Izindaba UmphakathiImvelo

Lapho meteorite wawa waseChelyabinsk? Izithombe nemininingwane usendaweni meteorite ukuwa

Chelyabinsk - idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke WaseRussia, isikhungo yesayensi, zezimboni nezamasiko Urals. Kuyinto idolobha zabantu abasebenza kugujwa amandla abo ezimbonini kanye namarekhodi ezimbonini. Kodwa Februwari 15, 2013 umuzi odume emhlabeni wonke ngemva meteorite wawa waseChelyabinsk.

Kwenzekeni ngempela?

Cishe 9:30 nesikhathi sendawo, izakhamuzi Chelyabinsk hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezindaweni ezikude babonakala esibhakabhakeni flying ngokukhazimulayo elikhazimulayo into okusheshayo engaziwa ngemuva okuyinto trailed indiza umzila enamandla. Khona-ke amaza owanikhipha eziningi ekubhujisweni, okuyinto abathintekayo abahlala kuka 1,500.

Umuzi wamemezela isimo esiphuthumayo, ukuze ehlongozwayo okungaziwa umzimba ukuwa amabutho wathumela MOE, amasosha, kusho amaphoyisa. Kukhona washukumisela izazi ukwazi. Ngamunye isiteshi Russian mass abezindaba ethunyelwe yesehlakalo izintatheli yabo bonke bafuna ukuthola isibhamu kanye izingxenyana nendikimba ethile esemkhathini.

Lo mcimbi washaqeka hhayi kuphela izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo. Ekhathalela NASA,-European Space Agency. Izinkundla, izazi zezinkanyezi banesithakazelo Czech Republic, Sweden, France, UK, Canada America. Sekuyisikhathi ngonyaka, kodwa iqiniso Chelyabinsk meteorite uyaqhubeka ukuphazamisa kokubili labantu futhi izingqondo ngokwesayensi.

Ukubuyisela umlando imicimbi

Winter ekuseni waqala njengenjwayelo. Abantu wahamba wayosebenza, ekuboneni izingane ezikoleni naseziteshini izinkulisa, abafundi bahamba ukufunda.

Ngo isibhakabhaka ngesinye 9:23 Chelyabinsk izakhamizi ngaphawula eziyinqaba engavamile flash band, kokubili kwi jet. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa bonke ababezizwa phansi ethuthumela, wazamazama yonke Chelyabinsk. Ukuqhuma we meteorite kubange wave shock elahlasela endaweni engaba amakhilomitha ambalwa. izihlahla asediliziwe, izakhiwo landizela ingilazi, i-alamu yahamba imishini ngesikhathi zinc isitshalo odongeni acekela.

Conjectures futhi iqiniso

mkhuba izinguqulo zazihlukile, ngezinye izikhathi kumnandi. Othile wanquma ukuthi kwakuyilo kweminsalo isitha, abanye besikisela izindiza ukuphahlazeka, kwakukhona nalabo labakholwa kuhlaselwa the iplanethi njengabafokazi.

Eqinisweni phansi emzini Chelyabinsk esifundeni elikhulu eliwa emkhathini yawa, ngobukhulu yesibili ngemva Tunguska emkhathini yawela e-Eastern eSiberia ngo-June 1908.

Februwari 2013 - "isivakashi cosmic" langena emkhathini kule planethi engela okukhulu mayelana 20 °. Ngokusho kochwepheshe ezingeni ukuphakama mayelana 20-25 km meteorite bagqekeza izicucu. Uma izicucu zezinsimbi zanda ngesivinini hit umhlabathi.

I nezici zabo ezingokomzimba "isikhala-isivakashi"

Ngokusho ochwepheshe, kuhlanganise NASA Ochwepheshe meteorite Chelyabinsk isisindo ukuthi amathani 10 kanye ububanzi hhayi ngaphansi kuka 17 m, ungene emkhathini Womhlaba ngesivinini 18 km / h.

Flying meteorite emva entry emkhathini akuhlalanga ngemizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-40. Exploding umzimba cosmic ekuqaleni endaweni engamamitha amakhilomitha angu-20. Umthamo ukuqhuma cishe 470 kilotons (lokhu izikhathi 30 ezingaphezu kuka-e ukuvunguza ibhomu e Hiroshima) kwakheka izindengezi eziningi futhi izingcezu, okuyinto ngokushesha ishayisa phansi Chelyabinsk. Glare ekuweni ubonakala ngaso amabanga amade. Kwakuthinta ebonwe Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, yaseTyumen, Kazakhstan futhi Bashkortostan. Iphuzu furthest lapho kwakukhona iminonjana a meteorite flying - neSamara region, elise 750 ukusuka Chelyabinsk.

Imiphumela meteorite

Ekwindla ka-a meteorite waseChelyabinsk okubangelwa uchungechunge amagagasi ukushaqeka. Idolobha lase ezazigawula imithi eminingi, kulimaze 3000 izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka. Emizini eminingi, le shock wave povybivalo ingilazi isikhathi elahlekile uxhumano. Ngashaqeka enkulu weza Satka wesifunda. Kube kancane wabhubhisa Zinc Plant.

Abaningi bazibuza lapho meteorite wawa waseChelyabinsk nendlela kuyingozi. Umuzi kwathiwa esiphuthumayo, wonke amayunithi MOE bathunyelwa yesehlakalo. Ukuziphatha izingxoxo nabantu ukuyiveza ukwethuka, futhi sasizama ukugcina isimo ngaphansi kolawulo.

Ngaphandle Chelyabinsk esifundeni ziye zabhekana ezindaweni ezilandelayo: Korkino, Emanzhelinsk, Yuzhnouralsk, Kopeisk namakolishi Etkul.

Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi uma meteorite elalicushwe 5-6 km ngezansi, imiphumela kwakuyoba nakakhulu kakhulu.

ukuphahlazeka isayithi

Njalo nendikimba ethile esemkhathini Sinesithakazelo esikhulu kusukela iphuzu zesayensi of umbono. Ukuze ukufunda ubunjalo umsuka kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, ukubunjwa yayo zamakhemikhali, kwakudingekile ukuthola inani elikhulu kunawo kungenzeka imvuthuluka futhi izingcezu nendikimba ethile esemkhathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwakubalulekile ukusungula endaweni esiqondile meteorite kuwa in Chelyabinsk.

Izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokushesha ezitholakala endaweni Chebarkul. Ngo Zlatoustovsky ezitholakale eduze eyesithathu base isinqamu. Kodwa wesine kwakudingeka bafune. Kukholakala ukuthi kokuba esewile echibini endaweni Chebarkul. Izakhamuzi ngubani babanjwa ekuseni yokudoba echibini, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi idwala isikhala kwaba, watheleka phakathi echibini ngokwayo. Abazibonele bathi isiteleka uye wabangela igagasi elikhulu. Amanzi rose kuya 3-4 amamitha.

Ukukhetha igama

Ngemva kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila kwahlongozwa samuntu 2 segama laso - CHebarkulskij noma Chelyabinsky. Esivuna igama lokuqala kuke kwatsiwa chip main yawela echibini eduze nedolobhana Chebarkul Chebarkul. Nokho, ababesekela igama "Chelyabinsk" wakhuluma iqiniso lokuthi meteorite ilethe ekubhujisweni kunazozonke isikhungo lesifunda. Njengoba yokuziphindiselela, kufanele athole isihloko Chelyabinsk.

Academician E. Galimov - inhloko-Institute of Geochemistry futhi Analytical Chemistry, Vernadsky - umemezele ukuthi meteorite izothunyelwa lwemibhalo International ngokuthi "Chelyabinsk".

Qoqa izingcezu meteorite

Ngesikhathi indawo crash bathola amakhulu ezimpawu izicucu. In the search bathunyelwa mikhankaso ekhethekile. Kuphela eduze kwechibi Chebarkul eqoqwe ezintathu khilogremu meteorite amatshe. Usesho yathatha izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha. Ngo-August kwafika izindaba ukuthi isakhamuzi sendawo uthole isisindo chip ka 3.5 kg kule ndawo Timiryazevskiy emzaneni.

Kodwa isithakazelo enkulu kwaba chip omkhulu esasiwe echibini. Isisindo sayo kwalinganiselwa ngu kwangaphambilini 300-400 kg, it is kakhulu esengenile yl phansi. On ekuphakameni kwakhe, iziphathimandla zendawo sibeke ruble ayizigidi ezingu 3.

Ucezu omkhulu ngo-August 2013 ekhishwe ku-asekujuleni kwechibi. Isisindo sayo kwatholakala ukuthi 600 kg. Ngemva luhlolo ososayensi nezinqumo zezinkantolo nesinqumo enemisebe namakhemikhali ukuphepha meteorite isinqamu wayiswa Museum wendawo.

amaminerali ukwakheka

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abacwaningi baye bachaza ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani emkhathini yawela waseChelyabinsk. Into isikhala limelela Chondrite abavamile. It yakhiwa Olivine kutholakala, insimbi, sulfites, pyrrhotite namanye amaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi. meteorite Chelyabinsky iqukethe iminonjana titaniferous hematite futhi amabala zethusi bomdabu, okuyinto engajwayelekile chondrites. Imifantu umzimba uyogcwala Vitreous izidakamizwa okuphothula silicates. Ubukhulu ukuncibilika cortex - 1 mm.

Ososayensi baye bathola ukuthi engu-umzimba kamama, okuyinto Ngahlukana ucezu, kamuva elaba Chelyabinsk kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, hhayi ngaphansi kuka kwezigidigidi ezingu-4 (!) Iminyaka. isiqeshana "yethu" + ukuba bawele Earth isikhathi esithile ezulazula evulekile, zingashayisani nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini ...

Scary? Ngukukhathazeka ...

Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke kuze kube yilolu suku ngenkuthalo sihlole izinto zithunyelwe. Abantu abaningi abanamakhono onolwazi baye basikisela ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, futhi kuzalwa njengebika le nguzunga. Abanye baze wayekholelwa ukuthi maduzane umhlaba uzoba kufike elisemkhathini esikhulu, bese ukubhujiswa kuyoba inhlekelele. Kodwa Anatoly Zaitsev, umqondisi "Isikhungo Zomhlaba ukuzivikela kwamaplanethi ngokumelene asteroyidi," kuchaza ukuthi lokhu kuphela theory. Waqinisekisa ukuthi inani labantu is hhayi ezisengozini iplanethi nezindikimba zasezulwini, izimpukane esidlule, ngeso lokhozi.

Life ngemva kokuwa meteorite

I kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, eyawela waseChelyabinsk, wahosha ukunakwa uquqaba, yabangela impikiswano futhi conjecture. Xoxa bese ukhuluma ngezenzakalo bengayeki kuze kube yilolu suku. City ichibi Chebarkul waziwa emhlabeni wonke. Lapha waya ososayensi: Geochemistry, i-physics kanye isayensi yezinkanyezi. Wonke umuntu wayesefuna ukufakaza ngamehlo ami isithunywa nge amabanga cosmic.

Ukuwa kwe-meteorite waseChelyabinsk baba inzuzo ngokuya ezokuvakasha. Umnikazi we travel ejensi ezinkulu Andrei Orlov wathi ngemuva umcimbi waqala ukwamukela izingcingo ezivela America nase-Japan. Othile wafuna uhambo siqu, abaningi bangathanda ukuwususa umbono ukuhlela iqembu elithile uhambo lokuya isayithi Ukuphahlazeka meteorite abadumile.

Demand kudala isimemo, yingakho zonke iziqondiso ungeze ekubalulekeni indima le Chelyabinsk esifundeni kanye indawo ngokuthi "Chebarkul meteorite." Inani uhambo echibini manje-mlando zokhahlamba kusuka 5 000 kuya ku-20 000 ruble.

Ayikho ulwelwesi esiliva: ezingeni olusemthethweni

Chelyabinsk iziphathimandla ngosizo umcimbi 15.02.2013 ngonyaka unquma ungene umlando iMidlalo Yama-Olympic. Badale izindondo eziningi zensimbi eziyigugu nge faka of a meteorite. owenzelwe sona yikhotho, etholwe umsubathi ngamunye othatha umklomelo emncintiswaneni abanjwe yikho ngoFebhuwari 15. Zonke ezosala engasetshenziswanga izingcezwana wathola ukuhlakaza iminyuziyamu Russia namaqoqo yangasese.

ezinye zobuciko esikhulu kakhulu, balungisa amaphepha afanele sebuqoqiwe. Nge le nto ke kuzokwenziwa uhambo Museum of the Russian Federation. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi yezwe kufanele ubone ucezu meteorite. E-Moscow, lapho babuwukubonakaliswa 17.01.2014 ngonyaka. izinto eziningi siyonezela ukuqoqwa izinkanyezi abadumile eMoscow. Lo mcimbi athuthukile zezitsha thematic eziningana nemaphosta.

Ukuzalwa lemikhiqizo

Nakuba abatakuli isuswe imiphumela le nhlekelele, okuyinto wenze emkhathini yawela waseChelyabinsk, osomabhizinisi abaningi qinani isikhathi ize futhi zisetshenziswe ngaso sonke isikhathi kokuwa nendikimba ethile esemkhathini izizathu zentengiso. -Imphendvulo ingemalengiso kule ndawo zihlukaniswa Andrei Orlov, iMeya Chebarkul wesifunda ezisemadolobheni. Lapha, ngesandla sakhe ukukhanya Umncintiswano ezithakazelisa kakhulu brand igama kwase kunesiqiniseko. I owawina umklomelo wathembisa ucezu meteorite. Ngaphansi amagama ezithakazelisayo, ezifana "Chebarkul Meteor" "Meteor Ural", "Chelyabinsk - inhloko-dolobha meteorite", "Meteorite ! WaseChelyabinsk" futhi "Che ', zavezwa namakhekhe neziphuzo.

Yenza hay ngenkathi ilanga likhanya

amafemu lahlukahlukene esikhiqiza izingubo ne ohambelana yezicathulo, lokunyenti, ngabe tinkomishi, amapuleti ngisho puzzle. Okokuqala lendawo abese abakhileyo sihlanganisa lonke izwe laseRussia kwaduma izikibha nge umbhalo oqoshiwe ezihlekisayo: "Ayikho into akhuthazayo ngaphezulu njengoba Meteor ekuseni!" Kuyaphawuleka umqondo Chelyabinsk inkampani original kakhulu amakha. Wanquma ukudala amakha engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi "Chebarkul meteorite." Bamakha bathi ukunambitheka kwalo "isikhala into" kungahlanganisa izingxenye itshe nensimbi.

izakhamizi Ojwayelekile Urals wabuye wabonisa umoya ebhizinisi. Umsebenzi wakhe uye wenza meteorite waseChelyabinsk. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo indiza ngejubane elikhulu nge-intanethi. Izinkulungwane izicelo ngomzuzu yabonisa kangakanani lapho abafuna ukubona indawo crash ngokwayo into yasezulwini. Omunye umhlali namasu-dolobha yesifundazwe ithengiswe emakethe yase-inthanethi-isikhala microwave yokushiswa umthelela shock wave. Ngathenga lokhu into eyinqaba engaziwa American, kodwa lokhu yokufuna ucele ukuthumela ambalwa emaphephandabeni endawo kanye izindaba sokuwa meteorite waseChelyabinsk. Ezinye izingcezu embukisweni ngengilazi, okuyinto ezihlakazekile yonke indawo ngenxa yokuqhuma ekwindla. Futhi zonke lezi zinto ubuthaphuthaphu zobuciko eziyinqaba. Okwakwaziswa ngokukhethekile izingcezu meteorite uqobo. Intengo ephansi phezu Shard waqala ruble 10 000, aphakeme kwaba ruble 10 million. Amaphoyisa atholane phezulu nge lamasela yemvelo ababenikwe amatshe elivamile liyindikimba yasezulwini.

"Ukwelashwa" izakhiwo meteorite

Izakhamuzi zamakhulu wafika echibini Chebarkul, futhi ngaphupha ngokuthola itshe ezibizayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi "linokuphulukisa". Bakhohlisi - mages nabathakathi - ngosizo izingcezwana ezifana ukususa umonakalo futhi selashwe izifo ezimbi kakhulu, wakhipha imimoya emibi. Thina yasungulwa wonke izindaba eziqanjiwe nezinganekwane mayelana ukucindezeleka okubangelwa "isivakashi cosmic" umuntu ngamunye, kuye uphawu zezinkanyezi. Futhi mingaki izintelezi nge ucezu umzimba uye zasakazekela kulo lonke izwe! Meteorite umane kuchasiselwe izakhiwo imilingo, nakuba empeleni akukho amandla okuphulukisa akwenzayo esingenayo.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kokuwa Chelyabinsk meteorite

Ngo Chelyabinsk, a meteorite wawa, okuyinto okwasusa esinamathambo kulo lonke izwe. Ososayensi bakwazi waphinda ukufunda emzimbeni cosmic, futhi othile imali nje okuhle kulesi senzakalo. Kuyaphawuleka athile athakazelisayo futhi amaqiniso mayelana Chelyabinsk meteorite:

  • Ucezu elikhulu eliwa emkhathini zawela phansi Lake Chebarkul.
  • Russian Izimo eziphuthumayo Ministry wagomela ngokuthi izakhamizi unolwazi mayelana nomcimbi oluzayo ngosizo SMS-mail, kodwa kwakungamanga.
  • Iziteshi Abaningi ayiboniswa uphondo nge umthelela kunalokho igesi e Turkmenistan wentaba.
  • Abantu abaningi abahlala Chelyabinsk ngokukhethekile smash ngamafasitela abo, kokulingisa imiphumela wave kuqhuma. Babefuna ukuthola amawindi amasha amaplastiki isimo njengoba ngezinto ezibonakalayo abathintekile kule nhlekelele.
  • I ububanzi we uphondo kusuka meteorite kwaba 6 amamitha.
  • 470 kilotons eneji eyakhishwa ngo ukuqhuma nendikimba ethile esemkhathini.
  • Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi inani meteorite enjalo uwela Earth kanye njalo eminyakeni engamakhulu.
  • Kukholakala a meteorite kungaqashelwa ngoba yamabhanoyi aphume ilanga. Yingakho izibonakude ziye ayitholiwe olusondelayo nendikimba ethile esemkhathini.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.