China Umlando In The End XIII B.

Ekusebenteni, ensimini ka eMongolia Manchuria babe ngaphansi koMbuso Yuan oluhluke ngokuphelele ezweni IsiShayina isakhiwo wangaphambili zokuphatha kanye nomphakathi. Mongolia kufana muzi: namanje eyayihlala izizwe-Mongolian. kumi Mongol bayibutho elikhulu kanye nokuphathwa eyenziwa Yuan indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, ogama yokuhlala kwaba Karakorum. EChina, kwakukhona zamagama oda langaphambilini, futhi owasungulwa izakhiwo-Mongolian Chinese.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Kublai Khan ku-yalolucwaningo 60 kwekhulu XIII. Wabe kabanzi bahlanganyele isevisi izicukuthwane Chinese, isicelo ithuthukiswe iziphakamiso zabo kubaphathi yokusebenza insimu yamaShayina nesibalo sabantu. China iye lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo ihlukaniswe yaba izifundazwe 10, ngaphakathi owalondoloza uhlelo Chinese izindawo, izifunda kanye izifunda. Central ohulumeni usukope amaphethini Chinese ngezindlela eziningi. It sathathwa umkhuba Chinese zezihloko koMbusi nezimpawu indaba ephathwayo iminyaka wokubusa kwakhe. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIV. Lwebulungisa Chinese yokuhlolwa okukhethiwe esikhundleni isevisi (nakuba eziqhutshwa elinganiselwe) kwethulwa. Esikhathini echelons aphansi we-apharathasi isimo ke kwadingeka eziningi Chinese.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emadolobheni amakhulu kanye naphakathi, kuzo zonke izifundazwe babe amakhanda eside, amaShayina babengavunyelwe umyalo lempi, labantu okwakwenqatshelwe ukuba izikhali. okuthunyelwe Senior zokuphatha yayiqhutshwa amaMongol, noma abantu bakwamanye amazwe e-Asia Ephakathi. Yonke abantu kwakusekungazini izigaba ezine: namaMongol semuzhen - abomdabu of amazwe emaphakathi kanye Near Eastern; hanzhen - enyakatho-Chinese; Khitan futhi Jurchen; nanzhen - southern Chinese. Umlando China ekupheleni kwekhulu XIII. ....

Okokuqala okubili imikhakha amalungelo ayo, ikakhulukazi yesithathu neyesine - ukuhlukunyezwa abanolwazi. Inani elikhulu labantu, ingqikithi u dosch taxpaying imizi yezwe, Kwasakazwa ilifa izihlobo endlini futhi Mongol zempi Khan Izicukuthwane, lapho kwakuyibona amakhosi cishe ephelele isimo, noma ngokusebenzisa abaphathi kabi abantu. It awahlangabezananga amasiko Chinese uhlelo lempi Yuan, nakuba amaShayina babehileleke amasosha inkonzo yezempi.

AmaMongol ukunqoba ubephelezelwa ukubhujiswa entsha amabutho ithele e China. Phakathi nezimpi kwabo yabantu bakhona ngizoqothulwa, wabulala edolobheni, baphanga impahla kanye nezwe. Baningi abantu bayabanjwa ngu amaMongol athunjwa, yaphenduka izisebenzi eziboshiwe (tszyuydin), izinceku nezigqila. Onjalo kwamehlela ukudalelwa futhi abalimi nasemizaneni, kanye netingcweti temsebenti emizini, ne umehluko kuphela nokuba ukuthi artisan ezisemadolobheni ngokuvamile ngaphansi kobugqila-Mongolian amandla emaphakathi.

Umlando of China ekhulwini XIII.