Cargo indiza. Endizeni enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke wezimpahla indiza zaklama futhi zakha izindawo e-USSR. incazelo yalo olunemininingwane ethe xaxa Uyoletha ekupheleni isibuyekezo. Indiza kungathatha off thwi, kokwehla, hambisa futhi siqhubekele nge umthwalo omkhulu buqamama. Ngezansi ungafunda mayelana imishini eziningana ukuthi ahlelwe njengoba endizeni esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Mi-10 yokunyathelisa-iphiko umshini

Idivayisi ezokuthutha Soviet, olwakhiwa kusukela ngo-1961 kuya ku-1964. It kungokwalabo isigaba izimoto zempi, yakhelwe ngesisekelo phambilini Mi-6. Beka ukusebenza ngo-1963. Umkhawulo ukubaluleka ephakamisa imishini amathani angu-15. Isisindo imoto angenalutho cishe kabili eliphezulu njengoba ngesivinini esiphezulu - 235 ngehora.

I ezibucayi ukusuka isisindo - 43,7 t igama lakhe lesibili -. "Flying crane". Esikebheni kwakuneqembu liqukethe abagibeli amabili nesishiyagalombili futhi yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko kokuthutha ezicitshwayo ballistic.

"Sikorsky CH-53E»

Lokhu ukuguqulwa kuyinto ukushayela izindiza zokuthutha impahla esindayo, okuyinto kubhekwa rotorcraft ngobukhulu eyakhelwe eMelika. Lokhu injongo yokuqala - lokufeza imisebenzi ekhethekile asemanzini. Nokho, kamuva endizeni wezimpahla Sikorsky CH-53E zaqala ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa wazibonakalisa umshini onokwethenjelwa futhi ngempumelelo ngesivinini.

Iyunithi enkonzweni nge emazweni amaningana, kuhlanganise neJalimane, US, Mexico futhi Israyeli. Inombolo ephelele ekhishiwe ezingaphezu kuka-520 imishini yalolu chungechunge. Linganisa Take-off isisindo amathani 19, ngesilinganiso esiphezulu isivinini - 315 amakhilomitha ngehora, isisindo entweni engenalutho - 10.7 m.

"Boeing MH-47E Chinook» futhi Bell AH-1 "Super Cobra"

MH imodeli ingenye ukwahlukahlukana US zokuthutha impahla yempi enophephela emhlane, wenza ngesisekelo CH-47C. Iyasebenza kusukela ngo-1991. Inesisindo amathani angaphezu kwangu-10, has a isivinini phezulu phezu 310 km / h futhi kubhekwa omunye esheshayo ezinophephela emhlane amakhophi emhlabeni. It uyaqhubeka ingasetshenziswa kakhulu emazweni athile namuhla.

"Super Cobra" - uhlobo twin-engined ukulwa American ezinophephela emhlane, isisekelo owawungumnyaka eyandulela yochungechunge AH-evikini elingu-1. Ukuguqulwa main yesiteleka amandla wase-United States-Marine. Isivinini semoto embundwini 350 amakhilomitha ngehora, isisindo sawo - cishe 5 amathani uma ingenalutho, nokwesithathu ngaphezulu uma ifakwe ngokugcwele.

Hughes XH-17 wezimpahla indiza

Le yunithi Yakhiwa emuva ngo-1952. Ngaleso sikhathi sasibhekwa kakhulu ezisindayo (amathani 19.7). Lokhu crane flying esetshenziselwa ephakamisa ahambise imithwalo esindayo ukumiswa emsebenzini zangaphandle. Khishiwe iyunithi kuphela ngokutholakala nekhophi eyodwa indiza yokuhlola yakhe wathatha indawo Culver City (CA). isivinini Reserve - 145 ngehora. Kuze kube manje, lo imoto ophethe irekhodi ubukhulu ubukhulu Rotor ka 36,9 amamitha.

"Sikorsky CH-54 Tarhe»

Heavy ezokuthutha enophephela emhlane kulolu chungechunge lenzelwa US Army. Wenza eziningi imisebenzi ngesikhathi somkhankaso Vietnam. Kuyoze kube phakade 105 imishini lokhu ukuguqulwa wadedelwa. Iyunithi ophethe irekhodi ukuphakama esiphezulu displacement ovundlile (11 amakhilomitha) futhi kuyanda ngokomoya iningi amakhilomitha bebathathu nesishiyagalolunye. Isisindo sayo - amathani 9, ijubane esiphezulu - 240 km / h. Ezibucayi ukusuka isisindo 21 ithani. Ngezenzo esetshenziswa amabutho emazweni ahlukahlukene.

Mi-24

Cargo ezinophephela emhlane Russia le ukuguqulwa iklanyelwe ukusekela amasosha emhlabathini ukuze adlulisele imithwalo esindayo. Esikebheni kwakuneqembu kungathatha ukuze abagibeli abayisishiyagalombili, singabali pair of abashayeli bezindiza. Umshini ubhekwa ngowokuqala e-Europe kanye yesibili emhlabeni, lenye ezikhethekile ukulwa rotorcraft ubuchwepheshe. I Mi-24 enkonzweni nge amazwe cishe amathathu.

Amagama abo olungekho emthethweni ( "Gal", "Ingwenya", "i-Glass") idivayisi lithole ngesikhathi somkhankaso Afghan. isidlaliso Kugcine wanamathela emva kwakhe sibonga flat ingilazi ifasitelana, okuyinto ifakwe engxenyeni engaphandle ye-gumbi. Linganisa indiza isisindo - amathani 11.1 isivinini embundwini - 335 ngehora. iyunithi ezingenalutho ukala 7.5 tonnes.

I-MI-6

Indiza has a ukusebenza nesizotha more ngaphandle Mi-10 yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinjongweni civil nezempi. Helicopter indiza yokuhlola ehlobo lika-1957. amakhophi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu zavezwa kuze 1972. Umkhawulo duty rate kuyinto amathani 12. Ngaleso sikhathi elalibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe sithunywa kakhulu futhi fast rotary-lendiza kokuba ngesivinini esiphezulu amakhilomitha ngehora 300. Linganisa ukusuka isisindo - amathani 42,5, kanye ezingenalutho isisindo imoto - amathani 27.2.

B-12 (Ni-12)

Kokulinganisa elikabili-screw indiza kuyinto imoto ngobukhulu ontanga emhlabeni wonke. Wayelethwa engabe ethutha imithwalo enesisindo ezingeqile kwezingama-30 wamathani, kuhlanganise hardware izinto InterContinental amasu ezicitshwayo ballistic. Ubude eyakhelwe imishini emibili ezinjalo, omunye wabo waphakamisa isisindo amathani 44,2 kuya ukuphakama ayizinkulungwane 2.2 amamitha. Isisindo kudivayisi ezingenalutho - amathani 69, esiphezulu ukusuka isisindo - amathani 105, futhi embundwini isivinini - 260 km / h. manje Ikhophi eyodwa isibe ucezu Museum, kanye nezinye ukhonza njengomdala eziyinkimbinkimbi embukisweni izimpikiswano Air Force.

irekhodi-full

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke wezimpahla indiza, okuyinto wafakwa ukukhiqizwa - iyona Mi-26. Cabangela izici zayo futhi ngokubheka imininingwane eminingi. Umshini lwenzelwe emuva ngeminyaka yoma ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Uhambo lokuqala luzoba lagcwaliseka ngo-1977 Injongo eyinhloko kulesi simiso - kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa abezempi nokusetshenziswa civil.

Modern Mi-26 yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko egatsheni impi, ungakwazi ukuthutha lenqwaba abagibeli futhi imithwalo esindayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ububanzi incane. Ngaphandle refueling kanye wezimpahla ngezinqola zempi egcwele fuel indiza uzisibekele amakhilomitha angaba ngamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili. Mayelana impressiveness umshini akhombise isayizi yayo. Ubude imoto elingamamitha angu-40, ububanzi we bendiza main - amamitha 32, kuyilapho ububanzi gumbi wezimpahla - 3.2 amamitha.

Izici Mi-26

Okubukwe wezimpahla indiza kunezinzuzo eziningana futhi kufanele credit wakhe amarekhodi eziningana usethe ngisho nangaphambi ukukhiqizwa yayo ye-serial. Ngo-1982, umshini wakwazi ukuhlula Isisindo amathani 25, ephakamisa ukuba ukuphakama amakhilomitha amane. Yonke isisindo unit zaba amathani angaphezu kwangu-56,5. Nine amarekhodi emhlabeni esabekwa umshayeli Irinoy Kopets. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-rotary lendiza nezisebenzi emkhunjini angayinqoba ubude umjikelezo, amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane ezimbili ngesikhathi nokuwela kwawo onqenqemeni eqinile Meteorological ngesivinini Cruising ka mayelana 280 km / h.

Mi-26 uyakwazi owawuthwele ezihlukahlukene izimoto ukulwa ogama isisindo ingeqi 20 wamathani. Iyalayisha imishini wenziwa khona ngaphansi kwamandla ayo ngokusebenzisa dweba misa, kokuba pair of kwemizwelo ukuvula enezinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indiza angazamukela amabutho 80 noma 68 abantu paratroopers. Uma kudingeka, idivayisi kabusha ukuthutha abalimele ukwazi ukwamukela ohlakeni futhi ezintathu ohambisana abasebenzi bezokwelapha. Ububanzi iyatholakala ukwandisa indiza ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa ezengeziwe fuel amathangi ngqo kuleli gumbi engangikulo wezimpahla.

Amapharamitha we Mi-26 uhlelo yesondlo

Ngezansi kukhona main izici lobuchwepheshe endizeni:

• Usayizi eziveza / eziqondisa bendiza - 32 / 7.6 amamitha amabili ububanzi;
• inani izindwani phezu bendiza main - izingcezu eziyisishiyagalombili;
• ubude umshini - 40 amamitha;
• chassis (ithrekhi / isizinda) - 8.95 / 5 m;
• mass (min / Max / kunconyiwe) - 28 / 49,5 / 56 amathani;
• umthwalo umthamo Inkomba (in the cab / ku ukumiswa zangaphandle) - 20/20 m;
• obuphelele / ububanzi / ukuphakama isikhala wezimpahla - 12 / 3.2 / 3.1 m;
• iqembu - webantfu lababili nobe eziyisithupha (ekuphathweni ukumiswa yangaphandle);
• esiphezulu umgibeli umthamo - abantu abangu-80;
• powerplant - umusi amandla ophephela injini 11 400 amahhashi ngamunye;
• isivinini (Umkhawulo / sihamba) - 300/265 amakhilomitha ngehora;
• petrol - 3.1 t / h;
• amandla reserve at umthwalo obuyisilinganiselo 475 km.

Ceiling le indiza uyahluka 4.6 km ngesilinganiso Take-off isisindo amathani 49,6.

imishini

Ukuthuthukisa wezimpahla lempi indiza Mi-26, abaklami baye kunakwe amaphutha kanye ubuthakathaka models odlule. izinguquko advantageously babe emoyeni isibalo. Ngaphambi lezi zinto ukusetha ukuvikelwa uthuli, okwenza kube lula nihlanze ukugeleza amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa. Lesi sinqumo avunyelwe yamukelwa-off kusukela ezindaweni ezinothuli, ngaphandle kokuyekethisa injini ukusebenza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, siguqulwe ukulungisa amasayithi azidingi izinto ezengeziwe lapho izinsizakalo Mechanics umshini. Kalula yokulayisha athula khona, lunikezelwa umnikezeli pair of ukukhuphula ephakamisa umthamo 5000 kg. Futhi ungalungisa kummango ukulayisha esebenzisa drive wokubacindezela okuyinto zingalawulwa kusuka abanikeze asebenza nabo, egumbini wezimpahla noma ngaphandle endizeni. I onjiniyela ifakwe izindiza eduze amadivayisi lula ukulayisha imoto, noma ngokuqondile phansi.

Izinamathiseli Mi-26 Yenziwa nge ubuchwepheshe bamuva nokufeza lobuchwepheshe. Endizeni ifakwe radar sezulu sivuma ukuthi ukundiza, kungakhathaliseki izimo sezulu kanye nesikhathi sosuku. Le divayisi izici ukunemba okuphezulu, walimisa emva kwamaminithi ambalwa. Kukhona sasilokhu emithathu isiteshi abanikeze asebenza nabo, ukuxhumana ethuthukisiwe zokuqopha uhlelo nedatha yendiza.

yi

Cargo indiza Mi-26 ekhiqizwa kuze kube manje, futhi zonke sibonga ukusebenza kakhulu kanye ezingeni eziphakeme zokulondeka. Nokho, ukukhiqiza ngempela nesizotha, ngokuvamile izimoto ekhiqizwa ngaphansi oda ekhethekile. Iyunithi njalo iyathuthukiswa, ifakwe amadivaysi yesimanje futhi elihlangabezana nazo zonke namazinga omhlaba ekilasini yayo.