Belbek emfuleni eCrimea: incazelo, izithombe

ENingizimu-ntshonalanga ye eCrimea idume emfuleni Belbek. Yena kufanele unesiqu esithi kokusakaza kakhulu esilazayo-egcwele yonke le nhlonhlo. Belbek River kuvela kwi main Ukhahlamba eCrimea. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi amanzi Karst iziphethu ukunikeza amandla wamanzi. Ake sihlolisise at izici zayo.

hydronym

I Turkic igama ulimi emfuleni kusho "oluqinile noma eqinile emuva." Kungani kukhona izinhlangano ezifana? Belbek ngempela bafanelwe isiqu esinjalo. Futhi zonke ngoba esikhathini ochithekile yayo iba sesifufula nge zamanje eqinile kanye like ngemuva elisusa izihlahla idabukile siphuma emhlabeni nge impande yawo. Futhi emfuleni Belbek eCrimea has elinye igama - Kabarta, okusho "kufuthwe" noma "evuvukele". Usosayensi P. S. uPallas utshela legend echaza ukuvela endaweni yegama ukuthi, e sifinyelela ongenhla wamanzi okuthiwa wahlala Kabardians. Kodwa kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho. Angaba uthi, okunengqondo odlule nakakhulu, sisho ukuthi "inhloko ndima ewumngcingo entabeni."

Ikakhulukazi sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni

Sifinyelela ongenhla Belbek zitholakala emithambekeni YaseCrimea Ukhahlamba, ngokunembile, enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Lapha, kwakheka siteshi ngasemifudlaneni ezimbili: Ozenbash futhi Managotra. Lena real emifuleni entabeni, okuyizinto zezifufula. Kunalokho ewumngcingo, bona masishane ukuthwala amanzi abo phakathi kwemithambeka enamadwala. River Belbeck kuze kube ngomzuzu uqala ukugeleza phakathi lamagquma main futhi kwangaphakathi YaseCrimea Izintaba, selivela komhosha ejwayelekile nge zamanje okusheshayo. Budebuduze emzaneni Golubinka siteshi kakhulu anda, lokulandisa amamitha mayelana 40-50 ububanzi. Belbeck iba iyincane ngesinyathelo empambana lamagquma Inner zezintaba. Lapha emfuleni uyaziqhenya yakha isidleke saleso ubuhle obukhulu bomthombo Belbeksky canyon.

incazelo esigodini

River Valley endaweni encane elingamamitha angaba ngu-300 ububanzi. Ukujula lapha ifinyelela 160 m. Ohlangothini lwesokunene nesigodi emfuleni, abavubukuli, ososayensi bathola 2 sivale indlela engena emgedeni, esanikwa isikhulu igama Syuyuren-mina Syuyuren-II. Kulezi emihumeni wathola yokupaka Cro-magnon abantu ngasekupheleni Paleolithic. Lezi ndawo babehilelekile ukuzingela, ukuhlangana nokudoba. La maqiniso ziqinisekiswa izinsalela ahlukahlukene namathambo abamele zasemanzini wathola ngenkathi uhlola indawo.

Kusukela 1969 Belbeksky canyon hlonishwa njengomphakathi lesikhumbuzo bemvelo iba ngenye yezindawo ezikhanga kakhulu adalwe nemvelo. emfuleni isigodi siba banzi khona kuphela maqondana kolwandle.

Izimpawu komfula sifinyelela aphansi

Esikhathini sifinyelela engezansi emfuleni Onqobayo emigodini global ngobumba, ukuze kubambezela amanzi alo.

Njengoba le nhlonhlo likwazi ukufinyelela ezilwandle ezimbili, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu, lapho umfula uthululela ku Belbek? ECrimea ukusakaza angaba kiso imicengezi ezimbili: Sea of Azov futhi oLwandle Olumnyama. Estuary Belbek Lyubimovka iseduze edolobhaneni, amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka le Sevastopol bay. Lapha kulapho emfuleni uyothela oLwandle Olumnyama. Umbhede komzimba amanzi kule ndawo zifana udonga. Ngo ububanzi ifinyelela 25-30 amamitha.

Ngo-1980 Belbek ithrekhi lahlukaniswa. Lokhu kwakubangelwa yokuthi emfuleni ngokuvamile kuyachichima. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ochithekile babé ukungasebenzisi, futhi okwamanje kukhona amanzi kuphela esigodini esisodwa.

Nemingenela lomfula Belbek

I inflow elikhulu Belbek ubizwe Kokkozka wamanzi. Ubude ke imayelana 18 km. Kanye nemingenela yayo ezibhekwa Auzun emfuleni Uzen futhi Sary-Su. Ugijimela kuqala phakathi kweMount Boyko ne-Ayi-Petri Yayla. Le ndawo ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi Grand Canyon. Sary-Su itholakala emqhokrweni, okuyinto kubhekwa njengendlela canyon encane. Lapha, i-inflow liphenduka impophoma egeleza phezu amatshe mossy. Ibizwa ngokuthi Silver Streams futhi uthole impophoma ezithule njengoba ehla phezu moss, akha cishe akukho umsindo.

emhlabeni isilwane

Ngokuqondene flora eCrimea kwabacebile kakhulu emfuleni, owakhileyo zayo ezidumile kungenziwa ngokuthi trout ensundu. Le nhlanzi enhle embozwe izikali ezincane shiny, isikali ngamunye uma azungeza uhlaka emhlophe. Trout kuyinto umhlaseli. Kunzima ukubona, ngoba nginamahloni kakhulu. Indawo intandokazi kwalesi silwane trout kuyinto emfuleni Belbek komfula. Ngokuvamile, kuyabonakala ngaphansi izimpophoma ezincane. Ngokuvamile trout ifinyelela ubude 25-35 ngamasentimitha. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo ezingavamile ube usayizi omkhudlwana.

zokungcebeleka

Belbek emfuleni idume lesikhumbuzo layo eliyingqayizivele zemvelo, ezifana Belbeksky canyon. Futhi, esigodini kwamanzu kuyinto ephakathi Syuyrenskaya inqaba. Kwakuthinta kancane libhujiswa ngo 1475 abahlaseli Turkish. Kusukela inqaba kuyagcinwa izicucu kuphela izindonga nemibhoshongo, kodwa luselude zezivakashi ufuna ukubona lesi sakhiwo ngamehlo ayo. Futhi Awukude itholakala endaweni engengaphansi emangalisayo - Isigodlo Chelter-Koba, okuyinto ingenye emihumeni abadumile ezisavuliwe eCrimea.

Esikhathini sifinyelela engenhla ejulile eCrimea River Hydropower eziyinkimbinkimbi lakhiwa ngo-1964. Sihlanganisa amadamu amathathu: at Bink-Uzenbash emfuleni, Managotra emfuleni futhi emfudlaneni Karst.