Amachibi Ezingokwemvelo Kanye Nezenzo yokufakelwa we Krasnodar Territory. Sebenzisa nokuvikelwa zemizimba amanzi Krasnodar Territory

Krasnodar esifundeni kuyinto isihloko Russian Federation kusukela ngo-1937. Itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe futhi ingxenye Southern Federal District.

izinhlobo imizimba amanzi

Ukuze kudlule incazelo yamanzi amayunithi indawo ye Russian Federation, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi umqondo. Umzimba yamanzi - lena olwenzeka okwesikhashana noma unomphela amanzi, ageleza amile noma kwehliswa ayimigodi engokwemvelo noma yokufakelwa. Ukuze izilwandle nasolwandle, incazelo yaleli gama futhi osebenzayo, kodwa ngomqondo obanzi. Okwesikhashana kungenziwa ngokuthi oxbows futhi emaxhaphozini, okungukuthi, labo gidroobekty ezenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ngokuvamile in spring kanye ekwindla izikhukhula.

emaphethelweni imizimba amanzi

Ngu izinto njalo yalolu hlobo zihlanganisa amachibi, amachibi, amadamu kanye amachibi ethize Krasnodar Krai - zemifula. Amanzi zihlukaniswe yokufakelwa kanye zemvelo. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa amadamu, amadamu, amachibi okubhukuda.

Konke okungenhla ayatholakala ku gidroobekty Kuban, eziningi zazo ithatha Krasnodar esifundeni. Eningizimu-entshonalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga emaphethelweni ndawo wageza yi Black futhi Azov iziLwandle, ngokulandelana. Kuyinto amadamu ngobukhulu kwemvelo Krasnodar Territory.

Sea Krasnodar Territory

Emaphethelweni aleli esifundeni Black Sea kusukela eMfuleni Psou, ukukhonza komngcele Abkhazia Cape eTuzla. strait Kerch uxhuma ke oLwandle Azov, okuyinto ndawo izikhathi ezingu-11 kunabayeni oLwandle Olumnyama. Azov Sea - kolwandle kulencane Russia. Ezikhathini zasendulo yayibizwa ngokuthi Maeotis ixhaphozi.

Lezi amadamu Krasnodar esifundeni zihluke kakhulu nomunye. Ngakho, i-Sea ukujula esikhulu kunazo 2210 (2245) amamitha, kuyilapho Azov - 14. kuphela Amanzi phansi anosawoti omningi kakhulu futhi amamitha esingaphansi 200 ayegcwele hydrogen sulphide, kanti owesibili kuba ichibi yemvelo, desalinate emifuleni emikhulu - Don futhi Kuban, usawoti iqukethe kancane. Black Sea coast, embozwe ikakhulukazi amatshe, kuyilapho Azov - igobolondo idwala nesihlabathi. Futhi uma oLwandle Olumnyama kutholakala kuze kube 180 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu-, 40 okuyizinto nabezentengiselwano, Azov, kuze kube muva nje, kwathiwa ubhekwa abacebe sezinhlanzi kuleli zwe.

Elikhulu kunawo wonke angenasawoti echibini

Ngaphezu kwezilwandle kuya amachibi emvelo ezinkulu gidroobektam. Abrau Kardyvach futhi Psenodah - amanzi aqabulayo Krasnodar esifundeni yalolu hlobo. Elikhulu kunawo wonke angenasawoti echibini nkinga Krasnodar Krai Abrau kwesigubhu itholakala enhlonhlweni efanayo (Abrausky), km 14 kusuka Novorossiysk. Pond, omkhulu ngempela - nobude bawo 3100 amamitha, ububanzi - 630. I ukujula kwezinye izindawo ifinyelela 11 amamitha. endaweni Mirror kuyinto 0.6 amakhilomitha square. Mayelana nomsuka walo ososayensi phikisana - othile uyazicabangela Karst wakhe, umuntu - kwakhiwa ngenxa ye kumhambela. Kukhona iziphakamiso ukuthi leli chibi insali lasendulo Cimmerian angenasawoti pool. Leli chibi uhlanzekile kakhulu, njengoba kufakazelwa inani elikhulu izinkalankala ogwini. Ngaphandle kwalezi, itholakala lapha abrau sprat. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, ivaliwe echibini futhi uthululela kuwo, omunye emfuleni kuphela - Durso, kanye eminingi ukusakaza entabeni. Nokho, ngaphandle kungamanzi emvelo agelezayo, echibini esihlabathini. Angashoni futhi silts up, naphezu kwezinyathelo ezathathwa. Eduze kwalo kukhona ihlengethwa echibini elincane, kabani ukujula kuyinto 7 amamitha. It is ingashintshwa ukuze sisebenze izilwane zasolwandle - zakhelwe dolphinarium.

amagama ezithakazelisayo

Igama Krasnodar Territory kwamadamu okugcina amanzi, yilowo nalowo kubo umsindo enhle kakhulu futhi ongaqondakali futhi ngokuvamile zimbozwe ezinye izincazelo. Lake Abrau bese ugelezela emfuleni Durso, sibambene igama esifundeni esisemaphandleni abayohlanganiswa yetinsita amahle ngothando bangajabuli. Futhi igama kwesigubhu ngobukhulu Krasnodar Region, Lake Kardyvach, eyahunyushwa isuselwa Abaza ulimi ngokuthi "endaweni evulekile udonga."

echibini Kardyvach

Zonke amanzi Krasnodar Territory Kardyvach enhle uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi nechibi amaphupho. Kutholwe 44 km kusuka resort elidume umhlaba wonke ye Krasnaya Polyana manje elise endaweni engamamitha 1838 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, lokhu cishe njalo Echibini okusaqanda kuyinto uya khona intandokazi zezivakashi nabathandi ingxenye Biosphere Reserve. echibini livame ukubizwa esibukweni - kulo, ngaphandle amabhishi amahle, iqhwa-eneziqongo entabeni iphakama ziyabonakala.

Isuka wakhe emfuleni Mzimta iyona ende kunazo zonke imifula nemifudlana ithela kulo oLwandle Olumnyama. echibini ubude 500 metres, ububanzi - 360, i-ka-ukujula - 17 amamitha. Kumele wanezela ukuthi echibini itholakala emthambekeni ongaseningizimu Omkhulu eCaucasus Ukhahlamba, eshintsha umbala - kusukela Itshe elincane eliluhlaza eliyigugu entwasahlobo elikhanyayo ehlobo okwesibhakabhaka.

echibini Psenodah

Ngobukhulu itholakala endaweni engamamitha amamitha engaphezu kuka-1900 lake Lago-Naki ithafa - Psenodah. Ifomu ezithakazelisayo kwechibi - kufana ukumamatheka. Waters engajulile - hhayi imitha engaphezu kweyodwa (ukujula ngobukhulu ifinyelela 3 m). Ngokuthakazelisayo sechibini ngezikhathi, futhi ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesizathu, iphele bese kuyabuya. Futhi uma futhi ugcwele amanzi, lowo umbukwane Akumangalisi amahle - ezungezwe izimfunda nokuntula entabeni iphakama, ligcwele amanzi ecacile futhi ihlanzekile.

Okunye amachibi Krasnodar Territory

Kukhona usawoti amachibi, okuyinto akhiwa ngenxa kushaft anesihlabathi ahlukaniswe amanzi olwandle, eduze Black futhi Azov kwezilwandle. Ukwelapha ukungcola elise amachibi ezifana Hanski, futhi Golubickaya Salt, Chemburka Sudzhukskaya futhi esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. efanayo echibini okunosawoti ephulukisa udaka ise zone asemaqeleni - eduze Armavir Ubezhenskih kukhona namachibi amabili - ezincane nezinkulu.

Kukhona ezinye amachibi, efana Old Kuban, eyasungulwa kusukela embhedeni endala emfuleni Kuban. Ngokuthakazelisayo ke Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amanzi alo asetshenziswa lwaluyophola Krasnodar CHP. Futhi ulisebenzise ukuze izinhlanzi ukulima, futhi muva nje, ngenjongo yokuzijabulisa (ukubhukuda nokudoba zokungcebeleka).

Limani

amadamu Zemvelo Krasnodar esifundeni - liphinde kwaziswa ichibi yemvelo kanye amadamu uzamcolo, ngokuthi zemifula. Basuke sise soMfula Kuban futhi ihlanganisa indawo 1,300 square metres. km. ukujula yabo kuyahlukahluka kusuka 0.5 kuya 2.5 amamitha. Zenzeka ngenxa izinqubo kumiswa endaweni ethekwini semifula emfuleni. Kwenzeka ngenxa imfundo Rakushechnaya kwamagoda ukuthi ebiyelwe off the bay kusukela izilwandle - i-Black futhi Azov. Iningi labo - ngezansi ezinye amagama imizimba amanzi Krasnodar Territory. Limani Akhtanizovskaya futhi Kiziltashsky, Yeisk, Beysugsky Kirpilsky futhi ubulokhu ibhekwa njengempophoma enkulu kunazo zonke. Yonke afanayo zemifula Kuban ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlelo ezintathu - Taman, Central kanye Ahtarsk-Grivenskuyu. Bona yokuhlangana njengomphakathi ichibi etholakala eduze zemifula ulwandle futhi kwimfunda - kude kuwo. Kukhona esifundazweni, futhi emaxhaphozini.

amadamu

amachibi Artificial of Krasnodar esifundeni emelelwa amadamu ezilandelayo - Atakayskim futhi Varnavinsky, Krasnodar futhi Kryukovskaya, Neverdjayevskaya futhi Shapsugsky.

10 kuphela amadamu akhiwe somfula Kuban e Krasnodar Territory. Elikhulu kunawo wonke hhayi nje kuphela esifundeni kodwa lonke eNyakatho eCaucasus iyona Krasnodar Reservoir wagcwalisa ngokuphelele ngamanzi wasungula ngo-1975. It kugingiwe kwaba lapha ngaphambili Tschikskoe kwesigubhu. Injongo lasungulwa kwaba ukulawula uzamcolo ku Kuban esezansi (ke ageleze ziyamaniswa nokungangeni ezifana White Kuban, Pshish, Marta, Apchas, Shunduk, Psekups) nelayisi kulinywe.

Ukuvikelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa

Sebenzisa nokuvikelwa zemizimba amanzi Krasnodar Territory kunesithembiso amasevisi eminyangweni kahulumeni ehlukahlukene. Ngakho, kwesigubhu isetshenziselwa ukugcina edingekayo amanzi ezingeni izici navigation. Zonke amachibi, ngaphandle usawoti, esetshenziswa ukunisela nge enganele umswakama ezindaweni, ukuqinisekisa Amasimu evamile uchelela, kuhlanganise irayisi.

Sihlala njalo ukuqapha isimo imizimba amanzi ngaphakathi kohlaka, lapho sanitary epidemiological kweso elibukhali. Isimo lizinga lemanti obaphawuleka 297 izibonelo zalokho amaphuzu. 42 zitholakala emanzini isigaba mina (yasekhaya alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi), 136 - II isigaba (ukubhukuda, ezemidlalo, amaholideyi womphakathi), 119 - III (yokudoba) isigaba. Kusukela ngo-May 15 kuya ekupheleni ehlobo samaholidi senziwa zonke izinsuku eziyishumi izinga amanzi nokwenganyelwa kwigumbi lokwenza ucwaningo. I unomphela umsebenzi ochazayo labantu phezu inadmissibility yokungcola amanzi.

imvelo ezimbi

isimo Ecological zemizimba amanzi Krasnodar Territory kunqunywa ngesisekelo ulwazi etholakale emizimbeni control. Singasho wawuthi izinkinga emaphethelweni amachibi yavama. Lezi zihlanganisa Ukuwohloka ngokwehla kwesibalo sezinhlanzi, nokwehliswa kwesithunzi imizimba amanzi - shallowing, siltation, izizalo zemifula overgrowth, waterlogging. ukuguguleka Coastal, esithweni ezisemadolobheni kungavunyelwe amanzi, ukungcoliswa imvelo enobuthi ezimbonini kanye kwazo imisebe zensimu nokuningi ngisho imiphumela nemvula ene-asidi. Ushintsho omkhulu kunayo yonke Krasnodar esifundeni iphutha ngenxa yamanzi futhi amakhemikhali sokufunwa, okuyinto kwaba nethonya elibi phezu izimo inhlabathi - ngenxa glut yayo 50% kukamanyolo chemical wageza emadanyini amanzi, okuyinto ayikwazanga kodwa nemiphumela ebuhlungu.