HomelinessAmathuluzi kanye nemishini

Boer - lokhu ... Diamond sokuprakthiza. auger isikulufa

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu kwamanje ujabulela zonke izinzuzo bemvelo, e Umq. H. Futhi ingaphakathi eMhlabeni. Okokuqala, ukusebenza umhlaba usebenzisa amathuluzi bakudala kakhulu: .. Khetha, lokwela, njll With ukuthuthukiswa ekuthuthukeni kwabantu izimfuno yanda, futhi wathatha imishini kangcono. Manje sokuprakthiza emgodini ejulile ngoba amanzi isizinda namafutha - akuyona inkinga. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo imishini ekhethekile. Isebenzisa sokuprakthiza. Le idivayisi ukuthi ngokushintshanisa kwenza ukucindezeleka emhlabathini.

umlando imishini

Njalo ithuluzi has a esidlule. Boer - luyinto lasendulo. Imivubukulo ibonisa ukuthi ngisho izinkulungwane 25 edlule, lalisetshenziselwa Drilling izimbobo ezihlukahlukene amadivaysi bakudala.

AbaseGibhithe lasendulo ukwakha amaphiramidi esetshenziswa imishini yokunyathelisa. EChina, eyaziwa namuhla Confucius okukhulunywa yokubhola kwemithombo e 600 BC. e. ukujula wabo 900. Lokhu, kubonisa ezingeni ezinhle ukuthuthukiswa kwalo buchwepheshe kakade. Kuyaziwa ukuthi eRussia basungula imishini ekhulwini IX. Ngokuyinhloko, lalisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa usawoti.

Yiqiniso, amathekhiniki imishini lokuqala zazingaphucukile futhi akuphelele. udonga Borehole ngokuvamile aphule bese uyivala. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, yasibamba ehlukahlukene wabeka ngaphakathi: nomgodi zemithi, amagxolo noma nokwelukiweyo ipayipi uthayela, njll ...

Kwakukhona enye inkinga enkulu - izinsalela idwala imishini kwadingeka ukuba njalo ukukhulisa phezulu. Ngenxa yalesi emhlabeni auger wayeka waphakamisa ezisetshenziswa. Konke lokhu kakhulu inqubo ingathiyeki. Kodwa ngo-1846 unjiniyela othile Fauvel esikunika isixazululo ngempumelelo kule nkinga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sesiqale ukusebenzisa imithombo egeza. On komhlaba ngokusebenzisa amapayipi ekhethekile akhishwa amanzi avamile, bethwele rock phezulu. Le ndlela iye yaba undab 'ikakhulukazi, t. Ukuze. Nikeza ukusebenza cishe ungaphazanyiswa we Rig imishini.

Ngamagama amathuluzi, inqubo yokuqala Kwenziwa ishizolo ekhethekile, ukushayela motor downhole. Futhi, kufakwe design ipayipi, eveza amanzi kanye rock.

Ifomu wanamuhla sokuprakthiza kagesi kwamiswa ngo-1938. Wadala yasekhaya futhi unjiniyela yayo Alexander Ostrovsky.

izinhlobo amabhunu

Ithuluzi, elinomlando eside kangaka futhi ububanzi ezibanzi ukusetshenziswa, futhi has a lot of ukushintshwa.

Kuye design, zonke sokuzivivinya zingahlukaniswa zibe mechanical kagesi kanye. Kulokhu, owokuqala is eliqhutshwa ngamandla ndoda, kanti eyesibili zamanje izidingo energy. sokuprakthiza Electric siqukethe motor, izipikili futhi isibambo. Buhle ithuluzi mshini e ukuzibusa ngokugcwele kunoma yimuphi umthombo amandla. Ngakho-ke, mobile kakhudlwana futhi ushibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo okunjalo auger okuzenzela.

Kuye isakhiwo ababonakali ngezikhundla:

  • Bourg-bit.
  • Bourg-spoon.
  • Ikhoyili.
  • Bailer.

Garden sokuprakthiza inhlukano kungabuye ihlukaniswe:

  • Intulo ithuluzi ukusonga. It has ezakheke ngendlela efanayo kodwa yakhiwa izingxenye ngabanye. Kuyinto elula ukuba ezokuthutha kanye nokugcina.
  • isigaba sesethulo olubunjiwe. Omunye ezivamile. Isebenza kuphela kwemithombo ukujula esinqunyiwe.
  • Ring olubunjiwe eliya.

ithuluzi Ububanzi

auger Modern - idivayisi kukho ukubhubha nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene lapho kwakhiwa kude umumo cylindrical.

Drilling imithombo kubalulekile lujula futhi ucwaningo amaminerali ahlukahlukene. Futhi, sokuprakthiza iyadingeka ukuze sisindiswe ngokushesha.

Kunezindlela izindawo ezimbalwa ezidinga ukusetshenziswa imishini enjalo:

  1. Ukukhiqizwa blasting. Ukusebenzisa izimbobo sokuprakthiza zenziwa ukujula oyifunayo futhi ububanzi. Lapha ubeke iziqhumane ekugcobisa kulethe. Inqubo okumele iqondiswe, kudinga ukucabanga eqondile kakhulu futhi ngokucophelela.
  2. Ukubeka ngezidingo ezihlukahlukene ngaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu has a eqondile Ukudayela ucingo, ugesi kanye nokunye. Ngqo ngokusebenzisa izimbobo basuke wakhonza cishe kunoma iyiphi ukujula. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa komhlaba ezimayini yokuziphilisa.
  3. Notch namaminerali okuqinile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, avame usebenzisa idayimane sokuprakthiza ekhethekile. Okunjalo izimbobo wazalela ithuluzi ngobunono asuswe zohlobo oyifunayo.
  4. Amanzi kwamaxhaphozi. Lokhu kwenziwa esebenzisa amanzi. Njengoba borax kwenziwa nge sebuningini ukuvuleka lapho amanzi ishiya uqobo. Le ndlela iye yasetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
  5. Artificial rocks Anchorage. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenziwa kumuntu ka 30 m ukujula. Kwenziwa awashintsheki esebenzisa injectors, tampons asethwe usebenzisa sokuzivivinya.

Ukwahlukanisa imishini yokumba

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuze ukusebenza kahle kakhulu udinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile. Kodwa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, wonke izakhiwo zezimboni asetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, umuntu oye wafunda ukusebenzisa sokuprakthiza njengoba ngesisekelo wonke ulayini ukukhiqizwa. Kulokhu, amathuluzi abakwazi kuphela ukuthenga kodwa futhi ukwakha bebodwa.

Kuye uhlobo imishini ihlaba umkhosi:

1. Izinsimbi zomculo ezishaywayo. Lokhu, isibonelo, sokuprakthiza-bit metal kanzima kakhulu. kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-rocks super-ezinzima.

2. Ithuluzi yokunyathelisa. Lusebenza sokuprakthiza Kuvunguza. Le divayisi isetshenziselwa okwesikhathi rocks esithambile noma okuxekethile.

3. Inhlanganisela sokuzivivinya. Sihlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle zonke izinsimbi yena.

Ngu uhlobo nolokubhujiswa rocks:

1. imishini okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukubhujiswa lonke ubuso ndawo.

2. Core imishini. Isetshenziswa ngokuvamile ocwaningweni. Rock sinqamukile kuphela iringi.

Ngokusho ithuluzi kwakusho imishini izindlela zihlukaniswe zibe:

1. Drobyasche-yokugunda. Ngenxa yalesi kukhona amazinyo ekhethekile ithuluzi.

2. yokwehlisa kanye yokugunda. Basebenza ngesisekelo izindwani.

3. yokwehlisa kanye athile. Lapha sisebenzisa Diamond nezingxenye kanzima.

Ngendlela kwethonya zohlobo:

1. sokuprakthiza Mechanical. Umgomo we operation futhi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukujikeleza futhi ukushaqeka. Isibonelo zakudala - sokuprakthiza for amakholomu mathupha. Kuyinto esisemqoka kuleli zwe futhi indlu yokuhlala yangasese.

2. sokuprakthiza non-lokukhanda. Leli thuluzi wokubacindezela, ezishisayo noma electrophysical. Kuze kube manje, amadivayisi angekho esetshenziswa kabanzi futhi kule nqubo ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa ngcono.

Drilling ubuchwepheshe be-USSR neRussia

Shiya isikhathi eside emlandweni wezwe ewela nenkathi yamaSoviet. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umkhakha, nesayensi yezolimo Uthole ukuthuthukiswa enkulu. Ifa kulezi zikhathi isasetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi. Kodwa abanye Amasampula namanje ukuziqhenya imboni yasekhaya.

Emlandweni wethu imishini imishini ihlanganisa izilungiselelo ezifana:

1. BKM-303. Lo mshini isetshenziswa ukusetha izingongolo ehlukahlukene yinqwaba nenhlabathi ayiqhwa. Ukugubha kancane ububanzi of mayelana 80 cm, umthamo afika ku 1.5 m.

2. BM-251. Lesi sibonelo yethulwa ngo-1969. Inhloso yayo - ukusebenza ukuyilungiselela kahle ukuqhuma. Drilling yale mishini ukujula kuyinto 2.5 m. I-apharathasi yakhiwa izindikimba ezimbili ukusebenza ububanzi 1.1 m.

3. Izinamathiseli Drilling imishini. Le yunithi mobile kwase kuqala wadedelwa ngo 1982. Injongo - Drilling enhlabathini eqandisiwe.

4. Machine ngoba imishini Thermo-lokukhanda. Le modeli lokuhlola ukuqhumisa.

5. BM-1001. Lokhu auger emhlabeni ngosizo imishini ukushaqeka-rotary ubelokhu esebenza ku ukuhlola umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu.

Kulokho futhi kanjani sokuprakthiza bebodwa?

Kunoma yikuphi endlini ethile ezweni has a lot of izinkinga zingaxazululwa kuphela ngosizo amathuluzi akhethekile. Lokhu kungaba inhlangano amanzi, futhi ukufakwa zonke izinhlobo amabombo, nokutshala nokunakekela izitshalo, nokunye. D.

Yiqiniso, konke okudingayo ingatholakala kalula nganoma iyiphi esitolo sezinto zokwakha. Kodwa kuba amathuluzi ishibhile nokuningi practical ukwenza yezandla zabo. Akuthathi isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu.

sokuprakthiza Homemade kwenziwa amathuluzi aphansi okungukuthi cishe kuyo yonke imizi noma igalaji. Lokhu kuzodinga isondo olwalwenza banikele bezihlahla kanye Welding umshini.

I-apharathasi izokuba kakhulu borax, isigxobo metallic futhi ukusonta isibambo ekhethekile. Umsebenzi Kungadingeka armature ubude mayelana 2 m kanye uthayela.

Step by step imiyalelo inhlangano

Boer - idivayisi lilula. Kodwa ngisho leli thuluzi inezici eziningana. Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba uthole phansi ibhizinisi futhi ukwakha, isibonelo, sokuprakthiza self-ezenziwe ngesandla izinsika, wokutadisha ngokucophelela imiyalelo.

Thina ukuhlukanisa izigaba eziningana:

1. Ukubuthanela futhi ukuvikela ukudla ukusebenza. Lokhu kuzodinga eqinile uthayela. Futhi kubalulekile kusengaphambili ukucacisa uhlobo lomsebenzi okuyiwona sokuprakthiza izosetshenziswa. Okungenalutho kufanele kube 5-10 mm kunenani izimbobo ubukhulu edingekayo.

2. Kulungiselelwa base main. Kuze kube yimanje, induku esithathwayo, esiqhutshwa ngokuqinile kuheleza. It ke wenza ambalwa izimbobo. Nawa nati kuthiwa some nge izindwani esiphelele. Khumbula ukuthi lezi ukuvuleka kufanele kube abangaphezu kuka 1-2 mm.

3. Ukunika ukuma ofiselekayo we blade. Lokhu kuzodinga Bulgarian. Ukunikeza izindwani uhlobo engavamile isikulufa inkatho inqanyulwa. Khona-ke engaloli Ezansi yalo.

4. A tip abukhali. Kuyadingeka ukusebenza ezihlukahlukene amatshe kanzima futhi ukujula eqhweni. Ukuphela weld kungaba phansi noma sokuprakthiza pre-ezilungiselelwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kumele kube anemifantu Helical ezansi the yokubeka.

5. Yiphathe. It kungenziwa uvalwe ashiselwe noma screwed imishudo, okuzokwenza ulungise ukujula imishini. Oku-isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokushabalala ukuwohloka ukugqwala ka timphawu tesakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, sokuprakthiza manual ukucubungulwa ngezitimela ezikhethekile ezazilungiselelwe futhi inked. Futhi kuphela emva kwalokho ingasetshenziswa ngokugcwele.

Diamond sokuprakthiza: Izakhiwo kanye isicelo

Izidingo zomphakathi wanamuhla sikhulela njalo. Ngakho-ke, lesayense nenqubekela phambili akuyona emi namanje. Kusukela kwamiswa sokuprakthiza wokuqala waba isidingo enza kahle ngokungagcini emadwaleni ehlukahlukene ukujula eqhweni, kodwa futhi nezinto okunzima kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, babe namathuluzi amasha anamandla ezisebenza kuzo zonke izimo. Omunye walena uwukuba sokuprakthiza idayimane. Le divayisi ukusebenza esihle ngokusebenzisa sishaye ekhethekile.

Njengoba yaziwa, idayimane - okokusebenza sekukaningi emhlabeni. Ikhwalithi ngisho okudlula ke ukhonkolo nensimbi. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe usebenzisa idayimane-camera, uvele kuphela phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule. Kwakuthinta isetshenziswa West. ERussia, lobu buchwepheshe sekukhona futhi benza eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Kulesi umsebenzi akuyona kuphela sokuprakthiza idayimane, kodwa wire idayimane kanye ukusika akwazi ukugcina. Ahluke kwenkululeko isicelo futhi idivayisi.

Sokuprakthiza idayimane kuyinto isilinda eziyize metal. On emaphethelweni brazed amadayimane yayo. Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa ukusika izinto ezifana nalezi:

  • Umsebenzi Wamatshe.
  • Foam ukhonkolo, kwagcizelela ukhonkolo kanye kwagcizelela ukhonkolo.
  • Granite.
  • Marble netshe yokufakelwa.
  • Metal.
  • Asphalt enamathela.

Diamond sokuprakthiza isebenza isimiso ukugaya uma usebenzisa sishaye ezifanele futhi impahla vpaek ahlahlele futhi ubuqiniso kusulwe. Yena ngenkuthalo lisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kanye ukuqaqa, kanye izinhlobo ezahlukene ukukhiqiza, ngisho e-kwezesayensi ucwaningo.

Yini osebenza auger?

imishini yesimanje kabanzi hhayi kuphela umkhakha kodwa futhi ekhaya. Auger isikulufa isetshenziswa non-ochwepheshe ensimini kunazo zonke, ezweni futhi engxenyeni ezimele. Kuyinto ekhethekile ipayipi wasibekela steel tape. I ngezikulufo kuthiwa esigaxe ndawonye futhi ezimise threaded uxhumano. Umgomo we operation lokhu ithuluzi kusekelwe imishini yokunyathelisa, lapho idwala ekubhujisweni kwenziwa ziba ngcono futhi ukusika. Indaba imibengo silethwa nesikulufu phezulu ekhethekile.

Lolu hlobo imishini, kanye nabanye abaningi, enezinto eziningi izici. Izinzuzo main yilezi ezilandelayo:

  • Lula ukusebenza. Ngenxa design yayo ukusebenzisa leli thuluzi kalula futhi sizikhandle.
  • Ukunciphisa inani imisebenzi ezithothene futhi ukwandisa ijubane imishini.
  • Ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa. Leli thuluzi kufanelekile ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi :. Isakhiwo, ucwaningo, njll Noma yimuphi kahle ngesandla sokuprakthiza kwenziwa ngokushesha futhi kalula. Akumele ube uchwepheshe.

Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo amathuluzi asetshenziswe imishini auger :

  • Hudula izingcezu.
  • Futhi-go-ngokusebenzisa ukwakhiwa ngezikulufo.
  • Ukugubha izinduku.
  • Shnekolovki, auger borer kanye subs.

A amaqiniso ambalwa ezithakazelisayo

Cishe yonke into noma ithuluzi ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke has umlando walo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, efunde okunhlobonhlobo amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo futhi izigameko. Futhi namhlanje nge sokuprakthiza evamile:

1. ejulile Borehole yokufakelwa - ke Kola. imishini yayo yaqala ngo-1970. Ngaphambi 1990, thina bemba yonke 12 262 amamitha. Kulokhu, wasebenzisa ezivamile emhlabeni sokuprakthiza.

Intengo yale ithuluzi manje kuncike kuzwe ukwakhiwa kanye yinkimbinkimbi imishini. amathuluzi Hand kufanele ruble ngokuvamile ezungeze 1500-2000, ngesikhathi izitshalo zakwamanye amazwe - kusuka 25 000 nangaphezulu.

2. IRussia nenqwaba yamanzi engaphansi kwenhlabathi fresh. Futhi indlela engcono kakhulu ukukhiqizwa namuhla imishini. Kodwa ngisho kanjalo, kuphela esetshenziswa 10% zigcine Imininingwane.

3. Pushing ukusetshenziswa idayimane ezinengilazi for sokuprakthiza yokumba okusungulile wanikeza zokwenziwa idayimane. Ngokokuqala ngqá zomculo ezifana avele e-Europe. Bese ukusakaza emhlabeni wonke.

4. Diamond indophi kanye amadiski elisetshenziswa indinganiso imishini imishini, bekulindeleke ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe, izinto zokwakha. Basuke eziklanyelwe ukusika rocks kanzima kakhulu. Diamond sebethule angase abe isisekelo sokuprakthiza. Lokhu igijimisa kakhulu futhi lula umsebenzi.

5. Okokhelekayo usebenzisa imishini wokuqala waqala ukuveza e China. Kwaphela iminyaka 2300 ngaphambi baseYurophu nabaseMelika.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.