Bondzaweni, tihlanganisi, izinhlayiya: Sipelingi

Bondzaweni, tihlanganisi, izinhlayiya musa ubheke ezimele, futhi ukusevisa izingxenye yokukhuluma. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuzona ngokwabo bakwazi shayela noma iziphi izinto noma izakhiwo, noma uthi, noma izenzo. Ngaphandle kwawo, ungenza iziphakamiso, kuyilapho bona, ngaphandle ukubandakanywa izingxenye ezimele yokukhuluma, awakha njani umusho bengayi. Nokho, indima amazwi umsebenzi enkulumweni akufanele ithathwe kancane: bondzaweni, tihlanganisi nezinhlayiyana ufuna ukuveza ubudlelwane semantic nalokuhlelekile phakathi kwamagama ezimele ngaphakathi imisho. Amathuluzi kwenkulumo ngokwayo ngeke adlale indima lomusho.

izici morphological

Zonke izinhlangano izinhlayiya, bondzaweni, babe izici zabo morphological. Okuwukuphela ezivamile morphology alandisa kungenziwa ngokuthi nokungaguquguquki. Manje ake sihlole ngalinye kulawa izingxenye inkonzo inkulumo ngokuningiliziwe.

izaba

Union, kuyizinhlayiyana ixhunywe (ngowokuqala) bese wengeza shades kwamagama nencazelo (wesibili). A isabizwana umsebenzi emshweni noma ibinzana - ukuze uxhumanise amagama ezakhiwe lesifanele nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngiye esikoleni, ukudlala upiyano, wagxuma phezu kocingo, eyingoduso e phakathi nonyaka, njll

Kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu bondzaweni ukubunjwa.

• Simple: e, ku, ukuba, ngaphansi, phezu, ngoba, ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, ngaphambi, ngemuva, kanye nabanye.
• Inxanxathela: ngaphansi ngenxa et al.
• Izingxenye: ngenxa yezizathu isikhathi, naphezu, futhi maqondana abanye.

Ngo umsuka waso nokwanda indlela kumiswa bondzaweni zihlobene, okungukuthi, iphuma kwezinye izingxenye zenkulumo futhi okungezona nemikhiqizo.

• Bondzaweni nemikhiqizo kungase zimiswe kusuka tandziso: emhlabeni, kuhlanganise, eduze, nabanye.
• Bangase babonakale izingxenye okuzisholo yokukhuluma: I-, maqondana, mayelana, ngenxa, ekubukeni et al.
• Abakwazi kwenzeke, futhi kusukela tento: ngiyabonga, kamuva, kuhlanganise nabanye.

Ndawonye noma ngokuhlukana?

Isipelingi bondzaweni, tihlanganisi, kanye nezinhlayiya ngokuvamile kungagcini ndawonye, ahlukene noma ukubhala usebenzisa kolayini.

• Ndawonye sibhala izaba ezilandelayo:

kanye, ngokumelene, kusukela, efana, kunalokho, ngenxa yalokho, ngoJesu.

• Eceleni ukubhala tandziso:

I-ngalokuvamile, kuphetsa, ngokuhamba, ukuze empeleni, njengoba, ngesizathu esithile.

• With bondzaweni dash yilobele lokhu:

ngoba, aphume, iphelile.

sokukhulumisana okwakhayo

Buyini ubuhlobo phakathi kwamagama esinikelweko kungaba ukuveza bondzaweni? Izinyunyana nezinhlayiyana, siphawula futhi, abe namanani yabo esemthethweni, okuyinto uchaze ngezansi.

Bondzaweni ukuveza lezi zimiso:

• into: miss you, cabanga kwethu, wamelela kuye emhlanganweni;
• ngekwendzawo: ngashiya aphume ezweni, kudlule eduze yaseshashalazini, uya bahlala Alaska;
• isikhathi: ngiya ngokusebenzisa week'll thola emini; ngokuhamba kwesonto wathela yezimvula ezinamandla;
• ukukhomba: ukulwa umbono, ukuphila ngenxa iqiniso, ukunikeza njengoba keepsake;
• Isizathu: ningaweli ngenxa yesimo sezulu, wathola ebanganini ngemuva ngenxa yokugula;
• attributive: ezimthende ibhulukwe, a Simulator nge timer noboya coat;
• ngokuqhathanisa: nenkundla uzipho, umuntu weza nonina, umlingisi - uyise;
• inkambo: ukuhleka ngokusebenzisa amandla ukucabanga nokucindezeleka, ukubheka ngaphandle isithakazelo esikhulu.

Indlela ukuhlukanisa bondzaweni zivela kwezinye izingxenye ze inkulumo?

Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye asizayo yokukhuluma - bondzaweni, tihlanganisi, kuyizinhlayiyana - kungenziwa ngephutha njengenkondlo ebonisa ezimele. Nokho, zikhona izindlela ungakwazi ngokucacile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo.

• Hhayi ukuze kudidaniswe isandiso isabizwana, qiniseka ukuthi ngemva kwaso kukhona ibizo noma isabizwana. Qhathanisa: vase Round ne jam ezindizayo bee / vase ne jam wema phezu kwetafula, emhlabeni indiza lezinyosi.
• Of umehluko phakathi izaba kusukela inhlanganisela libito nge ibhiphu isabizwana isiphetho. Ibhaxa uhlale, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya Ibizo ingahluka uma zisetshenziswa bondzaweni ezahlukene: ngenkathi / phakathi emifuleni, ukuba imifula, kusukela ukugeleza imifula, phakathi emifuleni, njll
• Isabizwana naphezu afana gerund, kodwa iyahluka kwenye ke ejiyile. Ngokwesibonelo: naphezu kwemvula, umdlalo owawuse / hhayi ongibukayo, washeshe waphuma kulelo kamelo. Okwakushiwo umusho wokuqala onalesi isabizwana: nakuba kwaba imvula, umdlalo is okungazange kukhanselwe sasiqhutshelwa. Okwakushiwo umusho wesibili ne gerund: ngaphandle ebuka kimi, yena waphuma kulelo kamelo.

Sathola nobunzima main ezingase zibangele izaba.

inyunyana

Into ye njengoba inkonzo uyakwazi tenkhulumo, isibonelo, ukushintsha izwi izici morphological (isib isenzo ukudala okunemibandela noma kuphoqelekile). Leli thuba libizwa got inyunyana. Inhloso yalesi ingxenye inkonzo yokukhuluma - ukuxhuma imigomo eyohlobo kanye nemisho lelula kuphela ngaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi.

izinhlobo Izinyunyana

Ngokusho isakhiwo Izinyunyana kungaba elula noma kwakwakhe, futhi ukubaluleka - coordinative futhi subordinative.

Coordinative khona ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi imigomo eyohlobo nelinganayo elula nomunye ngaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi imisho lecondzile. Nazo ngokufanayo, zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu.

• Uxhumano: I Umfowabo nodadewabo babe ngokufanayo. Siye ezifakiwe antenna, njengoba izixhumanisi ecacisiwe. Isinkwa iphalishi - ukudla kwethu.
• Adversative: Waphuma kodwa iminyango ayizange eduze. Ngafunda ulalele ke. A Vaska Ulalela kodwa udle. Asibonanga Chaliapin, kodwa walizwa izwi lakhe.
• Ukwehlukanisa: Akukona ukuthi kusihlwa, hhayi ekuseni egcekeni. Beris ibhizinisi noma ikhefu. Ngifuna ukwazi imfihlo, noma ngingakwazi ukulala ebusuku.

Ngo subordinating izihlanganiso indima liyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezu - babopha ngaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi inikeza elula, enye yazo ilawulwe abanye. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sigaba Union inike ezibalulekile.

• Isizathu: Uthole emihlanu phezulu, ngoba Kuyaziwa sifundo. Ngenxa yokuthi lokushisa air idlula umkhawulo kuvunyelwe, esikoleni kukhanselwe.
• Target: Arseny ebona Katya. Ukuze zikhule izinkukhu kudingeka amakhono kanye nokunakekela.
• Isikhathi: It is hhayi acime umlilo eziko, ngeke zibulawe indlala noma kubanda. Barely usule inkungu, Gabriel wabona ogwini. Selokhu kwesokunxele, asizange bayihlole le gumbi.
• Okunemibandela: Ngizokwenza, uma ungasiza. Sicela, uma yendlu iyoba.
• Ukuqhathanisa: Wabona zonke benamaphutha njengathi uma ngokusebenzisa khulu. Ngithanda kusuka inkungu emehlweni akhe.
• Izjasnitelnyh: Okhokho bethu babecabanga ukuthi umhlaba uhlezi phezu yizinsika ezintathu.
• Concessive: Wayengumuntu beshesha, nakuba amancane.
• Imiphumela: Wena wenza isiqunto, ngakho ungabi angry.

Izici Izinyunyana isipelingi

Isipelingi Izinyunyana (bondzaweni, izinhlayiya) nililalele ojwayelekile - abakwazi kudidaniswe imiklamo ukuthi sihlanganise titfo tenkhulumo zibhaliswe ne bondzaweni noma izinhlayiyana.

• Izinyunyana, futhi, njengoba, kodwa ukubhala izwi labalinye lokuthi: "Ngangisemzini ezisheshayo UNina, yena, futhi, wayelinde emhlanganweni." "Yena agxume esuka emlilweni, ukuze singathwesi bashe." "Ngokwakhe ukudala nzima, kodwa ohloniphekile."
• Izabizwana izinhlayiya eceleni bhala: "Kwakuwusuku ingubo efanayo, lapho wadlala Chopin." "Othandekayo wami, besiyoba yini ngaphandle kwakho!" "Beris kuphela ibhizinisi, kunoma iyiphi umqondo."

kuyizinhlayiyana

Kulesi wenkonzo titfo tenkhulumo, kukhona imisebenzi emibili. It okokuqala wethula shades entsha okusho e izwi, futhi okwesibili, kwakha indlela entsha amazwi. Ngakho, izinhlayiya zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili.

Ekubumbeni izinhlayiya enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise kwesenzo uhlale kuphoqelekile futhi ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile. Yilawa amazwi woza, ngibe, njll Izibonelo. "Ake umculo Kugqashuka!" "Ngingathanda ukuba abone umuzi."

izinhlayiya semantic ukunikeza ezihlukile yamagama lucebe nemisho. Eza amafomu eziningana.

• Negative: Wayengekhona hero inoveli yami. Angizange kube ukuthi akaqondile ukukucasula.
• Umbuzo: Ingabe kuyiqiniso obaziyo Napoleon? Ingabe eminye - evulekile?
• Lokumemeza: Yini izwi! Yeka ukuthi lithandeka kanjani!
• Ekhomba: Lesi simila akuyona bazithela isikhathi eside. Nangu eza uthisha wethu.
• Ukucacisa: Kuyinto amazwi akho. Le ntombazane - ububanzi unwele sika Arishka yethu.
• Ukuqinisa: UPawulu wacabanga ngamathuba ke, waba wamthanda isikhathi eside. Ngisho ezinsukwini zika yithemba enkulu kithi inhlansi efudumele sethemba.
• Nge ukubaluleka ukungabaza: Maestro akunakwenzeka ukudlala namuhla.
• Eqine-secretory: Futhi lokho uzokwazi komkhathi usadbe-! Yonke indawo kwaba ethule, kodwa Grove kancane rustled amaqabunga.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukudida kuyizinhlayiyana incazelo nonomusa nge postfix -okungukuthi ukwakha tabito nanini. Qhathanisa: thina sikanye nawe ukwazi owayeseqenjini umkhumbi (i-kuyizinhlayiyana). Lapho kubalulekile ukuba uqale (Isijobelelo).

kucacisa imininingwane

Sizobheka ekutheni kukhona kuyizinhlayiyana okuningi ezahlukene njengezaba zokwenza njengoba inyunyana njengoba. Isabizwana ngolimi Russian akuyona, nezinhlayiya futhi njengoba inyunyana zinemisebenzi eyahlukene zibuye ukubaluleka, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje ngamunye icala ezahlukene inkonzo titfo tenkhulumo. izibonelo:

• , Zazinjani fair fresh indlela rose! (Lokumemeza kuyizinhlayiyana lingavumelani).
• Ngafunda ebabayo izigqila (izjasnitelnyh Union).
• I kitten kwaba abamnyama upholishi wezicathulo (Comparative Union).

Masingabi udidekile

Sithole ukuthi indima kanye nezici isipelingi esemthethweni amazwi. Sinenkosi e ovamile uwukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuyize ngaphandle ezingxenyeni okuzisholo yokukhuluma, ngakho ungagxambukeli ngaphakathi FIKE mbundu izihlanganiso, izivumelwano izabizwana, izinhlayiya, bondzaweni, tandziso, kanye nezinye izingxenye zenkulumo.