Cathedral of Palermo, Italy: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Cathedral of kweNyuka yoBongekayo iNcasakazi uMariya kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi Cathedral. Lena isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele, elakhiwa ngo Ephakathi futhi namanje kuthinta ezizungezile ubuhle baso nobuhle, phezu okuyinto ukudalwa basebenzile iSpanishi, Arabhu kanye Okugweda German futhi abadwebi. Isihloko ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe kuyini Cathedral Palermo. Incazelo isakhiwo kanye zalo ezikhangayo ingaphakathi kuyoba mnandi kubo bonke abathandi bokwakha.

ngomlando isakhiwo

Umlando Cathedral Palermo ine eminyakeni engaphezu kwengamakhulu nanhlanu. Kuleli qophelo ngekhulu lesine, isonto yethiwa ngokuthi umfel 'ukholo Mamiliana. Khona-ke labhujiswa izigangi, futhi esikhundleni laseTheotokos (e 604) lamiswao. Eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili kamuva, okungukuthi ngonyaka 831, ama-Arabhu ethumba Palermo, owaphenduka ethempelini ibe mosque ngoLwesihlanu. Lapho 1072 edolobheni kwafika Normans, isakhiwo kabusha christened e wokudumisa iNcasakazi.

Esikhathini esizayo, i-thempeli labhujiswa, washiya ikoloni kuvulandi eningizimu, elise ngakwesokunxele, kanye Crypt. Ngakho-ke, engxenyeni wangekhulu le-12 endaweni yayo yesibili lakha isakhiwo sokuhlala esisha - Cathedral. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isakhiwo saqala kancane kancane ukwandisa futhi ukwakhiwa ngokuphelele. It wadalwa eyisidalwa isonto emithathu kwethempeli ne apses ezintathu. Kodwa eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva into esiyibonisa ngezikhathi ezithile isakhiwo ezakhiwa tower ne ngisho naseminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, eningizimu-mpumalanga kwakukhona sacristy.

Ngesikhathi umsebenzi wokwakha sanqamuka. ukwakhiwa okuqhubekayo izakhiwo kuphela ekhulwini 14-16:

• 1342 - eyakhelwe emagumbini omane umbhoshongo;
• 1352 - kwakukhona portal Gothic ngasentshonalanga;
• iminyaka 1426-1430 - ukwakhiwa kuvulandi eningizimu, ehlotshiswe nemengamo ezicijile;
• Ngekhulu le-15 - ku bamisa engadini oluhlaza;
• 1575 - wakha balustrade ehlotshiswe eziqoshiwe yabangcwele.

Incazelo Cathedral Palermo

Kunomfanekiso ezinkulu isakhiwo kwavele ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho ukubukeka Cathedral Palermo (Italy) uye washintsha abalulekile, hhayi ngaphandle kuphela kodwa futhi ngaphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, Dome ongaphakeme esikhundleni ezibaziweyo ophahleni lokhuni ne sarcophagus yasebukhosini kanye ne-royal wakhonza ukudala "isikhumbuzo" zone. Lo mthombo, okwakuthatha zanda isikwele 1744, waba ehlotshiswe eziqoshiwe yabangcwele. Kule minyaka edlule, lapho ziye sangcwatshwa Roger II, amakhosi nababusi yendlu Gogentraufenov owakwakhe. Emakhulwini eminyaka 12-13 e Cathedral of wokugcotshwa wonke amakhosi Sicily.

Namuhla lombhishobhi akuyona kuphela Luhambo esemqoka yedolobha, okuyinto ihlose ukuthola zonke izivakashi. Libuye libe indawo ekwelapheni wonke ethembekile kuNkulunkulu. Lena isakhiwo emangalisayo ihlanganisa izici eyinhloko izitayela zakudala, Arabhu kanye Gothic.

North olungaphambili lwesonto ezikhangayo

North olungaphambili lwesonto Cathedral of Palermo Italy ubeqhakambisa zonke izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi nobude ukwakhiwa. Omunye Wawunezitshalo kakhulu enwetshiwe, bese wakha eduze eziyisikhombisa eceleni Izindlwana, okuyinto ahlotshiswe phezulu mini-domes. Ngenxa yalokho izisombululo yezakhiwo enyakatho kuvulandi adjoined e 1536, ihlanganiswe ne olungaphambili lwesonto ezivamile futhi ilahlekelwe injongo yayo yasekuqaleni.

South olungaphambili lwesonto lombhishobhi

Le ngxenye isakhiwo ngokukhethekile uye washintsha phakathi umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo. Uma ngaphambili lapho yayibuswa tincenye Gothic noNorman izisusa ngemva baba izici classical ngaphezulu. ukunakekelwa okukhethekile edonsela Dome ezinkulu, kuqiniswa empambana we-eksisi kwethempeli elikhulu futhi transept. It Ngokuphawulekayo ivelele kusukela domes ezincane side up ukuthi kuhlobisa Izindlwana hlangothi nakuloluya wabulawelwa isitayela Norman.

Futhi, kunezinto lapho kukhona izici Gothic: nemengamo zamanga zempi, umkhatsi zakudala esikhulu kancane ambalwa phezu Izindlwana, okwakubekelwa linamathele kweNdikimba kwethempeli, izintuba ewumngcingo amafasitela, kuvulandi nge nemengamo ezicijile namakholomu nokunye.

Ngaphakathi kuvulandi eyakhelwe portal, ehlotshiswe isithombe KaMose Virgin. Zombili lezi zinto - ke Gambari izandla. Ingxenye engaphakathi kuvulandi kunesihloko futhi ehlotshiswe zemabula zingcwecwe eziningi.

West olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo

Lena ingxenye eyinhloko lombhishobhi ukuthi amaphutha mgwaqo Via Bonello. portal kwalo entshonalanga lakhiwa 1352, futhi yomhlobiso wawo ubuswa isitayela Gothic. It is nokuntula ezimbili ezincane isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi. Ihlobise kubo mncane kakhulu stucco sculptural nge motifs abstract Islamic futhi ezimibalabala. Ngamunye kwemibhoshongo uqimba kukhona Arab-norman lwaleli namawindi, okuyinto ahlukaniswe isigamu ikholomu thwi emincane.

Olungaphambili lwesonto esempumalanga Cathedral

Le ngxenye izikhangibavakashi ejwayelekile Arab-norman isitayela. izakhi Bright in ukuklanywa emisebenzi amathathu olungaphambili lwesonto kukhona nemengamo zamanga, elicwengiweyo encrustation abstract futhi udaka tuff, imiklamo ezimibalabala, tine. Kuphela ngelesibili isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, okuyinto kwemibhoshongo twin ngasentshonalanga, lonke ilungiselelo lombhishobhi libukeka yomkhakha owodwa.

Ukwakhiwa sacristy futhi ulele ngesitayela Oriental. uqimba layo elingenhla siqukethe uchungechunge izimpumputhe amafasitela izintuba yayinamakhothamo, ehlotshisiwe ku imigqa phezulu amazinyo. Kusukela sacristy we umhlobiso kakhulu efana le nqaba ngempela.

Umbhoshongo isikhencezo yesonto

Umbhoshongo insimbi, elakhiwe Normans usenayo uhlobo inqaba. Njengoba ixhunywe lombhishobhi wakhomba nemengamo. Ekhulwini le-19, ingxenye engenhla emaphakathi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi kabusha, lapho usezuze Gothic. Ekhulwini lama-20 kwathiwa ethwele nesithombe Madonna.

Iningi izinsalela Cathedral bahlangana ohlangothini yesonto ka izinsalela, elisendaweni yezinto eningizimu. Nemagugu emasiko ohlwini zibhaliswe noma amandla izinsalela ukholo Oliva, Agatha, UNinfa, okuyinto ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-18, ohlonishwa njengomholi ongumvikeli edolobheni. Futhi lapha amanga izinsalela likaMariya Magdalena. Ukuze uthole lapha kusukela uhambo akunakwenzeka, njengoba ukufinyelela ihlanganisa Izinsimbi okukhulu.

Izinsalela St. Rosalia, okuyinto uJesu akabanga nje ongumvikeli Palermo, kodwa lonke Sicily, kukhona kwenye indlwana elibizwa ngegama lakhe. Kunalokho uye wathola indawo altare ezibalulekile ezenziwe Lapis lazuli. Chapel wayo yaqanjwa oNgcwele Mysteries.

Okunye ezikhangayo ngaphakathi lombhishobhi

Amasonto ababhishobhi futhi amasonto Palermo kungukuthi nje ukugcotshwa futhi sarcophagi ezaziwayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngekhulu le-18 esontweni lombhishobhi akwazi ukuqhuba ababecabanga yezinkanyezi. Kube heliometer obukhethekile zezinkanyezi, walondoloza ukuba izinsuku zethu. Uqinisile emini a Sunbeam ewela umfanekiso umlaza lapho ilanga manje.

Ngaphandle futhi ngaphakathi cishe njalo ujike kukhona eziqoshiwe ahlukahlukene - umsebenzi abaculi abadumile. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke is Virgin Baby elise yezinto enyakatho. It elimiswe 1469 Franchesko Laurana. Futhi, Cathedral kwabaningi kangaka usebenza Antonello Gadzhini.

I-altare yebandla Gothic. Nansi sobukhosi sombhishobhi, okuyinto kancane wakwazi ukugcina KaMose ngekhulu le-12. Esikhathini Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba esikhulu lombhishobhi ekhulwini 18-19 kwakukhona umjikelezo we nemidwebo etshela we Norman inkathi. Image lasinda ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni, lingaphelele.

Cathedral Palermo kuyinto ibhokisi eliyingqayizivele lokwakha, equkethe inqwaba imisebenzi eliyingqayizivele lobuciko amakhulu eminyaka ahlukene. Marble eziqoshiwe, imidwebo zamaciko adumile, imihlobiso yezakhiwo, ubucwebe emathuneni yasebukhosini, izinkomishi eziyigugu nokunye okuningi kungabonakala kule ndawo enhle.

Kanjani ukuze uthole Cathedral

Cathedral itholakala inhliziyo Palermo, ekutholeni ngakho ngeke kube nzima. Kusukela esiteshini sesitimela ukuhamba tour ithatha imizuzu 20 kuphela. Ungasebenzisa futhi amasevisi umshayeli wetekisi noma amakalishi.

Cathedral iminyango ivulekele izivakashi nsuku zonke. Kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu ungathola ngaphakathi amahora 8:30 18, futhi ngoMgqibelo nangeSonto - 11:00 kuya ku 18:00. Okuwukuphela kwesikhathi lapho izivakashi sinqatshiwe ukuvakashela esontweni lombhishobhi - mass. Phakathi nezinsuku, iqala at 7:30 nelesi- 18:00, futhi amaholide - at 8:45, 9:45, 11:00 no 18:00.

Ukuze uvakashele eziyinkimbinkimbi zenkolo, kudingeka zinakekele izingubo ezifanele: emahlombe yentiwe, naphezu sezulu ngaphandle. Lapho ngivakashele Cathedral of imali ngalezi zivakashi ungathathi. Kodwa manje ithuba ukubona yengcebo, asebukhosini kanye crypts bakhokhe ukuze athenge ithikithi. Intengo balo buyahluka kuye neminyaka engakanani izivakashi:

• izingane ezivela eminyakeni 11 kuya 17 Ukwamukelwa ubudala 5 euro;
• omdala kuyodingeka bakhokhe 7 euro.

Kubiza njengoba 2017 i ithikithi ihlanganiswe elikuvumela ukuba ubone yonke izinto. Uma ufuna, isibonelo, ukubona okuseduzane ithuna lasebukhosini kuphela, intengo yokungena zizoba ngaphansi.

Uma ufuna hhayi kuphela uthinte le nokuzwa yezakhiwo kanye namasiko enomlando omude, kodwa futhi ukuba abe umhlanganyeli ku isenzo engcwele, khona-ke kufanele beze Cathedral July 15th. Lolo suku iza iholidi Saint Rosalia. Ngobusuku obandulela umdlavuza nge izinsalela zalo luzakwenziwa abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-isonto, ukuze amakholwa babengaxhunyelelwa bakhulekele kuyo. Ngobusuku obulandelayo, umdlavuza ngokunyenya udwendwe emigwaqweni main of the city. Procession meet at iziphathimandla Piazza Villa Palermo ofundisa umqhele ongcwele rose izimbali. Lesi senzo ufanekisela futhi imele umhlangano edolobheni nge umxhasi.