Crane Gray: isithombe, yokuphila izici

Kulesi sihloko uzofunda mayelana enye yezinyoni ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi ezinkulu. Lokhu crane. Ubude 7 zezinyoni bazohlala eRussia. Kule midlalo, ezivamile futhi eziningi abavamile grey crane.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Mpunga Cranes isidleke asentshonalanga nasenyakatho yeYurophu, emasimini amaningi Russian (kuze soMfula. Kolyma futhi Trans-iBaikal), e-China ne-enyakatho Mongolia. Futhi abanye bebonakala ku-Altai, Tibet naseTurkey. Ebusika, the Cranes, nanjengezinyoni ezibanjwa kakhulu ngokuvamile uthuthele ku eningizimu: eMpumalanga, futhi eNyakatho Afrika, eSpain, eFrance, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, i-India neChina (naseningizimu nasempumalanga).

Izindawo zabo lokushutheka: ezindaweni izimbuku floodplains (amaxhaphozi). Uma kwenzeka yokuntula amaxhaphozi kungaba axazulule eduze umhlaba wokulima. Ngokuvamile ubusika Cranes ukhethe indawo uphakeme kakhulu, kunalokho ezinabantu embozwe izimila utshani.

Common Crane: izithombe, incazelo

Abesilisa nabesifazane musa ihluke nomunye ngokubukeka. Umbala oqavile umbala abadala - grey. ambalwa kuphela, amnyama, amanye izimpaphe: primaries (primary, secondary, ephakeme futhi opaque), kanye izimpaphe umsila (izihloko zazo).

Ngesikhathi okhakhayini izimpaphe cishe akukho nhlobo, futhi endaweni isikhumba angenalutho kuso - abomvu. Njalo nge "cap" obomvu ekhanda uya grey crane (isithombe kukuveza obala loku).

Ingxenye engezansi entanyeni, ezinhlangothini zalo, ingxenye ikhanda (posterior) kanye kwesilevu babe sinombala umbala omnyama. On entanyeni nenhloko inyoni ivelele ngokucijile ngokumelene umugqa omhlophe ukuthi egobhoza ikhanda emaphethelweni misa, kanye ngaphandle entanyeni.

Lena kahle esikhulu inyoni: ukuphakama - 115 cm, futhi amaphiko abe span amamitha angu-2. Isisindo kuyinto kwabesilisa kg 6 nabesifazane - kancane esingaphansi (5.900 kg). coloration izimpaphe ivumela inyoni simaskwe emahlathini ezitheni. Uqhwaku ifinyelela Ubukhulu ngamasentimitha angu-30. Gray ngezimpaphe obomvu eziyimpumelelo has abasha grey crane. Nemilenze ku inyoni emnyama.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

crane Gray - inyoni monogamous. It uhlala ambalwa ukuphila. Kuphela uma owesifazane noma owesilisa efa, le nyoni lokusinda uthola omunye umngane womshado. Futhi kwenye pair kungenzeka endabeni imizamo bahluleke yinsali eside.

Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-July zizalela zokugcina isizini. Ngokuvamile, kwakhiwa umusi is ngaphambi indiza eduze indawo yokwakha isidleke. Ngemva efika besilisa suit zesifazane le eyinqaba kakhulu bedansa isiko. Zimelela a ukweqa, ukubhakuzisa amaphiko futhi tittup ezibalulekile.

Ngenhla amanzi noma eduze ingxenye umhlaba ikhethwa (kuqhathaniswa ezomile) iyadingeka obukhulu izimila (nemihlanga m. P.). Iyindawo esidlekeni. Iduna nensikazi ukukhethwa efanelekayo endaweni drawling izwi ukumemezela. Kanjeyana they iphawule indawo yabo.

Ngokusobala isidleke - elikhulu (ngaphezu kuka-1 imitha ububanzi). It is eyakhelwe kusukela impahla onhlobonhlobo. Ngokuvamile, Insikazi ibekela amaqanda amabili. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ihlala izinsuku ezingu-31. Futhi kwaba owesilisa nowesifazane efukamela amaqanda. Ngemva nje kokuzalwa amachwane ukushiya isidleke sabazali. izimpaphe zawo ngokugcwele kwenzeka ngemva mayelana 70 days.

izici Indlela yokuphila

crane Gray, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, ekufikeni ekhaya uqala eyinqaba Shake umlenze. Kwenze noma ngabe eyedwa noma iphakethe. Phakathi nale nkathi izinyoni ayaqaphela kakhulu, ngakho ukuyibuka zonke bekude kuphela. Cranes phezu yindawo yokuzalela ngokuvamile ungalokothi yakha imibuthano mass, okusho ngazimbili isidleke kude nomunye.

Jack besilisa Yakha zesifazane ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ulondekile. Ngenxa yalokho, kuba nje yinqwaba izinkuni eqoqwe abavela ezindaweni eziseduze. Ngaphakathi esidlekeni kuyinto ugqoko ujenga ngotshani obomile. Njengomthetho, izinyoni amadala hlala izidleke zazo (ngonyaka odlule). Lokhu izisekelo kungaba pair of Cranes akubo bazokhonza lapha iminyaka eminingana, nje kancane njalo izinyoni ngonyaka ke olusha.

Ukusatshalaliswa Cranes eRussia

crane Gray eRussia imelelwa zenyathi emibili - aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga. bayehluka kancane kusuka komunye nomunye. Ngasemdeni ke ka-ukusatshalaliswa zabo, kanye zenyathi yabo ukuzimela, wafunda ezweni namuhla kuqhathaniswa kabi. Cishe singasho ukuthi emngceleni ohlukanisa zenyathi ezimbili, kwelula phezu zase-Ural. zenyathi Western uhlala engxenyeni European yeRussia, nasempumalanga - e-Asia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaziwa ukuthi grey ebusika crane kusukela ingxenye European yezwe ezindiza Afrika (Morocco, Egypt, njll ...), Futhi kusukela empumalanga (ophilayo ikakhulu eSiberia) - North India noma China. Ingxenye encane ye-Eurasia Crane overwinters eNingizimu eCaucasus.

Ekugcineni, ezithakazelisa kakhulu

Ekuqaleni zikhwelwe, Cranes grey izimpaphe wakhe sigcwele nodaka futhi daka. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukuzifihla bese ufihle ezilwaneni eziyingozi, abenze obunganakekile ngezikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni futhi ukuchamisela amatshwele abo.

crane Gray, kanye nezinye izinhlobo, iqala indiza yayo nge bushelelezi kuyiwe umoya, usheshisa futhi embula amaphiko omkhulu nje ngaphambi kokukhamba.

Cranes Abaningana impela omnivorous grey: badle izitshalo (Nezilimo eziyizigaxa, amaqabunga, sifanamsindvo, acorns, amajikijolo, njll.), ezingenamgogodla (izinambuzane nezibungu), ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo (izinyoka, amasele, nenhlanzi namagundane). Futhi, crane zingadla nokusanhlamvu, kuyilapho ngisho posing usongo ezilimweni.