Cycling. Cycling Russia

Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi okwesikhathi ngebhayisikili indoda siyindlela ethandwa futhi ezidingekayo zokuthutha kusukela ingane isencane. Ekuqaleni ingane izohlola amandla yabo amathathu futhi "ihhashi", bese utshalwe kuya ezimbili ezinamasondo "iyunithi", ngokushesha. Ukuze abafana iba into eyigugu futhi othandekayo, uma kungekhona umngane oqotho ngokulambisa.

Namuhla, imikhaya eminingi uthanda ukuchitha yokuzilibazisa isikhathi sabo, nihambahambe edolobheni noma izwe emshinini ezimbili ezinamasondo.

Uma sibheka ngebhayisikili ke, yebo, kudinga ukuzinikela ngokugcwele futhi singenzi esiphezulu. Usikisela ezingeni lelisetulu lokuhlushwa ukuba bafinyelele imigomo yabo. Ngokwemvelo, abantu abathintekayo ngebhayisikili efanele ihlukile labo ngezinye izikhathi othanda ukugibela okusheshayo kwi-Wheeler ezimbili.

Cycling - kungcono webanga, oyingxenye yesimiso-Olympic wokuncintisana. Kuyini lokho okushiwo yile yemicimbi yemidlalo ejabulisa? Kulula kabi. Kuyadingeka ukuba amboze ibanga ngebhayisekili esikhathini esifushane.

Mayelana nomlando

Cycling waqala zimiswe kusukela, njengoba iye yasungulwa imoto ezimbili ezinamasondo.

Ngokokuqala ngqá ndoda wahlala ngemuva isondo yakhe eziqondisa ngenhloso ukuqhudelana isivinini ngowesithathu yokuqala yekhulu XIX. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngezihluthu isondo ebhayisikili induku yokuxhuma, kanye nomklamo walo kakhulu yathuthukiswa. Engxenyeni kwekhulu XIX yesibili, iyunithi kwaba ifakwe drive chain futhi kamuva eminyakeni embalwa uvele endaweni kwamathayi enjoloba womoya.

Ngo-1869, imihlangano umcimbi yezemidlalo lokuqala, ogama umzila wagijima phakathi Paris futhi Rouen lahlelwa. I ibanga eliphakathi kwale mizi kwaba amakhilomitha angu-120. indawo Okokuqala emncintiswaneni waklonyeliswa waseBrithani ongazazi izindlela Moore: wakwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane amakhilomitha-11 ngehora.

I ngebhayisikili Russian uvele Julayi 1883. Khona-ke aphethwe umncintiswano omunye ebalulwe wedolobha. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX ezweni lethu kwase kunesiqiniseko amakilabhu engaphezu kwemibili kweshumi enamalungu kwakukhona izinkulungwane Abahamba. Abenzi kuphela iqhaza imincintiswano, kodwa kwasiza enhlanganweni yabo.

Ngo-1918, lo mncintiswano owawuse, owawina okuyinto ahlonishwe Unelungelo lokugqoka isihloko iqhawe RSFSR. Ubizwa kufanele hola bemidlalo Boysher M. F. Izingwegwe. Ngemva kwalokho, iSoviet Union ukuze ehlelekile ahlele ngebhayisikili mncintiswano. Nokho, kuphela in the 50s phakathi, Abagijimi bethu bakwazi ukubamba iqhaza ubuqhawe zomhlaba, owawungumnyaka wesikhombisa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-International Cycling Union yasungulwa ngo-1900. Kulendlela yokubhala wawuyingxenye ezingeni lomhlaba wonke jikelele Amateur Cycling Federation (FIAC), kanye lo mfelandawonye of ezemidlalo zochwepheshe ezingeni international (FIKP). Ngo-1993, khona ehlukile zalezi zinhlangano sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi kungahlakaniphile, ngakho kwanqunywa ukuba sihlanganise wabayisa International Cycling Union, eyayihlanganisa 160 nemifelandawonye.

ukuhlukahluka ngebhayisikili

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngebhayisikili libhekwa enombolweni izinhlobo, kuncike ithrekhi lapho umcimbi ukusebenzisa.

Bamabhayisikili abaphambili ungenza Sprint, hhayi kuphela phezu flat futhi abushelelezi emjahweni, kodwa futhi ku ezindaweni ezimagebhugebhu futhi sezintaba. Yiqiniso, namuhla ngebhayisikili Russian ibhekene "umoya wesibili", njengoba leli lizwe eqoshiwe isithakazelo eyengeziwe hhayi kuphela ukugibela amabhayisikili emgwaqeni omkhulu futhi Sprint, kodwa futhi ukuba velopolo futhi umjikelezo ibhola.

Ngakho, ake ukugxila izinhlobo ezithile ngebhayisikili.

Road uhlanga

On ithrekhi ngokuvamile iphatha imincintiswano isikeyiti abathanda abakhetha ngebhayisikili? Highway, yebo. Lolu hlobo lwe-mncintiswano kusho isiqalo jikelele. Omunye wabadlali ngubani kweqa entanjeni yokuqala, futhi kuzobhekwa njengendlela iqhawe. Ibanga kubantu besilisa 239 km, kanye nabesifazane - 120 km. Kuyo yonke indlela izinto okunikeziwe lapho abasubathi aphumule kancane: ukuphuza amanzi noma udla amasemishi. Riders ephelezelwa iqembu technical support, okuyinto uhlale ekulungele ukusiza esikhundleni isondo ezilimele noma ukunikeza imoto entsha, uma kunesidingo.

Futhi-ke, abalandeli emidlalweni eminingi bayasazi yokuthi e-Italy ehlobo iqala njalo umjikelezo umgwaqo uhlanga Giro. 2014 yayiphumula kule emcimbini wezemidlalo kujabulise.

Kuyinto afane nomuntu "Tour de France", ihlelwe umhleli walo ezidumile iphephandaba Italian Gazzetta dello Ezemidlalo.

Sprint

Lo mncintiswano esiqhutshwa emahlandla lamatsatfu, futhi bangeniswa izinkomba akhawunti, zigxilé zokugcina 200 amamitha. Futhi, abasubathi zizofuna e round (uchungechunge phezulu ezintathu), lapho abagibeli ababili ukulandela omunye komunye. Owinile ungowokuqala ukuthola kulo mjaho.

Emncintiswaneni amaphuzu

Umgomo we-umsubathi ukuze uthole amaphuzu esiphezulu at ibanga 40KM abesilisa 25KM kwabesifazane. Ngu kokuqala kuvunyelwe esingenamkhawulo ahamba ngamabhayisekili. Ngemva sokunqoba round yokuqala abasubathi imizamo ukugxila amathrekhi Lesisemkhatsini, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi ukuhlolwa amaphoyinti wathola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe anikezwa Abahamba ezine kuphela eza kuqala kulo mjaho phakathi emathangeni 10. Beshaya isimiso simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: 1 iphuzu - indawo yesine, 2 amaphuzu - ngokuba indawo yesithathu, 3 amaphuzu - ngoba indawo yesibili, 5 amaphuzu - zokuqala.

Ngemva abasubathi unqobe ibanga, owaphuma kunqunywa: nguye ngubani lamfica umgibeli zokugcina eqenjini main kumbuthano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi abasubathi kungenzeka ezimbili, ezintathu, noma ngisho ezine. Kulokhu, iqhawe itholwa ngesisekelo lowo kukora amaphuzu iningi.

ukuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni

Cycling Russia, njengamanye amazwe, kwamiswa kancane kancane: kuqala, yimuphi umjaho endleleni ke waqala ukuqhuba ngezimoto ithrekhi, futhi kuphela in the 50s of leminyaka elidlule, abantu bezama ukuhamba ngebhayisekili ezinkangala. Ibhayisikili lasentabeni, ntaba ngebhayisikili othiwa ngisho namuhla ubhekwa ngochwepheshe njengoba omunye uzijabulisa ethandwa kakhulu, futhi ngezicathulo kuso - umdlalo omncane.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le moto ezimbili ezinamasondo lenzelwa ukushayela ezintabeni, olwesimanje njalo ngonyaka, engesiyo emabhayisikili umgwaqo ajwayelekile, ngenxa amahlanu ayikashintshi kakhulu.

Ngo-1990, ntaba ngebhayisikili uye baqashelwa ngokomthetho kusukela ku-International Cycling Union.