuna kamuva for zizalela amadada ungayisebenzisi.
- Uma yokudla engalungile izinyoni eyisithunjwa achanyuselwa siyinzalo nge sengozini ahlukahlukene, pathologies kwezitho zangaphakathi.
- Ukushisa, hypothermia kanye subcooling amaqanda musky siholela ekufeni okusheshayo umbungu.
- Phakathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, kubalulekile ukuqapha ezingeni nomswakama. Ngezinye umswakama high amadada afe kwi-amniotic fluid, behluleka amabhu.
Futhi ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ezingase ziphakame nezinye izinkinga. Ezinye zazo zichazwe kuleli thebula elingezansi.
kuphula umthetho we | izizathu |
Ngezinye candling ungabona ibala elikhanyayo. Iqanda ngobugebengu ebonakalayo eziphambili lwegciwane disc, akukho igazi. Avundiswa amaqanda, kodwa ngaphandle umbungu. | Ukugcina imbewu isikhathi eside amaqanda. lokushisa isitoreji Ukwephulwa. Ngokuzalanisa umhlambi uyagula. amaqanda elinegciwane. Okweqile e kusaqalwa bayashintshana ekufukameleni. |
Umbungu emhlabeni ngesonto lokuqala bayashintshana ekufukameleni. | Ukwephulwa kwe-ngenxa okweqile ezinsukwini lokuqala bayashintshana ekufukameleni, okungafanele kokuphenduka emathileyi. Mhlawumbe iqanda elidala. |
Umbungu emhlabeni ngesonto of bayashintshana ekufukameleni yesibili. | nomswakama okuphansi ekamelweni. Ukutheleleka. Ufuzo. umfuyi Beriberi. |
sengozini Double, esikhulu emoyeni ekamelweni. | Ukugcina imbewu isikhathi eside amaqanda. Amaqanda yiqhwa zaqina. Ukwephula amaqanda Ukukhetha (ezingcolile kakhulu, ukuma engaphumi). Ukwephula ethutha amaqanda. |
Ayikho nakleva. Awathandi isikhwama nenyongo. | amasu okugumbuqela imibuso engalungile amaqanda. nomswakama eNkulu incubator. Underheating amaqanda phakathi ukuchamisela. Ukupholisa eqinile. Pathology yokuzalanisa izilwane. Inkulu kakhulu lokushisa ngo iKhabhinethi. |
Kube PP. Umbungu isibulewe, Angikwazanga ukuphuma. | nomswakama okuphansi. lokushisa okuphansi ngesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme phakathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Pathology yokuzalanisa izilwane. Ukwephula ukupholisa. |
PIP, isikhwama nenyongo is esingakaze sidonse, iprotheni obukhulu njengoba yayinjalo. | okweqile isikhathi eside. nomswakama eNkulu iKhabhinethi phakathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni. Ukwephula bayashintshana ekufukameleni imodi. |
amadada
amadada achanyuselwa ku Hatcher ukuthatha emva kokuba wawusomile. Basuke ezibekwe ebhokisini (Bruder) lapho kukhona isamba elanele ukukhanya. Amazinga Igumbi kufanele kube 23-25 degrees. amadada Daily nesisindo mayelana 60 amagremu. Isisindo ngqo kuncike zilwane kanye amadada. Manje cabanga ratio Iqanda isisindo Babukeka babahle kepha mine nsuku zonke.
Egg isisindo (g) | Isisindo Babukeka babahle kepha mine nsuku zonke (amagremu) |
70 | 50 |
|
80 | 55 |
90 | 65 |
100 | 75 |
Ukuhambisana imithetho ukuqoqwa amaqanda neqanda isitoreji, imodi bayashintshana ekufukameleni sizonikeza Nzalo esiphezulu.
Nge efanele yokudla amadada kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu akazange zihlukile abadala. Ezinye izinhlobo abavuthiwe izinyanga ezimbili. amadada Adult ziqala ukuzalela amaqanda nge izinyanga 4.5-6, kuye zohlobo.
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