Bone china. Ake jwayelana

Uma izakhiwo - is eliqoshwe umculo rock, le zobumba - kungenzeka unyezi eqandisiwe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi zobumba yasungulwa eChina ekhulwini VI. Imfihlo ukukhiqizwa yayo akuvunyelwe kuqashelwe ukuze ukubonwa ngekhulu XVI eJapane ayaqala ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efana Chinese. Zobumba yokwakheka mass zobumba sehlukaniswe kanzima futhi ezithambile. Futhi uhlobo isixhumanisi phakathi kwazo china ithambo. Lolu hlobo eliyigugu zobumba ubizwa nangokuthi "igolide white". Futhi akusiwona intengo nje noma ukukhiqizwa esiyingqayizivele. Imikhiqizo ezenziwe kwalo akunakubangelwa imisebenzi yobuciko, aphelele isimo sawo futhi ifomu.

Umlando yokuzalwa

Kubuka emhlophe, ephethe touch obucayi ubisi Baked, cishe esobala isimangaliso ziyaqothuka kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi zobumba kokuqendwa yenzelwa ezingeni lokushisa 1250 degrees, glaze sisetshenziswa wadubula futhi, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa-degrees 100. Okokuqala ithambo china yasungulwa eNgilandi phakathi nekhulu XVIII efektri Dzhoshua Vedzhvuda. Iminyaka eminingi ayitholwa lapho kuvezwa it is owned by England. Imfihlo liqukethe iqiniso lokuthi slurry lukaKhisimusi zobumba (ingxube kaolin, feldspar futhi asebenza ngebhethri) ingezwe ku-50 amaphesenti wokushiswa bone kokudla. Lapha kuba into futhi wanikeza emangalisayo imikhiqizo izici: ukudlala, Translations, olubushelelezi futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa amathambo umlotha kwakudingeka kulungiswe ngendlela ekhethekile ethanjeni china isibe ketshezi oluyigugu, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma okuyinto ngakho Awuvikela ngomhawu British. Ngenhlanhla, zonke izimfihlo qiniseka waziwa. Zobumba Ikhishwa eNgilandi, yanqoba Europe, bese-Asia. Kuyindida ukuthi bone china China waqala ukusebenzisa cishe kuwo wonke amanye amazwe kamuva.

Conquest of Russia

ERussia, kodwa phakathi no-ukukhiqizwa majolica XVIII leminyaka yasungulwa. imikhiqizo Massive majolica akuzona eliphansi in izinga kuya European. Dala ukukhiqizwa zobumba eRussia wayesafuna uPetru mina, yamyala ukuba bafunde imfihlo yokwenza zobumba e Meissen. Lo mzamo uhlulekile. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1724, i-zobumba ifektri yomthengisi Grebenshchikov, futhi kamuva Petersburg womshini bacale kutfutfukisa inqubo yawo ukukhiqizwa. Petersburg, ngo 1744, yasungulwa by Lomonosov, kunjalo -Imperial, zobumba kwemboni, owawungumnyaka lokuqala eRussia ukwenziwa zobumba. Kuyinto lapha iNdlovukazi Elizabeth isinemfu ekhiqizwa, bese izinto ezinkulu: isitsha sezimbali, izitsha kanye ekugcineni onodoli. Imikhiqizo Lomonosov Porcelain Factory (LFZ) Quality kancane wawungaphansi Chinese, kodwa babengesibo ishibhile. Futhi iyini ithambo china? Waqale ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi Lomonosov Porcelain Factory ngo-1969 kuphela. umkhiqizo wokuqala waseRussia kulokhu kwaziswa ayenakho indebe. On ukuthuthukiswa kadokotela wathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili, kodwa Bone China LPF ukuthola izinga English, izacile, mhlophe futhi esobala ngaphezulu. Ukuze ukusungula kwakhe indlela izazi isitshalo baklonyeliswa USSR State Prize. Futhi kuze kube manje i-Lomonosov Porcelain Factory - kuphela umkhiqizi Russian ayigugu ithambo china.

esikhundleni, Unqekuzisa ikhanda

Ukuthandwa zobumba emhlabeni kunqunywa impahla yayo: ubuhle, ubuhle, ezihlukahlukene amafomu, palette umbala. Zobumba azigcina ukushisa isikhathi eside, noma iyiphi ingaphakathi ukuhlobisa imifanekiso yezinto zokudlala, isitsha sezimbali, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu. yobuciko Peerless ethanjeni china - uhlobo sokushaya ikhadi yeRussia. Banikwa ukuba nezikhulu ezinezikhundla eziphezulu, ukuqoqa, wafaka iminyuziyamu, bona kuhlobisa izigodlo nezingadi ekhaya ethokomele.