Nokugula ngengqondo nesimilo. A uphawu isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Umqondo "nokugula ngengqondo nesimilo" libhekisela inqwaba izimo ezihlukahlukene sokugembula. Ukubukeka, inkambo kanye umphumela lokwephulwa ngokuyinhloko ezimele ithonya izici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ukuze uqonde okushiwo isifo - isifo sengqondo, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele izimpawu eziyisisekelo kwezinso. Kamuva esihlokweni Uzonikezwa syndromes ethandwa kakhulu echazwe zemidwebo yomtholampilo, isici.

Uhlolojikelele

Ucwaningo we isigaba okukhulunywa waziphatha wezifo zengqondo. Sifo kusekelwe izici ezihlukahlukene. Lolu cwaningo ngokuvamile iqala kokwethula isimo Jikelele sokugembula. It ke uhlola wezifo zengqondo yangasese. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla yenziwa emva ukuxilongwa okujuli- esiguli, ukuhlonza izimbangela ukuthi kwabangela isimo. Ngokusekelwe kulezi idatha ekhethiwe ukwelashwa oyifunayo.

amaqembu pathologies

Ngokulinganayo endogenous ezibalulekile (yangaphakathi) kanye exogenous (angaphandle) izici. Ngenxa yalezi nokunye ukwephulwa noma, kwehlukile. Ngokusekelwe lokhu, eqinisweni, eyenziwa Ukwahlukaniswa okuthile engqondweni. Ngakho, amaqembu amabili abanzi pathologies imele - endogenous futhi exogenous. Lesi sakamuva kumele disorder cuphuluza izici psychogenic, exogenous-organic ubuchopho (semithambo, kuyashaqisa, esithathelanayo) ukunqotshwa ezihlobene pathologies ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. Schizophrenia, retardation engqondo - kukhona okuthile engqondweni endogenous. Uhlu lezi pathologies Ungaqhubeka futhi uthi affective, senesopatiyami, hypochondria.

Ukwehlukanisa omsakazo

Lokhu kungenye indlela yokwahlukanisa. Ngokusho kwakhe, kusukela iziyaluyalu organic futhi zisebenza kahle. Esimweni sokuqala kukhona ushintsho sokugembula e isakhiwo ingqondo. isisekelo yokwakheka bokuphila engakaze isungulwe izifo sokusebenza. Alzheimer a zokugula okuhlobene cerebral iziyaluyalu semithambo, ukulimala ekhanda ezisuka kusukela uthi ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo noma ngenxa intoxications (isib delirium tremens) - kukhona okuthile engqondweni organic. Uhlu pathologies obusebenzayo bakha iziyaluyalu ubuntu, neurosis, imizwa yethu ishintshashintsha. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa futhi kwengqondo senile, ukusangana.

Lesi sigaba ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo

Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani uhlamvu has eyodwa noma enye uphawu isifo sengqondo, lingelikaJehova esisodwa sezigaba ekhona. Ikakhulukazi, nezifo zengqondo angawodwa. Neurotic ngokuthi isifo sengqondo hhayi ngaphandle ingqondo. Ziyakwazi usondele ezingeni elivamile nokuzwakala. Kanti futhi wabhekisela nokugula ngengqondo njengoba emnceleni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu zabo kukhona ukulawuleka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela ezinkulu. Kukhona iqembu kwengqondo. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo ezihilela ukwephulwa of Ukucabanga esashiwo uhlamvu, umbhedo, ushintsho okuqonda, a retardation abukhali noma ukuyaluza, ukuhhema, ukuziphatha okungalungile, nokunye. Kulokhu, isiguli ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokoqobo kulokhu okwenzeka kubo. Ngokulandelako, cabangela ezinye izici nokugula ngengqondo ezihlukahlukene.

asthenic syndrome

Lesi isimo lalivamile. Uphawu oyinhloko isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo - ukukhathala. Umuntu uzizwa kwehle ukusebenza, lo ukuzithumela kwezinye izindawo nokufa yangaphakathi. Abantu abaphethwe nokuphazamiseka engqondweni, ungase iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Asthenia, isibonelo, basuke libhekene ukuzwa, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho yokuzizwa, tearfulness, umzwelo. Abantu abanjalo lula kakhulu ukuhambisa, bangakwazi ngokushesha alahlekelwe ukuzithiba ngoba izinto ezincane. Ngu uqobo, ukukhathala ingaba njengesihluthulelo uphawu lokugula ngengqondo, esihambisana naleli bhokisi, yena, izimo ngemva izilonda ezithathelwanayo ezinzima, imisebenzi kanye nokunye.

obsessions

Lezi zihlanganisa izimo ezinjalo lapho ngaphandle izovela ezinye ukwesaba, imicabango, ukungabaza. Abantu ezinokuphazamiseka engqondweni yalolu hlobo ukuthatha zonke lezi ukubonakaliswa like siqu. Iziguli azikwazi ukuqeda ngawo, naphezu isimo sengqondo kunalokho ezibucayi kibo. A ukungabaza - uphawu ezivame kakhulu yezifo zengqondo yalolu hlobo. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu angase ngokuphindaphindiwe uhlole ukuthi yena ukhubaze ukukhanya uma umnyango uvaliwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uyahamba ekhaya, azizwa labo ukungabaza futhi. Ngokuphathelene ukwesaba esilawulayo - zokwesaba, kuba yokwesaba wandile into ephakeme nje, ezivulekile noma isikhala afakiwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze ukuzola kancane, ususe ukucindezeleka yangaphakathi nokukhathazeka, abantu benze izenzo ezithile - "nezinto ezifana namasiko". Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu asaba konke ukungcoliswa, singageza izandla zabo izikhathi eziningana, noma ahlale amahora egumbini lokugezela. Uma into yayo ubuthikamezekile inqubo, kuyobe ukuqala inqubo futhi.

isimo affective

Ziyakwazi lalivamile. Sibonakalise uthi anjalo izinguquko ziphikelele kwemizwelo, ngokuvamile ukwehla yayo - ukucindezeleka. Ngokuvamile uthi affective ebonwe kusaqalwa lokugula ngengqondo. Izimpawu abanazo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni kulo lonke isifo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kaningi basuke inkimbinkimbi, futhi uhamba iziyaluyalu acute engqondo.

ukucindezeleka

Izimpawu eyinhloko kulesi simo kucatshangwa eziya ziba zimbi yokuzizwa, imizwa zokucindezeleka ukubukeka, zokudabuka, isifo. Kwezinye izimo, umuntu ngokwenyama uzizwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukusinda. Lesi simo kubuhlungu kakhulu. It kuhambisana ukwehla umsebenzi ngokwengqondo. Man kulesi sifundazwe akazange asheshe aphendule imibuzo, inika emifushane, ngetimphendvulo letimfisha. Ukhuluma kahle, kancane. Esikhathini esiningi abantu nokucindezeleka bethi nzima yokuqonda lokho okushiwo yinkulumo umbhalo umbuzo, esekhala ukukhohlwa. Abakwazi ukwenza izinqumo, switch kubi kusukela umsebenzi eyodwa kuya kwenye. Abasebenzisi bangase bakhathale, ubuthakathaka, ukukhuluma mayelana ukukhathala. Movement of ukuqina kanye kancane. Ngaphezu lezi zimpawu, ukucindezeleka kuhambisana imizwa yecala, isono, yithemba, ukungabi nathemba. It uvame ukuhambisana imizamo yokuzibulala. Ezinye impumuzo impilo singenzeka kunoma kusihlwa. Njengoba sokulala ke ukucindezeleka kuba eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, nge ucabangana ekuseni, ngamaphupho abakhathazekile, ngakanye. Ukucindezeleka kungase kuhambisane tachycardia, ukujuluka, uzizwa abandayo, imfiva, ukuqunjelwa, kwesisindo.

mania

Mania manifest ngesivinini womsebenzi engqondo. Kubantu, kukhona omningi imicabango, izifiso, izinhlelo ezahlukene, imibono, kukhuphuke ukuzethemba. Ngesikhathi isimo efanayo ngesikhathi ukucindezeleka, izinkinga zokulala ibhalwe. Abantu ezinokuphazamiseka engqondweni ukwenama ukulala kancane kakhulu, Nokho, isikhathi esifushane esanele uzizwe ukhululekile futhi waqabuleka. Ngo-mania kancane ezinzima, umuntu azizwa kuyanda zamabutho lokudala, eqinisa ukusebenza yengqondo ebhaliwe, ithoni anda kanye nokusebenza. Angaba Ubuthongo obuncane kakhulu futhi eziningi emsebenzini. Uma isimo siqhubeka, kuba kakhulu, izimpawu enamathiselwe lezi ukugxilisa ingqondo, distractibility, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa umkhiqizo.

Sinestopatii

Lezi iinkhathi zinezikhathi emizweni ezihlukene kakhulu futhi engavamile emzimbeni. Ikakhulukazi, kungase evutha, ukuluma, ukusikwa, torsion, nokunye. Zonke lokhu kubonakaliswa kungukuthi ezihlobene kwezinso kwezitho zangaphakathi. Lapho echaza le mizwa, iziguli kaningi zisebenzisa definition yabo "sengiprofethile ngaphansi izimbambo", "kwabonakala ukuthi ikhanda off" nokunye.

hypochondriasis

It libhekene ukukhathazeka eziphikelelayo nempilo yabo engozini. Indoda haunted by umbono wokuthi kunezindlela ezingathí sina, enenqubekela phambili futhi cishe isifo esingalapheki. Iziguli abeke lapho izikhalazo ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo, emelela emizweni abavamile noma evamile njengoba kubonakaliswa isifo. Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu dissuasion odokotela, imiphumela yokuhlolwa omubi, abantu ukuvakashela njalo ochwepheshe sigcizelele ukuthi sibe okwengeziwe, ngo-ejulile izifundo ezingaphezu. Ngokuvamile uthi hypochondriacal avele ngemuva zokucindezeleka.

ukukhohlisa

Lapho zivela umuntu uqala ukuba ngiziqonde izinto engalungile - ifomu ukushintshwa. Illusions kungase kuhambisane umuntu enesimo kahle engqondweni. Ngokwesibonelo, ukushintsha isihloko kungabonwa, uma yeka ke emanzini. Ngokuphathelene nesimo sokugembula, inkohliso singenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya zokwesaba noma zokukhathazeka. Ngokwesibonelo, ehlathini ebusuku umuntu babone izihlahla njengoba monster.

ukusangana

Ikhonza njengabameleli uphawu eziphikelelayo izifo eziningi engqondo. Ukusangana kungenzeka sokuzwa, ethintekayo, gustatory, olfactory, ezibukwayo, imisipha nokunye. Kaningi kukhona inhlanganisela yako. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukungakhathazeki kuphela zibona abantu ezingabazi egumbini, kodwa futhi ukuzwa ingxoxo yabo. Verbal ukusangana iziguli ngokuthi "izwi." Bangase babe wokuqukethwe ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kube nje isichotho umuntu ngegama noma lonke imisho, mpendulwano noma monologues. Kwezinye izimo, lo "amazwi" babe uhlamvu ibalulekile. Zibizwa ngokuthi "umyalo ukusangana". Umuntu ongezwa ukuze ababulale, ukuba bathule, ibangela nokuzilimaza. izimo ezinjalo eziyingozi hhayi kuphela ngqo isiguli, kodwa futhi abantu ayephakathi kwabo. ukusangana Visual kungenzeka neziqinile noma eziyisisekelo (njengoba izinhlansi, isibonelo). Kwezinye izimo, isiguli angabona yonke yesehlakalo. ukusangana olfactory kukhona lokujabulela iphunga (abolile, abanye ukudla, inkohlakalo), yimbi noma abantu ongabazi.

delirium

Lesi sifo, ngokusho kongoti abaningi, phakathi izimpawu eyinhloko sengqondo. Kunzima ngempela ukuthi liyini umbhedo. Iziphetho odokotela uma silinganisa nesimo sesiguli kunalokho eziphikisa. Kukhona ezinye izimpawu delirium. Okokuqala, njalo ivela ngesisekelo ezibuhlungu. Brad defies ukuvimba noma ayalwe ngaphandle, naphezu ukuphikisana sasivumela abukhali nesenzakalo esingokoqobo. Le ndoda ngokuphelele ayeqiniseka iqiniso imicabango yakhe. At inhliziyo delirium izahlulelo eyiphutha, iziphetho ezingafanele, izinkolelo zamanga. Lezi imicabango zisho okuthile okubalulekile isiguli, ngakhoke ngezinga elithile ukucacisa ukuziphatha yayo nangezenzo. Delusions zingahlanganiswa:

• ukuchayeka, ubuthi, ushushiso, umhawu, ubuthakathi, ukulimala impahla;
• kuphika, hypochondria, ukuzibeka icala, self-ukuthotshiswa;
• Erotica nokunye.

disorder kokudumazeka libhekene ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho, eyakhululwa delirium Interpretive. Le ndoda kuleli cala njengoba ubufakazi ukusetshenziswa incazelo eyodwa emaceleni ngamaqiniso izenzakalo zansuku zonke. Lesi sifo ubhekwa ngempela eziphikelelayo. Kulokhu, isiguli kuyaphazamiseka kuveza ubuhlobo esiyimbangela phakathi izenzakalo nezimo. Le ndlela delirium kuhlale inkolelo. Isiguli kungaba into engachazeki ukufakazela xoxa, phikisana. Okuqukethwe Interpretive delirium zonke ngokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nemizwa umuntu kungenziwa kubonakala. Olunye uhlobo lesi sifo kungaba ngokuqiniseka okwenyanga noma inkanuko. umbhedo okunjalo kuvela ngesisekelo wokukhathazeka nokwesaba, thuthuva ukwazi, ukusangana. Kulokhu, akukho izakhiwo okunengqondo, ubufakazi; "Crazy" indlela umuntu ubona konke emhlabeni.

Derealization futhi depersonalization

Lesi senzakalo ngokuvamile sibandulele ukuthuthukiswa delirium sezinzwa. Derealization kuyinto umuzwa ushintsho emhlabeni. Konke emhlabeni umuntu ubona ngokuthi "ngiyaphupha", "I ngezifiso", "wokufakelwa". Depersonalization ukubonwa ngomqondo ekushintsheni ubuntu babo. Iziguli bazichanza ngokuthi "ekuphoxekeni", "walahlekelwa umuzwa ukugcwala," "poglupevshih".

syndromes catatonic

Lezi zimo nobuntu ezindaweni motor wokukhungatheka: stupor, ukudideka noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, injabulo. Kulo mBhalo kukhona Ukuphinda, unfocused, abanye ukunyakaza kunezinxushunxushu. Nokho, bangase ephelezelwa ukumemeza amazwi ngabanye noma kwemifanekiso noma ngokumane athule. Isiguli ongema sesimweni ungakhululekile futhi okungajwayelekile, isib, ephakamisa umlenze, nengalo eyeluliweyo futhi baphakamisé ikhanda lakhe kusukela umcamelo. syndromes Catatonic nazo kuphawulwe ku isizinda ukwazi ecacile. Lokhu kubonisa a kobukhulu enkulu ngalesi sifo. Uma ahambisana Ukufiphala ukwazi, ukuze kamuva sikhulume mayelana umphumela omuhle lesi sifo.

komqondo

Ibizwa ngokuthi komqondo. Dementia kubonakala Ukuwohloka ezijulile wonke umsebenzi engqondo, ukwehla ephikelelayo imisebenzi bokusungula. Against ngemuva komqondo siya siba sibi kakhulu, futhi ezimweni eziningi balahlekelwa ngokuphelele ikhono lokwamukela ulwazi olusha. Le ndoda ne nezimo eziphukile ekuphileni.

stupor

iziphazamiso ezinjalo lungase lubonwe hhayi kuphela e alienations, kodwa futhi in iziguli ezinzima zokugula ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. Isiyezi libhekene nobunzima bezibona, aphuke izibopho nezwe elingaphandle. Iziguli jikisa Kungenzeka ungaqondi okwenzekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, i- bekanye nabanye abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kahle ngamakhasimende ngesikhathi, self, esimweni esithile. Abantu abakwazi ngokunengqondo ukucabanga ngendlela efanele. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona incoherence yokucabanga.