Dovator Jikelele: Biography. Army General Dovatora

Umlando olukhulu eRussia unamagama nemicimbi, okuyizinto isibonelo esicace yokucabanga Russian, okuyinto busekelwe othandweni wezwe. amalungelo Umunyu - feat uhlale khona, kodwa ithuba ngomzuzu ukuze usihlole yezwe ngamunye athole. Jikelele Dovator, Karbyshev isosha Matrosov, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Panfilov Heroes, abasha "Krasnodontsev" - abantu abagcina belahlekelwe yizimpilo zabo ngenxa yezwe lakubo. ubuqhawe babo - ubufakazi we ayenganqobeki yebutho yethu kanye inflexibility yohlamvu Russian.

Ukuhlanekezela amaqiniso angokomlando

Jikelele Dovator - zinyanga iqhawe-umkhuzi emlandweni eside futhi ekhazimulayo nalawo agibela amahhashi. Ekuqaleni yokwakha kabusha, okuyinto wavula ukuyekelela endleleni ebanzi, kuhlanganise desecration onobudlova memory zomlando, babhala ukuthi iRed Army mbibi melanani ngomshini kwamaNazi kodwa ihhashi esizokufa. Njengoba konke ngemibuzo, amaqiniso ehlanekezelwe sezakhiwo of amasosha Russian amathe, usulu. Siyabonga izikhathi ubuhle zishintshile - efana isiRashiya, uyaziqhenya nomlando wayo futhi kubhekwa injongo enhle futhi muhle.

namaqhawe True kudingeka Russia yesimanje

avaliwe imibhalo ezigciniwe ngaphambilini ezazitholakala, okuholela amaqiniso athakazelisayo evulekile noma olwalwaziwa ububanzi lincane manje efanelekayo inzuzo achazwe ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, yokuthi Jikelele Dovator hhayi kuphela wayala Cavalry, futhi kwaba yinto enhle kakhulu umgibeli Iqhinga ogibele okuyinhloko. "U-Alexander saseNevsky" Ngala amakhono esikhundleni izigcawu Equestrian UNikolai cherkasov e ifilimu. Brilliant isikhulu isiRashiya, uhlakaniphile futhi iyinhle, yena akabheki "Isihloko zomgunyathi" sithwele uhlanya elihluphayo ku "ngomshini kwamaNazi." Ikakhulukazi kusukela kukhona imibhalo esemthethweni, okuyinto unikeze idatha isibalo sezimoto isitha, abhubhise Cossacks wakhe ngesikhathi begasela ku ezingemuva wesitha. "Isilo Ukukhipha Okuphezulu" zazimesaba enganaki, nekhanda lakhe waqokwa intengo 100,000 Reichsmarks.

Loyo ngempela lutho, futhi babe zonke

Ingubani, Jikelele Dovator? The hero edume ushone ekuseni, kodwa ukuphila kwakhe onohlonze ezithakazelisayo futhi ecebile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wazalwa ibe ongumlimi emkhayeni ompofu of Belarus (1903), Lev eseqedile wokuqala epherishi esikoleni secondary ezingeni lesikole. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka isitshalo yefilakisi, wakhethwa unobhala wekomiti Komsomol, futhi njengoba luthela kule endleleni ngo-1923 wathunyelwa (futhi ngempumelelo) e sovpartshkolu. Ibutho Dovator jikelele esizayo, ogama biography manje isici ukuxhunywa nge emabuthweni ahlomile, wabiza ngo-1924.

umgwaqo Kahle ekhethiwe

Besendaweni lokuqala luyingxenye kwezomnotho - zavskladom (endlunkulu 7th Cavalry Division e Minsk), Lev abaqeqeshiwe e izifundo Military-acid, umnikeza amandla okuba babe induna himvzvoda division. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Dovator esizayo jikelele, ogama biography is ongenakuzihlukanisa kuya cwaningo oluqhubekayo, okuthiwa kuphetha Borisoglebsk, Leningrad Cavalry School ngesikhathi umyalo iRed Army. iminyaka Khona ezimbalwa (1929 nango-1936) waphawula ekukhuleni kwakhe umsebenzi Umlando - ezithembisa Leli qembu umkhuzi ngenxa yokuba ahlukene Commissioner recon. On lokhu okuthunyelwe uphuzwe ngesikhathi Frunze Military Academy, ogama abathweswe iziqu ngesikhathi, njengoba umthetho, ethunyelwe ukuqeqeshwa eSpain. Ukwahlulela ngokubukeka isidlaliso "wehlathi" Lev bawamukele kwakukhona iqembu SA Vaupshasova, noma "umngane Alfred."

kube abakhwele amahhashi kabusha

Abanye abacwaningi bathi, lokhu lapho LM Dovator watadisha amacebo zempi Moroccan abakhwele amahhashi abalwe ohlangothini Franco, futhi uthuthuka abalulekile. Ukuhlolisisa wembula ukuthi "fast" njengoba babezibiza kanjalo abasekeli Franco, izigaba abakhwele amahhashi benza elihamba ngemoto, izithuthuthu kanye izibhamu kanye izimoto zempi. Kuphela le ngxenye ala mabutho anamakhanda kungaba amandla ngempumelelo. Empini ye iqhinga esindayo endaweni abakhwele amahhashi wayesehambile. Kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi Ukudilizwa ezivalekile anjalo esikhathini iRed Army ehlangene ukubuya Dovatora eSpain.

Ukuqala i-Umkhuzi umsebenzi brilliant

Ngo-1939, i-jikelele esizayo Leo Dovator nge -honours eqeda Academy. Frunze. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvulwe i-career brilliant. Kusukela ngo-November 1939, waba yinhloko labasebenzi wama-36 Cavalry Special Red Banner Order of Lenin Brigade. Stalin CVM continuer ufanele inkazimulo enkulu futhi emasikweni Okokuqala Cavalry Army. Ngokusho amahlebezi, kwaba "le ezibiyele". Zithanda noma zingathandi, kodwa iqembu laliseduze, ke cishe nsuku zonke wavakashelwa abameleli iziphathimandla, abaningi babo ababengebona kusukela Cavalry Okokuqala. Ikakhulukazi isivakashi njalo kwaba Vasily Stalin, umthandi olukhulu amahhashi. Ukuvakashelwa tivakashi letihloniphekile wenza iyunithi ukuboniswa ukuba njalo yobujamo ngokugcwele ukulwa ukulungela okwakungikhathaza, kodwa futhi sathuthukisa. Ngo-1940, i-jikelele esizayo Lev Mihaylovich Dovator kwaholela ikholomu abakhwele amahhashi ku yamathanga e Red Square.

Umklomelo ngaphambi kwempi

Ngaphambi nje kwempi, ngo-March 1941, LM Dovator ukhishwa Order of Red Star. Amazwi esemthethweni, ngoba yena unikezwe umvuzo omkhulu onje, akukho. Kodwa zikhona eziningi ezizathwini, kuhlanganise efaneleka kakhulu kubonakala elandelayo. LM Dovator, esekelwe nakho iSpanishi, ezihlongozwayo ukusetshenziswa abakhwele amahhashi ngoba le mikhuba umbani ngemuva imigqa isitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe wayengacabangi kangako esethula ukuphathwa izimali izinduna intelligence neminyango kwezifunda yezempi, futhi lokho kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba nje kokuqala kwempi, isiphakamiso ukusungulwa yabashokobezi elisekela futhi emadepho izikhali neziqhumane ezifundeni ezinabantu we kungenzeka e ekujuleni kuze kufinyelele 400 km.

okufushane esemthethweni

Ngo-March 1941 Dovator uthola i-aphoyintimenti entsha, ngalesisikhathi isiBelorussia Military District, 36 th Cavalry Division, uMphathi Abasebenzi. Ngokusho version olusemthethweni, ezinsukwini zokuqala empini, uColonel Dovator ababehlangana kulelo esibhedlela, okuyinto wamvimbela ukuze ufike emsebenzini isiteshi esisha. Ukuze le nguqulo, ngo-August 1941, ngesikhathi lapho iRed Army ngesikhathi abase bebaleka futhi balahlekelwa esindayo, LM Dovator ukhishwa Order of Red Banner ngoba izimpi ukuzivikela esiqondisweni Solovetsky.

Eqinisweni elingenakuphikwa

Kodwa abacwaningi ngokucophelela more of yomlando wakhe, uqhathanisa amaqiniso abanye basikisela ukuthi le ndondo okusezingeni eliphezulu wathola ngokubamba iqhaza ekuhlolweni kokuqala ngempumelelo rocket isiqalisi M-13, baziwa emhlabeni wonke ngaphansi kwegama "Katyusha". Kwakungu-July 14, 1941 esiteshini Orsha-Ukuhweba. Kususelwa imibhalo, abakholelwa ukuthi, ngokwendlela oda kukaStalin siqu, uColonel Dovator kwadingeka ukuba singangeni ngenkani endlunkulu Army 16 futhi, ukuba ngesikhathi ekuchithweni kwayo amathangi kanye elihamba, ikhava Flerova ibhethri ngemuva kokwenza ukuthi Salvo kuqala. Qhubeka ukuqinisekisa kugasela wakhe ngempumelelo ezindaweni isitha ezingemuva futhi hhayi ngaphansi kuka ukubuya yimpumelelo ensimini hhayi matasa kanzima ngamaNazi.

Ubani futhi kanjani ukubhubhisa 52 himpolk th-German

Kusolwa ukuthi ibutho 52 th yamakhemikhali German labhujiswa ngo-July 15 ngaphansi amabutho Sitno ezazisemizini ifa Dovatora Mishulina, Kaduchenko. Laba ababili bokugcina (emathangini avuzayo) ngesikhathi esifanayo Dovatora baklonyeliswa isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. isiqinisekiso ngokusemthethweni kule nguqulo kungaqali - mhlawumbe kungcono ngisho isikhathi. UCaptain Flerov, induna ibhethri M-13, akuzange ukhishwa nhlobo. Futhi ngo-1960, wavele ukhushuliwe isikhundla the Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Kukhona isithombe ezingavamile kakhulu, lapho ikusasa Dovator jikelele (photo enamathiselwe) is smiling - wayesanda Order of Red Star.

Okuthusayo ngesikhathi "elinesibindi"

Kodwa sokunconywa zako ezisemqoka e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe babe kuphangwa edume ku ezingemuva wesitha, enifeza ahlukene Cavalry Iqembu kwakhiwa kusukela 50 th futhi 53 th Cavalry Division futhi wathola asesandleni sakhe. Nazi izibalo: 2300 (ezinye imithombo - 2500), abasebenzi basehhovisi kanye amasosha, izimoto 200 futhi 9 amathangi wabhubhisa Dovatortsev, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona isekisi abadlali. master Eyingqayizivele iqhinga ogibele, badutshulwa amaJalimane emi phezu izihlalo, noma esiswini wehhashi.

Blazing isibindi ithemba futhi libe yifa esikhulu ihhashi - kwathiwa enought ukwesaba amasosha oMbusi, ngubani ngidlala ashaqe Europe. ngezihluthu eduze Rzhev onguthelawayeka White-ku Lam emfuleni, edolobheni Solnechnogorsk, ku le Istra kwesigubhu madolonzima amabutho aseJalimane emaphethelweni eMoscow.

Isinqumo Executive

Ngo-August-September 3000 Cossacks iphansi kwesandla sika-indoda isibindi yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba ethuke le "Aryans kweqiniso", igama eMoscow wayazi zonke, lathi isosha laseJalimane, amapheshana ne umvuzo ekhanda zakhe zaphonswa yonke indawo. AmaJalimane ziphele nya edolobhaneni lakubo e Belarus nimise amandla ekhethekile yezempi ukulichitha. Umyalo Soviet ngesikhathi loku kuseshwa uyinikeze elisezingeni uMajor General futhi ukhishwa Order of Lenin.

Labo babusi abane enenani eliphakeme imiklomelo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha

Kusukela ngo-November, Jikelele Dovator wayala 3rd Cavalry Corps, okuyinto ngokoqobo kweviki lalenziwa 2 Guards Cavalry Corps njengengxenye Army 16 elaliholwa Rokossovsky, ubani Lev Mikhailovich eboshiwe inhlonipho ngokuphila sesosha. Ibonisa izimangaliso isibindi, Jikelele Dovatora ibutho njengoba namaqhawe Panfilov, ukufa wema ngasemnyango izindonga yenhloko-dolobha. Ukwenqena onga yena isibindi angakhuluma le Cossack mkhuzi imbangela yokufa kwakhe. Disemba 19 edolobhaneni endaweni Palashkino, ngesikhathi lapho omabonakude LM Dovator wabona isikhundla isitha, yena nethimba lakhe zidutshulwe isibhamu umshini. Umlawuli ziyaphawuleka, ogama lakhe okukhulunywa eziningi imigwaqo, izakhiwo kanye nemikhumbi, wafa eneminyaka engu-38.

kudala isitsha nomlotha hero, owayebizwa kwakhe yaklonyeliswa Hero isihloko eSoviet Union, waba isitoreji ekhethekile, futhi kuphela ngo-1959, kanye urns Ivan Panfilov nomshayeli Viktor Talalikhina wembelwa Novodevichy emathuneni ethuneni esivumelana ngalo esingakhela wamiswa inhlawulo 1966 lokhu lesikhumbuzo ukuze heroes abanikela ukuphila kwabo ngenxa lokhokho naseMoscow.